android - Android 位图内存问题 - 错误：8294416 字节分配内存不足

Question

我目前正在开发一个通过故事的应用程序。故事包含“场景”，其中包含通过 ImageView 显示的多个 JPEG 和 PNG 文件。我创建 ImageView 并通过以下函数将其添加到布局中：

private ImageView newImage(Show show)
{
    ImageView iv = new ImageView(this);
    String filePath = comin.generateFilePath(show);
    Log.i(TAG, "newImage, filePath = " + filePath + " id = " + show.id);
    WeakReference<Bitmap> bmp = new WeakReference<Bitmap>(scaleBitmap(filePath)); //added 4/1/13
    //Bitmap bmp = scaleBitmap(filePath);
    Log.i(TAG, "newImage, width = " + bmp.get().getWidth() + ", height = " + bmp.get().getHeight());
    iv.setImageBitmap(bmp.get());
    iv.setScaleType(ImageView.ScaleType.FIT_XY);
    iv.setId(show.id);

    //set visibility
    if (show.visible)
        iv.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
    else
        iv.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);

    //set dimensions
    int width = (app.getWidth() * show.dimX) / 100;
    int height = (app.getHeight() * show.dimY) / 100;
    RelativeLayout.LayoutParams rlp = new RelativeLayout.LayoutParams(width, height);
    iv.setLayoutParams(rlp);

    return iv;
}

场景结束后，我会清除所有 ImageView，除了一个没有图像且仅用于侦听触摸事件的 ImageView。

private void clearScene(boolean clearTouch)
{
    RelativeLayout parent = (RelativeLayout) findViewById(R.id.relative_layout);
    logMemory("clearScene, START");

    int count = parent.getChildCount();
    for (int a = count - 1; a >= 0; a--)
    {
        int id = parent.getChildAt(a).getId();
        String message = "clearScene id = " + id + ", count = " + count + ", a = " + a;
        if (id == TOUCH_VIEW_ID && !clearTouch)
        {
            message = message + ", ignore touch screen view";
        }
        else
        {
            unbindView(parent.getChildAt(a));
            parent.getChildAt(a).clearAnimation();
            parent.removeView(parent.getChildAt(a));
            message = message + ", unbindView, clearAnimation, removeView";
        }
        Log.i(TAG, message);
        logMemory("clearScene, CLEARED VIEW");
    }

    handler.removeCallbacksAndMessages(null);  //stop any future scheduled tasks from triggering
    logMemory("clearScene, BEFORE TRASH COLLECTOR");
    System.gc();
    logMemory("clearScene, AFTER TRASH COLLECTOR");
}

如您所见，我调用 unbindView() 方法来尝试清除任何类型的可能的内存泄漏。

private void unbindView(View view)
{
    String message = "unbindView, id = " + view.getId();
    try {view.setOnClickListener(null);} catch (Throwable mayHappen) {};
    try {view.setOnCreateContextMenuListener(null);} catch (Throwable mayHappen) {};
    try {view.setOnFocusChangeListener(null);} catch (Throwable mayHappen) {};
    try {view.setOnKeyListener(null);} catch (Throwable mayHappen) {};
    try {view.setOnLongClickListener(null);} catch (Throwable mayHappen) {};
    try {view.setOnClickListener(null);} catch (Throwable mayHappen) {};

    if (view.getBackground() != null)
    {
        message = message + ", setBackgroundCallback(null)";
        view.getBackground().setCallback(null);
    }

    if (view instanceof ImageView)
    {
        if (((ImageView)view).getDrawable() != null)
        {
            if (((ImageView)view).getDrawable() instanceof BitmapDrawable)
            {
                message = message + ", recycle bitmap";
                ((BitmapDrawable)((ImageView)view).getDrawable()).getBitmap().recycle();
            }
            message = message + ", setDrawableCallback(null)";
            ((ImageView)view).getDrawable().setCallback(null);
        }
        message = message + ", setImageBitmap(null), setBackgroundDrawable(null)";
        ((ImageView) view).setImageBitmap(null);
        ((ImageView) view).setBackgroundDrawable(null);
    }
    Log.i(TAG, message);
}

