我正在尝试为使用非常定制的 Wordpress 安装的网站编写一个好的 vcl 文件,但我仍然是该领域的新手。因此,如果有人能指出我在哪里犯了错误,我将非常感激。我正在尝试default.vcl
使用通用规则和具有域特定规则的每个域 vcl 文件。问题是我试图指示 Varnish 不要为页面和弹出 ajax 框缓存一些路径。并且不要缓存我通过登录 cookie 捕获的登录用户。
我将粘贴我的完整配置。此外,如果包含附加的 vcl 文件,我对 vcl 文件的线性执行有点困惑。“包含”的位置重要吗?我想自己调查这个案例,但是使用 Varnish 日志记录有点复杂。有没有办法可以找到哪些规则在特定页面上起作用?
我的default.vcl
vcl 4.0;
import std;
backend domain1 {
.host = "11.111.11.1";
.port = "8001";
.connect_timeout = 600s;
.first_byte_timeout = 600s;
.between_bytes_timeout = 600s;
.max_connections = 800;
}
backend domain2 {
.host = "222.22.22.2";
.port = "8002";
.connect_timeout = 600s;
.first_byte_timeout = 600s;
.between_bytes_timeout = 600s;
.max_connections = 800;
}
acl purge {
"localhost";
"127.0.0.1";
"79.124.64.16";
"193.107.37.45";
}
sub vcl_recv {
if (req.http.host ~ "^(?i)domain1.com" || req.http.host ~ "^.*\.domain1.com" ) {
set req.backend_hint = domain1;
}
elseif (req.http.host == "^.*\.domain2.com" || req.http.host == "^.*\.domain2-alias.com") {
set req.backend_hint = domain2;
}
if (req.restarts == 0) {
if (req.http.X-Forwarded-For) {
set req.http.X-Forwarded-For = req.http.X-Forwarded-For + ", " + client.ip;
} else {
set req.http.X-Forwarded-For = client.ip;
}
}
#Pass through cache PhpMyAdmin
if (req.url ~ "^.*phpmyadmin.*") {
return(pass);
}
}
######## PER DOMAIN SUBROUTINES ###########
include "domain1.vcl";
include "domain2.vcl";
if (req.http.Cookie ~ "wordpress_logged_in_") {
return (pass);
}
# Normalize the header, remove the port (in case you're testing this on various TCP ports)
set req.http.Host = regsub(req.http.Host, ":[0-9]+", "");
# Allow purging from ACL
if (req.method == "PURGE") {
# If not allowed then a error 405 is returned
if (!client.ip ~ purge) {
return(synth(405, "This IP is not allowed to send PURGE requests."));
}
# If allowed, do a cache_lookup -> vlc_hit() or vlc_miss()
return (purge);
}
# Post requests will not be cached
if (req.http.Authorization || req.method == "POST") {
return (pass);
}
# Conflicting with few lines below
# # Only deal with "normal" types
# if (req.method != "GET" &&
# req.method != "HEAD" &&
# req.method != "PUT" &&
# req.method != "POST" &&
# req.method != "TRACE" &&
# req.method != "OPTIONS" &&
# req.method != "PATCH" &&
# req.method != "DELETE") {
# /* Non-RFC2616 or CONNECT which is weird. */
# return (pipe);
# }
# Implementing websocket support (https://www.varnish-cache.org/docs/4.0/users-guide/vcl-example-websockets.html)
if (req.http.Upgrade ~ "(?i)websocket") {
return (pipe);
