我正在构建一个应用程序，用于通过网络在多个客户端之间实时获取和共享屏幕截图。
我正在使用MS Desktop Duplication API来获取图像数据，除了某些边缘情况外，它工作顺利。
我一直在使用四款游戏作为测试应用程序来测试屏幕截图在全屏时的表现，它们是风暴英雄、彩虹六号围攻、反恐精英和绝地求生。
在我自己的具有 GeForce GTX 1070 显卡的机器上；对于所有测试应用程序，在全屏和全屏外一切正常。然而，在另外两台运行 GeForce GTX 980 的机器上；除 PUBG 外的所有测试应用程序都有效。当 PUBG 全屏运行时，我的桌面复制会生成全黑图像，我无法弄清楚为什么 桌面复制示例适用于所有测试机器和测试应用程序。
我所做的与示例基本相同，只是我正在提取像素数据并从该数据中创建自己的 SDL(OpenGL) 纹理，而不是直接使用获取的 ID3D11Texture2D。
为什么 GTX 980 上的全屏 PUBG 是唯一失败的测试用例？
我获取帧的方式、处理“DXGI_ERROR_ACCESS_LOST”错误或我如何从 GPU 复制数据是否有问题？
声明：
IDXGIOutputDuplication* m_OutputDup = nullptr;
Microsoft::WRL::ComPtr<ID3D11Device> m_Device = nullptr;
ID3D11DeviceContext* m_DeviceContext = nullptr;
D3D11_TEXTURE2D_DESC m_TextureDesc;
初始化：
bool InitializeScreenCapture()
{
HRESULT result = E_FAIL;
if (!m_Device)
{
D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL featureLevels = D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_11_0;
D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL featureLevel;
result = D3D11CreateDevice(
nullptr,
D3D_DRIVER_TYPE_HARDWARE,
nullptr,
0,
&featureLevels,
1,
D3D11_SDK_VERSION,
&m_Device,
&featureLevel,
&m_DeviceContext);
if (FAILED(result) || !m_Device)
{
Log("Failed to create D3DDevice);
return false;
}
}
// Get DXGI device
ComPtr<IDXGIDevice> DxgiDevice;
result = m_Device.As(&DxgiDevice);
if (FAILED(result))
{
Log("Failed to get DXGI device);
return false;
}
// Get DXGI adapter
ComPtr<IDXGIAdapter> DxgiAdapter;
result = DxgiDevice->GetParent(__uuidof(IDXGIAdapter), &DxgiAdapter);
if (FAILED(result))
{
Log("Failed to get DXGI adapter);
return false;
}
DxgiDevice.Reset();
// Get output
UINT Output = 0;
ComPtr<IDXGIOutput> DxgiOutput;
result = DxgiAdapter->EnumOutputs(Output, &DxgiOutput);
if (FAILED(result))
{
Log("Failed to get DXGI output);
return false;
}
DxgiAdapter.Reset();
ComPtr<IDXGIOutput1> DxgiOutput1;
result = DxgiOutput.As(&DxgiOutput1);
if (FAILED(result))
{
Log("Failed to get DXGI output1);
return false;
}
DxgiOutput.Reset();
// Create desktop duplication
result = DxgiOutput1->DuplicateOutput(m_Device.Get(), &m_OutputDup);
if (FAILED(result))
{
Log("Failed to create output duplication);
return false;
}
DxgiOutput1.Reset();
DXGI_OUTDUPL_DESC outputDupDesc;
m_OutputDup->GetDesc(&outputDupDesc);
// Create CPU access texture description
m_TextureDesc.Width = outputDupDesc.ModeDesc.Width;
m_TextureDesc.Height = outputDupDesc.ModeDesc.Height;
m_TextureDesc.Format = outputDupDesc.ModeDesc.Format;
m_TextureDesc.ArraySize = 1;
m_TextureDesc.BindFlags = 0;
m_TextureDesc.MiscFlags = 0;
m_TextureDesc.SampleDesc.Count = 1;
m_TextureDesc.SampleDesc.Quality = 0;
m_TextureDesc.MipLevels = 1;
m_TextureDesc.CPUAccessFlags = D3D11_CPU_ACCESS_FLAG::D3D11_CPU_ACCESS_READ;
m_TextureDesc.Usage = D3D11_USAGE::D3D11_USAGE_STAGING;
return true;
}
屏幕截图：
void TeamSystem::CaptureScreen()
{
if (!m_ScreenCaptureInitialized)
{