一旦所有的 ImageViews 都是无界的，我就在 clearScene 函数中运行垃圾收集器。

***编辑（2013 年 4 月 2 日）好的，经过一些研究和反复试验，我改变了我的内存记录。以下是相关方法：

在 onResume() 中，我根据 Android 的版本将布尔值设置为 true（以确定它是使用本机内存还是 Java 内存来存储位图），然后为旧内存值初始化默认值 0；

@Override
protected void onResume() 
{
    super.onResume();

    if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 11) debugJavaMemory = true;
    else debugNativeMemory = true;
    availableJavaMemoryOld = 0;
    availableNativeMemoryOld = 0;
    dialogDebug();
}

这是我的日志功能。它根据当前版本的 Android 是使用本机内存还是 Java 内存来存储位图来记录。

private void logMemory(String callingFunction)
{
    if (debugJavaMemory)
    {
        long max = Runtime.getRuntime().maxMemory() / 1024;
        long used = Runtime.getRuntime().totalMemory() / 1024;
        long available = max - used;
        long change = available - availableJavaMemoryOld;
        if (availableJavaMemoryOld != 0)
            Log.i(TAG_MEMORY, "jMEM M:" + max + ", U:" + used + ", A:" + available + ", C:" + change + ", " + callingFunction);
        availableJavaMemoryOld = available;
    }
    else if (debugNativeMemory)
    {
        long max = Debug.getNativeHeapSize() / 1024;
        long used = Debug.getNativeHeapAllocatedSize() / 1024;
        long available = max - used;
        long change = available - availableNativeMemoryOld;
        if (availableNativeMemoryOld != 0)
            Log.i(TAG_MEMORY, "nMEM M:" + max + ", U:" + used + ", A:" + available + ", C:" + change + ", " + callingFunction);
        availableNativeMemoryOld = available;
    }
}

如果您查看我从运行 Android 10 (2.3.3) 的模拟器收集的日志，垃圾收集器似乎工作正常！我唯一注意到奇怪的是，Max Native Memory 可以动态增加！？