}
# Only cache GET or HEAD requests. This makes sure the POST requests are always passed.
if (req.method != "GET" && req.method != "HEAD") {
return (pipe);
}
# Some generic URL manipulation, useful for all templates that follow
# First remove the Google Analytics added parameters, useless for our backend
if (req.url ~ "(\?|&)(utm_source|utm_medium|utm_campaign|utm_content|gclid|cx|ie|cof|siteurl)=") {
set req.url = regsuball(req.url, "&(utm_source|utm_medium|utm_campaign|utm_content|gclid|cx|ie|cof|siteurl)=([A-z0-9_\-\.%25]+)", "");
set req.url = regsuball(req.url, "\?(utm_source|utm_medium|utm_campaign|utm_content|gclid|cx|ie|cof|siteurl)=([A-z0-9_\-\.%25]+)", "?");
set req.url = regsub(req.url, "\?&", "?");
set req.url = regsub(req.url, "\?$", "");
}
# Some generic cookie manipulation, useful for all templates that follow
# Remove the "has_js" cookie
set req.http.Cookie = regsuball(req.http.Cookie, "has_js=[^;]+(; )?", "");
# Remove any Google Analytics based cookies
set req.http.Cookie = regsuball(req.http.Cookie, "__utm.=[^;]+(; )?", "");
set req.http.Cookie = regsuball(req.http.Cookie, "_ga=[^;]+(; )?", "");
set req.http.Cookie = regsuball(req.http.Cookie, "_gat=[^;]+(; )?", "");
set req.http.Cookie = regsuball(req.http.Cookie, "utmctr=[^;]+(; )?", "");
set req.http.Cookie = regsuball(req.http.Cookie, "utmcmd.=[^;]+(; )?", "");
set req.http.Cookie = regsuball(req.http.Cookie, "utmccn.=[^;]+(; )?", "");
# Remove DoubleClick offensive cookies
set req.http.Cookie = regsuball(req.http.Cookie, "__gads=[^;]+(; )?", "");
# Remove the Quant Capital cookies (added by some plugin, all __qca)
set req.http.Cookie = regsuball(req.http.Cookie, "__qc.=[^;]+(; )?", "");
# Remove the AddThis cookies
set req.http.Cookie = regsuball(req.http.Cookie, "__atuv.=[^;]+(; )?", "");
# Remove a ";" prefix in the cookie if present
set req.http.Cookie = regsuball(req.http.Cookie, "^;\s*", "");
#Remove WP cookies
set req.http.Cookie = regsuball(req.http.Cookie, "__utma.=[^;]+(; )?", "");
set req.http.Cookie = regsuball(req.http.Cookie, "__utmb.=[^;]+(; )?", "");
set req.http.Cookie = regsuball(req.http.Cookie, "__utmc.=[^;]+(; )?", "");
set req.http.Cookie = regsuball(req.http.Cookie, "__utmt.=[^;]+(; )?", "");
set req.http.Cookie = regsuball(req.http.Cookie, "__utmz.=[^;]+(; )?", "");
# set req.http.Cookie = regsuball(req.http.Cookie, "wordpress_test_cookie.=[^;]+(; )?", "");
# set req.http.Cookie = regsuball(req.http.Cookie, "wordpress_test_cookie[^;]+(; )?", "");
set req.http.Cookie = regsuball(req.http.Cookie, "bp-message[^;]+(; )?", "");
set req.http.Cookie = regsuball(req.http.Cookie, "bp-message-type[^;]+(; )?", "");
# Are there cookies left with only spaces or that are empty?
if (req.http.cookie ~ "^\s*$") {
unset req.http.cookie;
}
**#Dont cache Logged-in users
if (req.http.Cookie == "wordpress_logged_in_") {
return (pass);
}
elseifif (req.http.cookie ~ "wordpress_logged_in_") {
return (pass);
}**
# Large static files are delivered directly to the end-user without
# waiting for Varnish to fully read the file first.
# Varnish 4 fully supports Streaming, so set do_stream in vcl_backend_response()
if (req.url ~ "^[^?]*\.(7z|avi|bz2|flac|flv|gz|mka|mkv|mov|mp3|mp4|mpeg|mpg|ogg|ogm|opus|rar|tar|tgz|tbz|txz|wav|webm|xz|zip)(\?.*)?$") {
unset req.http.Cookie;
return (hash);
}
# Remove all cookies for static files
# A valid discussion could be held on this line: do you really need to cache static files that don't cause load? Only if you have memory left.
# Sure, there's disk I/O, but chances are your OS will already have these files in their buffers (thus memory).
# Before you blindly enable this, have a read here: https://ma.ttias.be/stop-caching-static-files/
if (req.url ~ "^[^?]*\.(7z|avi|bmp|bz2|css|csv|doc|docx|eot|flac|flv|gif|gz|ico|jpeg|jpg|js|less|mka|mkv|mov|mp3|mp4|mpeg|mpg|odt|otf|ogg|ogm|opus|pdf|png|ppt|pptx|rar|rtf|svg|svgz|swf|tar|tbz|tgz|ttf|txt|txz|wav|webm|webp|woff|
woff2|xls|xlsx|xml|xz|zip)(\?.*)?$") {
unset req.http.Cookie;
return (hash);
}
# Send Surrogate-Capability headers to announce ESI support to backend
# set req.http.Surrogate-Capability = "key=ESI/1.0";
if (req.http.Authorization) {
# Not cacheable by default
return (pass);
}
# Did not cache HTTP authentication and HTTP Cookie
if (req.http.Authorization || req.http.Cookie) {
# Not cacheable by default
return (pass);
}
}
# Cache all others requests
return (hash);
}
######## PER DOMAIN SUBROUTINES ###########
include "domain1.vcl";
include "domain2.vcl";
sub vcl_pipe {
# set bereq.http.Connection = "Close";
# Implementing websocket support (https://www.varnish-cache.org/docs/4.0/users-guide/vcl-example-websockets.html)
if (req.http.upgrade) {
set bereq.http.upgrade = req.http.upgrade;
}
return (pipe);
}
sub vcl_pass {
# return (pass);
}
# The data on which the hashing will take place
sub vcl_hash {
hash_data(req.url);
if (req.http.host) {
hash_data(req.http.host);
} else {
hash_data(server.ip);
}
# hash cookies for requests that have them
# if (req.http.Cookie) {
# hash_data(req.http.Cookie);
# }
}
sub vcl_hit {
if (obj.ttl >= 0s) {
# A pure unadultered hit, deliver it
return (deliver);
}
# https://www.varnish-cache.org/docs/trunk/users-guide/vcl-grace.html
# When several clients are requesting the same page Varnish will send one request to the backend and place the others on hold while fetching one copy from the backend. In some products this is called request coalescing and Varni
sh does this automatically.