Log("Attempted to capture screen without ScreenCapture being initialized");
return false;
}
HRESULT result = E_FAIL;
DXGI_OUTDUPL_FRAME_INFO frameInfo;
ComPtr<IDXGIResource> desktopResource = nullptr;
ID3D11Texture2D* copyTexture = nullptr;
ComPtr<ID3D11Resource> image;
int32_t attemptCounter = 0;
DWORD startTicks = GetTickCount();
do // Loop until we get a non empty frame
{
m_OutputDup->ReleaseFrame();
result = m_OutputDup->AcquireNextFrame(1000, &frameInfo, &desktopResource);
if (FAILED(result))
{
if (result == DXGI_ERROR_ACCESS_LOST) // Access may be lost when changing from/to fullscreen mode(any application); when this happens we need to reaquirce the outputdup
{
m_OutputDup->ReleaseFrame();
m_OutputDup->Release();
m_OutputDup = nullptr;
m_ScreenCaptureInitialized = InitializeScreenCapture();
if (m_ScreenCaptureInitialized)
{
result = m_OutputDup->AcquireNextFrame(1000, &frameInfo, &desktopResource);
}
else
{
Log("Failed to reinitialize screen capture after access was lost");
return false;
}
}
if (FAILED(result))
{
Log("Failed to acquire next frame);
return false;
}
}
attemptCounter++;
if (GetTickCount() - startTicks > 3000)
{
Log("Screencapture timed out after " << attemptCounter << " attempts");
return false;
}
} while(frameInfo.TotalMetadataBufferSize <= 0 || frameInfo.LastPresentTime.QuadPart <= 0); // This is how you wait for an image containing image data according to SO (https://stackoverflow.com/questions/49481467/acquirenextframe-not-working-desktop-duplication-api-d3d11)
Log("ScreenCapture succeeded after " << attemptCounter << " attempt(s)");
// Query for IDXGIResource interface
result = desktopResource->QueryInterface(__uuidof(ID3D11Texture2D), reinterpret_cast<void**>(©Texture));
desktopResource->Release();
desktopResource = nullptr;
if (FAILED(result))
{
Log("Failed to acquire texture from resource);
m_OutputDup->ReleaseFrame();
return false;
}
// Copy image into a CPU access texture
ID3D11Texture2D* stagingTexture = nullptr;
result = m_Device->CreateTexture2D(&m_TextureDesc, nullptr, &stagingTexture);
if (FAILED(result) || stagingTexture == nullptr)
{
Log("Failed to copy image data to access texture);
m_OutputDup->ReleaseFrame();
return false;
}
D3D11_MAPPED_SUBRESOURCE mappedResource;
m_DeviceContext->CopyResource(stagingTexture, copyTexture);
m_DeviceContext->Map(stagingTexture, 0, D3D11_MAP_READ, 0, &mappedResource);
void* copy = malloc(m_TextureDesc.Width * m_TextureDesc.Height * 4);
memcpy(copy, mappedResource.pData, m_TextureDesc.Width * m_TextureDesc.Height * 4);
m_DeviceContext->Unmap(stagingTexture, 0);
stagingTexture->Release();
m_OutputDup->ReleaseFrame();
// Create a new SDL texture from the data in the copy varialbe
free(copy);
return true;
}
一些注意事项：
- 我修改了我的原始代码以使其更具可读性，因此缺少一些清理和登录错误处理。
- 在任何测试场景中都不会触发任何错误或超时情况（DXGI_ERROR_ACCESS_LOST 除外）。
- 在任何测试场景中，“attemptCounter”都不会超过 2。
- 测试用例是有限的，因为我无法访问产生黑色图像案例的计算机。