图注：M：（最大内存），U：（已用内存），A：（可用内存），C：（可用内存变化），调用日志函数的函数

04-03 02:34:20.758: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:18336, U:13287, A:5049, C:-2549, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:0, s:0, id:0
04-03 02:34:21.267: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:21568, U:21391, A:177, C:-4872, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:0, s:0, id:1
04-03 02:34:35.227: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:21568, U:13288, A:8280, C:8103, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:1
04-03 02:34:35.267: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:21568, U:5184, A:16384, C:8104, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:0
04-03 02:34:35.327: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:21568, U:4977, A:16591, C:207, clearScene, AFTER TRASH COLLECTOR
04-03 02:34:36.067: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:21568, U:13082, A:8486, C:-8105, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:1, s:0, id:0
04-03 02:34:47.177: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:21568, U:4979, A:16589, C:8103, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:0
04-03 02:34:47.277: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:21568, U:4978, A:16590, C:1, clearScene, AFTER TRASH COLLECTOR
04-03 02:34:47.997: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:21568, U:13082, A:8486, C:-8104, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:1, s:1, id:0
04-03 02:34:49.307: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:26224, U:21186, A:5038, C:-3448, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:1, s:1, id:1
04-03 02:34:50.597: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:34328, U:29290, A:5038, C:0, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:1, s:1, id:2
04-03 02:34:51.839: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:37395, A:5037, C:-1, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:1, s:1, id:3
04-03 02:35:00.377: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:29293, A:13139, C:8102, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:3
04-03 02:35:00.387: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:21189, A:21243, C:8104, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:2
04-03 02:35:00.397: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:13085, A:29347, C:8104, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:1
04-03 02:35:00.407: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:4982, A:37450, C:8103, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:0
04-03 02:35:00.449: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:4978, A:37454, C:4, clearScene, AFTER TRASH COLLECTOR
04-03 02:35:01.217: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:13083, A:29349, C:-8105, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:1, s:2, id:0
04-03 02:35:23.458: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:4979, A:37453, C:8104, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:0
04-03 02:35:23.508: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:4978, A:37454, C:1, clearScene, AFTER TRASH COLLECTOR
04-03 02:35:24.777: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:13082, A:29350, C:-8104, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:1, s:3, id:0
04-03 02:35:25.719: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:21186, A:21246, C:-8104, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:1, s:3, id:1
04-03 02:35:26.457: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:29291, A:13141, C:-8105, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:1, s:3, id:2
04-03 02:35:55.008: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:21187, A:21245, C:8104, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:2
04-03 02:35:55.027: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:13083, A:29349, C:8104, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:1
04-03 02:35:55.037: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:4979, A:37453, C:8104, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:0
04-03 02:35:55.077: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:4978, A:37454, C:1, clearScene, AFTER TRASH COLLECTOR
04-03 02:35:55.829: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:13083, A:29349, C:-8105, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:1, s:4, id:0
04-03 02:35:56.427: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:21187, A:21245, C:-8104, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:1, s:4, id:1
04-03 02:36:00.257: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:13083, A:29349, C:8104, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:1
04-03 02:36:00.278: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:4979, A:37453, C:8104, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:0
04-03 02:36:00.318: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:4978, A:37454, C:1, clearScene, AFTER TRASH COLLECTOR
04-03 02:36:01.687: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:13083, A:29349, C:-8105, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:1, s:5, id:0
04-03 02:36:06.437: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:4979, A:37453, C:8104, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:0
04-03 02:36:06.487: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:4978, A:37454, C:1, clearScene, AFTER TRASH COLLECTOR
04-03 02:36:07.777: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:13082, A:29350, C:-8104, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:1, s:6, id:0
04-03 02:36:09.297: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:4978, A:37454, C:8104, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:0
04-03 02:36:09.337: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:4978, A:37454, C:0, clearScene, AFTER TRASH COLLECTOR
04-03 02:36:10.727: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:13082, A:29350, C:-8104, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:1, s:7, id:0
04-03 02:36:20.947: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:4978, A:37454, C:8104, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:0
04-03 02:36:20.987: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:4978, A:37454, C:0, clearScene, AFTER TRASH COLLECTOR
04-03 02:36:22.367: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:13082, A:29350, C:-8104, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:1, s:8, id:0
04-03 02:36:23.317: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:21187, A:21245, C:-8105, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:1, s:8, id:1
04-03 02:36:23.887: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:29291, A:13141, C:-8104, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:1, s:8, id:2
04-03 02:36:26.507: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:21187, A:21245, C:8104, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:2
04-03 02:36:26.517: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:13083, A:29349, C:8104, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:1
04-03 02:36:26.527: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:4979, A:37453, C:8104, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:0
04-03 02:36:26.577: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:4978, A:37454, C:1, clearScene, AFTER TRASH COLLECTOR
04-03 02:36:27.797: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:13083, A:29349, C:-8105, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:1, s:9, id:0