# If you are serving thousands of hits per second the queue of waiting requests can get huge. There are two potential problems - one is a thundering herd problem - suddenly releasing a thousand threads to serve content might sen
d the load sky high. Secondly - nobody likes to wait. To deal with this we can instruct Varnish to keep the objects in cache beyond their TTL and to serve the waiting requests somewhat stale content.
# if (!std.healthy(req.backend_hint) && (obj.ttl + obj.grace > 0s)) {
# return (deliver);
# } else {
# return (fetch);
# }
# We have no fresh fish. Lets look at the stale ones.
##if (std.healthy(req.backend_hint) {
# Backend is healthy. Limit age to 10s.
##if (obj.ttl + 10s > 0s) {
#set req.http.grace = "normal(limited)";
## return (deliver);
## } else {
# No candidate for grace. Fetch a fresh object.
## return(fetch);
## }
## } else {
# backend is sick - use full grace
## if (obj.ttl + obj.grace > 0s) {
#set req.http.grace = "full";
## return (deliver);
## } else {
# no graced object.
return (fetch);
## }
## }
# fetch & deliver once we get the result
## return (fetch); # Dead code, keep as a safeguard
}
sub vcl_miss {
# Called after a cache lookup if the requested document was not found in the cache. Its purpose
# is to decide whether or not to attempt to retrieve the document from the backend, and which
# backend to use.
return (fetch);
}
# Handle the HTTP request coming from our backend
sub vcl_backend_response {
# Called after the response headers has been successfully retrieved from the backend.
if (bereq.http.Cookie ~ "(UserID|_session)") {
set beresp.http.X-Cacheable = "NO:Got Session";
set beresp.uncacheable = true;
return (deliver);
} elsif (beresp.ttl <= 0s) {
# Varnish determined the object was not cacheable
set beresp.http.X-Cacheable = "NO:Not Cacheable";
} elsif (beresp.http.set-cookie) {
# You don't wish to cache content for logged in users
set beresp.http.X-Cacheable = "NO:Set-Cookie";
set beresp.uncacheable = true;
return (deliver);
} elsif (beresp.http.Cache-Control ~ "private") {
# You are respecting the Cache-Control=private header from the backend
set beresp.http.X-Cacheable = "NO:Cache-Control=private";
set beresp.uncacheable = true;
return (deliver);
} else {
# Varnish determined the object was cacheable
set beresp.http.X-Cacheable = "YES";
}
# Pause ESI request and remove Surrogate-Control header
if (beresp.http.Surrogate-Control ~ "ESI/1.0") {
unset beresp.http.Surrogate-Control;
set beresp.do_esi = true;
}
# Enable cache for all static files
# The same argument as the static caches from above: monitor your cache size, if you get data nuked out of it, consider giving up the static file cache.
# Before you blindly enable this, have a read here: https://ma.ttias.be/stop-caching-static-files/
if (bereq.url ~ "^[^?]*\.(7z|avi|bmp|bz2|css|csv|doc|docx|eot|flac|flv|gif|gz|ico|jpeg|jpg|js|less|mka|mkv|mov|mp3|mp4|mpeg|mpg|odt|otf|ogg|ogm|opus|pdf|png|ppt|pptx|rar|rtf|svg|svgz|swf|tar|tbz|tgz|ttf|txt|txz|wav|webm|webp|wof
f|woff2|xls|xlsx|xml|xz|zip)(\?.*)?$") {
unset beresp.http.set-cookie;