04-03 02:36:29.248: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:4979, A:37453, C:8104, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:0
04-03 02:36:29.287: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:4978, A:37454, C:1, clearScene, AFTER TRASH COLLECTOR
04-03 02:36:30.547: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:13082, A:29350, C:-8104, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:1, s:10, id:0
04-03 02:36:32.177: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:4978, A:37454, C:8104, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:0
04-03 02:36:32.228: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:4978, A:37454, C:0, clearScene, AFTER TRASH COLLECTOR
04-03 02:36:33.467: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:13082, A:29350, C:-8104, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:1, s:11, id:0
04-03 02:36:33.977: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:21187, A:21245, C:-8105, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:1, s:11, id:1
04-03 02:36:34.527: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:29291, A:13141, C:-8104, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:1, s:11, id:2
04-03 02:36:35.058: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:37395, A:5037, C:-8104, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:1, s:11, id:3
04-03 02:36:41.260: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:29291, A:13141, C:8104, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:3
04-03 02:36:41.267: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:21187, A:21245, C:8104, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:2
04-03 02:36:41.278: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:13083, A:29349, C:8104, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:1
04-03 02:36:41.287: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:4979, A:37453, C:8104, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:0
04-03 02:36:41.337: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:4979, A:37453, C:0, clearScene, AFTER TRASH COLLECTOR
04-03 02:36:42.618: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:13083, A:29349, C:-8104, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:2, s:0, id:0
04-03 02:37:00.550: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:4979, A:37453, C:8104, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:0
04-03 02:37:00.587: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:4979, A:37453, C:0, clearScene, AFTER TRASH COLLECTOR
04-03 02:37:01.817: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:13083, A:29349, C:-8104, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:2, s:1, id:0
04-03 02:37:03.347: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:4979, A:37453, C:8104, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:0
04-03 02:37:03.397: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:4979, A:37453, C:0, clearScene, AFTER TRASH COLLECTOR
04-03 02:37:04.607: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:13083, A:29349, C:-8104, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:2, s:2, id:0
04-03 02:37:05.258: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:21187, A:21245, C:-8104, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:2, s:2, id:1
04-03 02:37:07.677: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:13083, A:29349, C:8104, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:1
04-03 02:37:07.687: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:4979, A:37453, C:8104, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:0
04-03 02:37:07.737: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:4979, A:37453, C:0, clearScene, AFTER TRASH COLLECTOR
04-03 02:37:09.017: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:13083, A:29349, C:-8104, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:2, s:3, id:0
04-03 02:37:10.327: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:21187, A:21245, C:-8104, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:2, s:3, id:1
04-03 02:37:13.330: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:13083, A:29349, C:8104, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:1
04-03 02:37:13.337: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:4979, A:37453, C:8104, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:0
04-03 02:37:13.387: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:4979, A:37453, C:0, clearScene, AFTER TRASH COLLECTOR
04-03 02:37:14.697: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:13083, A:29349, C:-8104, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:2, s:4, id:0
04-03 02:37:16.037: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:21187, A:21245, C:-8104, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:2, s:4, id:1
04-03 02:37:17.367: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:29292, A:13140, C:-8105, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:2, s:4, id:2
04-03 02:37:19.087: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:37396, A:5036, C:-8104, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:2, s:4, id:3
04-03 02:37:44.347: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:29293, A:13139, C:8103, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:3
04-03 02:37:44.357: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:21189, A:21243, C:8104, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:2
04-03 02:37:44.367: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:13085, A:29347, C:8104, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:1
04-03 02:37:44.377: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:4981, A:37451, C:8104, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:0
04-03 02:37:44.437: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:4979, A:37453, C:2, clearScene, AFTER TRASH COLLECTOR
04-03 02:37:45.667: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:13083, A:29349, C:-8104, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:2, s:5, id:0
04-03 02:37:46.917: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:21188, A:21244, C:-8105, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:2, s:5, id:1
04-03 02:37:48.167: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:29292, A:13140, C:-8104, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:2, s:5, id:2
04-03 02:37:49.807: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:37396, A:5036, C:-8104, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:2, s:5, id:3
04-03 02:38:08.239: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:29293, A:13139, C:8103, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:3
04-03 02:38:08.258: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:21189, A:21243, C:8104, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:2
04-03 02:38:08.267: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:13086, A:29346, C:8103, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:1
04-03 02:38:08.277: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:4982, A:37450, C:8104, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:0
04-03 02:38:08.317: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:4979, A:37453, C:3, clearScene, AFTER TRASH COLLECTOR
04-03 02:38:09.527: I/MEMORY(1045): nMEM M:42432, U:13083, A:29349, C:-8104, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:2, s:6, id:0

如前所述，ImageView 解绑后内存被清理！

这是我从运行 Android 17 (4.2) 的损坏的 Nexus 7 中收集的日志。真的很难理解这里的内存是如何使用的。从来都不是一致的！有时加载 ImageView 时未分配内存。有时只有在我加载新的 ImageView 时才会清除内存。

图注：M：（最大内存），U：（已用内存），A：（可用内存），C：（可用内存变化），调用日志函数的函数

04-02 22:37:05.866: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:21300, A:44236, C:0, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:0, s:0, id:0
04-02 22:37:06.136: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:29444, A:36092, C:-8144, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:0, s:0, id:1
04-02 22:37:19.806: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:29432, A:36104, C:12, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:1
04-02 22:37:19.806: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:29432, A:36104, C:0, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:0
04-02 22:37:19.836: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:29432, A:36104, C:0, clearScene, AFTER TRASH COLLECTOR
04-02 22:37:20.116: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:37536, A:28000, C:-8104, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:1, s:0, id:0
04-02 22:37:28.456: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:37532, A:28004, C:4, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:0
04-02 22:37:28.486: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:37532, A:28004, C:0, clearScene, AFTER TRASH COLLECTOR
04-02 22:37:28.756: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:37532, A:28004, C:0, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:1, s:1, id:0
04-02 22:37:29.226: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:37532, A:28004, C:0, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:1, s:1, id:1
04-02 22:37:29.706: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:45636, A:19900, C:-8104, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:1, s:1, id:2
04-02 22:37:30.156: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:53740, A:11796, C:-8104, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:1, s:1, id:3
04-02 22:37:38.676: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:53732, A:11804, C:8, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:3
04-02 22:37:38.676: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:53732, A:11804, C:0, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:2
04-02 22:37:38.676: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:53732, A:11804, C:0, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:1
04-02 22:37:38.676: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:53732, A:11804, C:0, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:0
04-02 22:37:38.696: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:53732, A:11804, C:0, clearScene, AFTER TRASH COLLECTOR
04-02 22:37:38.966: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:53732, A:11804, C:0, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:1, s:2, id:0
04-02 22:37:48.156: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:53732, A:11804, C:0, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:0
04-02 22:37:48.216: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:37532, A:28004, C:16200, clearScene, AFTER TRASH COLLECTOR
04-02 22:37:48.676: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:37532, A:28004, C:0, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:1, s:3, id:0
04-02 22:37:49.256: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:37532, A:28004, C:0, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:1, s:3, id:1
04-02 22:37:49.716: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:45636, A:19900, C:-8104, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:1, s:3, id:2
04-02 22:38:07.426: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:45632, A:19904, C:4, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:2
04-02 22:38:07.426: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:45632, A:19904, C:0, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:1
04-02 22:38:07.426: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:45632, A:19904, C:0, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:0
04-02 22:38:07.496: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:45632, A:19904, C:0, clearScene, AFTER TRASH COLLECTOR
04-02 22:38:07.766: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:45632, A:19904, C:0, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:1, s:4, id:0
04-02 22:38:08.096: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:53736, A:11800, C:-8104, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:1, s:4, id:1
04-02 22:38:10.896: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:53736, A:11800, C:0, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:1
04-02 22:38:10.896: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:53736, A:11800, C:0, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:0
04-02 22:38:10.916: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:53736, A:11800, C:0, clearScene, AFTER TRASH COLLECTOR
04-02 22:38:11.436: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:53736, A:11800, C:0, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:1, s:5, id:0
04-02 22:38:19.356: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:53732, A:11804, C:4, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:0
04-02 22:38:19.386: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:45632, A:19904, C:8100, clearScene, AFTER TRASH COLLECTOR
04-02 22:38:19.866: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:45632, A:19904, C:0, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:1, s:6, id:0
04-02 22:38:21.326: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:45632, A:19904, C:0, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:0
04-02 22:38:21.356: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:21300, A:44236, C:24332, clearScene, AFTER TRASH COLLECTOR
04-02 22:38:21.906: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:29404, A:36132, C:-8104, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:1, s:7, id:0
04-02 22:38:24.376: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:29404, A:36132, C:0, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:0
04-02 22:38:24.406: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:29404, A:36132, C:0, clearScene, AFTER TRASH COLLECTOR
04-02 22:38:24.916: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:29404, A:36132, C:0, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:1, s:8, id:0
04-02 22:38:25.496: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:37548, A:27988, C:-8144, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:1, s:8, id:1
04-02 22:38:25.796: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:45652, A:19884, C:-8104, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:1, s:8, id:2