}
# Large static files are delivered directly to the end-user without
# waiting for Varnish to fully read the file first.
# Varnish 4 fully supports Streaming, so use streaming here to avoid locking.
if (bereq.url ~ "^[^?]*\.(7z|avi|bz2|flac|flv|gz|mka|mkv|mov|mp3|mp4|mpeg|mpg|ogg|ogm|opus|rar|tar|tgz|tbz|txz|wav|webm|xz|zip)(\?.*)?$") {
unset beresp.http.set-cookie;
set beresp.do_stream = true; # Check memory usage it'll grow in fetch_chunksize blocks (128k by default) if the backend doesn't send a Content-Length header, so only enable it for big objects
}
# Sometimes, a 301 or 302 redirect formed via Apache's mod_rewrite can mess with the HTTP port that is being passed along.
# This often happens with simple rewrite rules in a scenario where Varnish runs on :80 and Apache on :8080 on the same box.
# A redirect can then often redirect the end-user to a URL on :8080, where it should be :80.
# This may need finetuning on your setup.
#
# To prevent accidental replace, we only filter the 301/302 redirects for now.
if (beresp.status == 301 || beresp.status == 302) {
set beresp.http.Location = regsub(beresp.http.Location, ":[0-9]+", "");
}
# Set 2min cache if unset for static files
if (beresp.ttl <= 0s || beresp.http.Set-Cookie || beresp.http.Vary == "*") {
set beresp.ttl = 120s; # Important, you shouldn't rely on this, SET YOUR HEADERS in the backend
set beresp.uncacheable = true;
return (deliver);
}
# Don't cache 50x responses
if (beresp.status == 500 || beresp.status == 502 || beresp.status == 503 || beresp.status == 504) {
return (abandon);
}
# Allow stale content, in case the backend goes down.
# make Varnish keep all objects for 6 hours beyond their TTL
set beresp.grace = 6h;
return (deliver);
}
# The routine when we deliver the HTTP request to the user
# Last chance to modify headers that are sent to the client
sub vcl_deliver {
# Called before a cached object is delivered to the client.
if (obj.hits > 0) { # Add debug header to see if it's a HIT/MISS and the number of hits, disable when not needed
set resp.http.X-Cache = "HIT";
} else {
set resp.http.X-Cache = "MISS";
}
# Please note that obj.hits behaviour changed in 4.0, now it counts per objecthead, not per object
# and obj.hits may not be reset in some cases where bans are in use. See bug 1492 for details.
# So take hits with a grain of salt
#set resp.http.X-Cache-Hits = obj.hits;
# Remove some headers: PHP version
unset resp.http.X-Powered-By;
# Remove some headers: Apache version & OS
unset resp.http.Server;
unset resp.http.X-Drupal-Cache;
unset resp.http.X-Varnish;
unset resp.http.Via;
unset resp.http.Link;
unset resp.http.X-Generator;
return (deliver);
}
sub vcl_purge {
# Only handle actual PURGE HTTP methods, everything else is discarded
if (req.method != "PURGE") {
# restart request
set req.http.X-Purge = "Yes";
return(restart);
}
}
sub vcl_synth {
if (resp.status == 720) {
# We use this special error status 720 to force redirects with 301 (permanent) redirects
# To use this, call the following from anywhere in vcl_recv: return (synth(720, "http://host/new.html"));
set resp.http.Location = resp.reason;
set resp.status = 301;
return (deliver);
} elseif (resp.status == 721) {
# And we use error status 721 to force redirects with a 302 (temporary) redirect
# To use this, call the following from anywhere in vcl_recv: return (synth(720, "http://host/new.html"));
set resp.http.Location = resp.reason;
set resp.status = 302;
return (deliver);
}
return (deliver);
}
sub vcl_fini {
# Called when VCL is discarded only after all requests have exited the VCL.
# Typically used to clean up VMODs.
return (ok);
}
我的domain1.vcl
vcl 4.0;
sub vcl_recv {
if (req.backend_hint == domain1) {
**#Don't store backend in case of login pop screen
if (req.url ~ "^.*wp-(login|admin).*" || req.url ~ "preview=true" || req.url ~ "^.*(login|admin).*" || req.url ~ "^.*wp-load.*") {
return (pipe);
}
# Do not cache home, search, registration pages
if (req.url ~ "\/path\/subpath\/" || req.url ~ "\/pathabc\/pathdef\/" || req.url ~ ".*register.*") {
return(pipe);
}
if (req.url ~ ".*\/members\/.*") {
return(hash);
}
}
return(hash);
}**
sub vcl_backend_response {
}
sub vcl_deliver {
}
domain2.vcl
创建规则时,我的经验没有问题。