04-02 22:38:28.356: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:45652, A:19884, C:0, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:2
04-02 22:38:28.356: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:45652, A:19884, C:0, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:1
04-02 22:38:28.356: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:45652, A:19884, C:0, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:0
04-02 22:38:28.376: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:45652, A:19884, C:0, clearScene, AFTER TRASH COLLECTOR
04-02 22:38:28.846: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:45652, A:19884, C:0, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:1, s:9, id:0
04-02 22:38:29.926: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:45652, A:19884, C:0, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:0
04-02 22:38:29.956: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:29400, A:36136, C:16252, clearScene, AFTER TRASH COLLECTOR
04-02 22:38:30.416: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:29400, A:36136, C:0, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:1, s:10, id:0
04-02 22:38:31.446: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:29400, A:36136, C:0, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:0
04-02 22:38:31.476: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:21300, A:44236, C:8100, clearScene, AFTER TRASH COLLECTOR
04-02 22:38:31.966: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:29404, A:36132, C:-8104, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:1, s:11, id:0
04-02 22:38:32.226: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:37548, A:27988, C:-8144, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:1, s:11, id:1
04-02 22:38:32.526: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:45652, A:19884, C:-8104, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:1, s:11, id:2
04-02 22:38:32.816: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:53756, A:11780, C:-8104, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:1, s:11, id:3
04-02 22:38:34.396: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:53756, A:11780, C:0, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:3
04-02 22:38:34.396: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:53756, A:11780, C:0, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:2
04-02 22:38:34.396: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:53756, A:11780, C:0, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:1
04-02 22:38:34.396: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:53756, A:11780, C:0, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:0
04-02 22:38:34.426: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:53756, A:11780, C:0, clearScene, AFTER TRASH COLLECTOR
04-02 22:38:34.886: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:53756, A:11780, C:0, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:2, s:0, id:0
04-02 22:38:35.776: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:53756, A:11780, C:0, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:0
04-02 22:38:35.816: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:21300, A:44236, C:32456, clearScene, AFTER TRASH COLLECTOR
04-02 22:38:36.256: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:29404, A:36132, C:-8104, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:2, s:1, id:0
04-02 22:38:36.976: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:29404, A:36132, C:0, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:0
04-02 22:38:37.006: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:29404, A:36132, C:0, clearScene, AFTER TRASH COLLECTOR
04-02 22:38:37.436: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:29404, A:36132, C:0, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:2, s:2, id:0
04-02 22:38:37.816: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:37548, A:27988, C:-8144, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:2, s:2, id:1
04-02 22:38:44.986: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:37532, A:28004, C:16, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:1
04-02 22:38:44.986: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:37532, A:28004, C:0, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:0
04-02 22:38:45.016: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:37532, A:28004, C:0, clearScene, AFTER TRASH COLLECTOR
04-02 22:38:45.496: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:37532, A:28004, C:0, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:2, s:3, id:0
04-02 22:38:45.996: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:45636, A:19900, C:-8104, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:2, s:3, id:1
04-02 22:38:48.306: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:45636, A:19900, C:0, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:1
04-02 22:38:48.306: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:45636, A:19900, C:0, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:0
04-02 22:38:48.336: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:45636, A:19900, C:0, clearScene, AFTER TRASH COLLECTOR
04-02 22:38:48.846: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:45636, A:19900, C:0, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:2, s:4, id:0
04-02 22:38:49.326: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:45636, A:19900, C:0, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:2, s:4, id:1
04-02 22:38:49.856: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:53740, A:11796, C:-8104, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:2, s:4, id:2
04-02 22:38:50.386: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:61844, A:3692, C:-8104, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:2, s:4, id:3
04-02 22:38:59.486: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:61832, A:3704, C:12, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:3
04-02 22:38:59.486: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:61832, A:3704, C:0, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:2
04-02 22:38:59.486: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:61832, A:3704, C:0, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:1
04-02 22:38:59.486: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:61832, A:3704, C:0, clearScene, CLEARED VIEW id:0
04-02 22:38:59.516: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:61832, A:3704, C:0, clearScene, AFTER TRASH COLLECTOR
04-02 22:38:59.936: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:61832, A:3704, C:0, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:2, s:5, id:0
04-02 22:39:00.356: I/MEMORY(15827): jMEM M:65536, U:61832, A:3704, C:0, loadScene, ADDED IMAGE b:2, s:5, id:1

我已经通过
http://developer.android.com/training/displaying-bitmaps/index.html上的“有效显示位图”培训

我也经历过以下stackoverflow问题：
Recycle ImageView's Bitmap
ImageView: automatically recycle bitmap if ImageView is not visible (within ScrollView)
android - out of memory exception when creating bitmap
Bitmap decodeStream OutOfMemory Exception
Detect application heap size in Android
android createBitmap OOM when ((freeMemory > bitmapSize) && (nativeFreeHeap < bitmap size))
android 495KB imagetaking 10MB of Heap size
Android ImageView setImageBitmap
Android Memory Leak 解决方案
 Android custom view Bitmap memory leak

网络上还有更多文章！

澄清一下，这似乎只发生在我的 Nexus 7 中。我的模拟器或 Galaxy Nexus 上没有遇到过这个问题。我认为这可能是由于我正在缩放图像。

请帮我检测内存泄漏在哪里！

***编辑（2013 年 4 月 2 日）请帮助我确定为什么来自运行 Android 10（2.3.3）的模拟器的日志显示系统分配内存和垃圾然后完全按照应有的方式清除，以及来自我的日志运行 Android 17 (4.2) 的 Nexus 7 显示系统分配内存和垃圾收集器显然是随机清除内存？

score 4 · Accepted Answer

我无法确定为什么不同平台之间的内存分配和收集不同，但我能够通过缩小图像以适应可用内存来缓解问题并防止我的应用程序在任何平台上崩溃。

第一个函数确定 Bitmap 内存的存储位置（本机或 Java），然后计算剩余的可用内存（以 KB 为单位）。

private long calcAvailableMemory()
{
    long value = Runtime.getRuntime().maxMemory();
    String type = "";
    if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 11)
    {
        value = value / 1024) - (Runtime.getRuntime().totalMemory() / 1024);
        type = "JAVA";
    }
    else
    {
        value = value / 1024) - (Debug.getNativeHeapAllocatedSize() / 1024);
        type = "NATIVE";
    }
    Log.i(TAG, "calcAvailableMemory, size = " + value + ", type = " + type);
    return value;
}

第二个函数创建一个 ImageView 以附加到布局。Show 对象包含我需要初始化 ImageView 的不同变量，例如尺寸和文件路径等。长 maxImageMemory 是从第一个函数派生的，然后除以我附加到布局的视图数，给我最大数量分配每个位图的内存。

private ImageView newImage(Show show, long maxImageMemory)
{
    ImageView iv = new ImageView(this);
    String filePath = comin.generateFilePath(show);
    Bitmap bmp = scaleBitmap(filePath, maxImageMemory);
    Log.i(TAG, "newImage, id:" + show.id + ", file:" + filePath + ", x:" + bmp.getWidth() + ", y:" + bmp.getHeight());
    iv.setImageBitmap(bmp);
    iv.setScaleType(ImageView.ScaleType.FIT_XY);
    iv.setId(show.id);

    //set visibility
    if (show.visible)
        iv.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
    else
        iv.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);

    //set dimensions
    int width = (app.getWidth() * show.dimX) / 100;
    int height = (app.getHeight() * show.dimY) / 100;
    RelativeLayout.LayoutParams rlp = new RelativeLayout.LayoutParams(width, height);
    iv.setLayoutParams(rlp);

    return iv;
}

第三个函数缩放将加载到函数 2 中创建的 ImageView 中的位图。while 循环是重要的部分，在此我增加样本大小，直到位图所需的内存小于可用的最大内存。

private Bitmap scaleBitmap(String path, long maxImageMemory)
{
    BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options();
    options.inJustDecodeBounds = true;
    BitmapFactory.decodeFile(path, options);

    int sample = 1;
    //Scale image to screen resolution
    if (options.outHeight > app.getHeight() || options.outWidth > app.getWidth())
    {
        int heightRatio = Math.round((float) options.outHeight / (float) app.getHeight());
        int widthRatio = Math.round((float) options.outWidth / (float) app.getWidth());
        sample = heightRatio < widthRatio ? heightRatio : widthRatio;
    }

    //Scale image to stay within memory limitations
    while (calcBitmapSize(options.outWidth, options.outHeight, sample) > maxImageMemory)
    {
        sample++;
    }

    options.inSampleSize = sample;
    options.inPurgeable = true;
    options.inInputShareable = true;
    options.inJustDecodeBounds = false;

    Log.i(TAG, "scaleBitmap, scaleSample = " + sample);
    return BitmapFactory.decodeFile(path, options);
}

第四个函数根据原始分辨率以及建议的样本大小计算位图所需的内存量。

private long calcBitmapSize(int width, int height, int sample)
{
    long value = ((width/sample) * (height/sample) * 4) / 1024;
    Log.i(TAG, "calcBitmapSize, size = " + value);
    return value;
}

最后，我开发了这个功能来帮助解决所有这些内存问题。它根据您运行的 Android 版本记录内存使用情况。

private void logMemory(String callingFunction)
{
    long max = Runtime.getRuntime().maxMemory() / 1024;

    if (debugJavaMemory)
    {
        long used = Runtime.getRuntime().totalMemory() / 1024;
        long available = max - used;
        long change = available - availableJavaMemoryOld;
        if (availableJavaMemoryOld != 0)
            Log.i(TAG_MEMORY, "jMEM M:" + max + ", U:" + used + ", A:" + available + ", C:" + change + ", " + callingFunction);
        availableJavaMemoryOld = available;
    }
    else if (debugNativeMemory)
    {
        long used = Debug.getNativeHeapAllocatedSize() / 1024;
        long available = max - used;
        long change = available - availableNativeMemoryOld;
        if (availableNativeMemoryOld != 0)
            Log.i(TAG_MEMORY, "nMEM M:" + max + ", U:" + used + ", A:" + available + ", C:" + change + ", " + callingFunction);
        availableNativeMemoryOld = available;
    }
}

score 1 · Accepted Answer

几个月前我遇到了这个问题，试试这个，可能会有所帮助：

BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options();
options.inSampleSize = 8;
Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(fis, null, options);

score 0 · Accepted Answer

此链接可能对您有所帮助http://developer.android.com/training/displaying-bitmaps/load-bitmap.html当大型 720x1280 手机的drawable-xhdpi文件夹中的可绘制对象不可用时，也会出现此问题。请交叉检查您使用的可绘制对象是否在正确的可绘制文件夹中。

android - Android 位图内存问题 - 错误：8294416 字节分配内存不足

3 回答 3

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