r - 双向密度图与 r 中选定区域的单向密度图相结合

Question

# data 
set.seed (123)
xvar <- c(rnorm (1000, 50, 30), rnorm (1000, 40, 10), rnorm (1000, 70, 10))
yvar <-   xvar + rnorm (length (xvar), 0, 20)
myd <- data.frame (xvar, yvar)


# density plot for xvar
            upperp = 80   # upper cutoff
            lowerp = 30   # lower cutoff
            x <- myd$xvar
            plot(density(x))
            dens <- density(x)
            x11 <- min(which(dens$x <= lowerp))
            x12 <- max(which(dens$x <= lowerp))
            x21 <- min(which(dens$x > upperp))
            x22 <- max(which(dens$x > upperp))
            with(dens, polygon(x = c(x[c(x11, x11:x12, x12)]),
                y = c(0, y[x11:x12], 0), col = "green"))
             with(dens, polygon(x = c(x[c(x21, x21:x22, x22)]),
                y = c(0, y[x21:x22], 0), col = "red"))
            abline(v = c(mean(x)), lwd = 2, lty = 2, col = "red")
# density plot with yvar
    upperp = 70  # upper cutoff
    lowerp = 30   # lower cutoff
    x <- myd$yvar
    plot(density(x))
    dens <- density(x)
    x11 <- min(which(dens$x <= lowerp))
    x12 <- max(which(dens$x <= lowerp))
    x21 <- min(which(dens$x > upperp))
    x22 <- max(which(dens$x > upperp))
    with(dens, polygon(x = c(x[c(x11, x11:x12, x12)]),
        y = c(0, y[x11:x12], 0), col = "green"))
     with(dens, polygon(x = c(x[c(x21, x21:x22, x22)]),
        y = c(0, y[x21:x22], 0), col = "red"))
    abline(v = c(mean(x)), lwd = 2, lty = 2, col = "red")

我需要绘制两种密度图，我不确定是否有比以下更好的方法：

ggplot(myd,aes(x=xvar,y=yvar))+
    stat_density2d(aes(fill=..level..), geom="polygon") +
    scale_fill_gradient(low="blue", high="green") + theme_bw()

我想将所有三种类型合二为一（我不知道是否可以在 ggplot 中创建双向图），对于解决方案是在 ggplot 中还是在基础中还是在混合中并没有偏好。考虑到 R 的稳健性，我希望这是一个可行的项目。我个人更喜欢 ggplot2。

注意：此图中的下阴影不正确，xvar 和 yvar 图中的红色应始终在下方，绿色应始终在上方，对应于 xy 密度图中的阴影区域。

编辑：对图表的最终期望（感谢 seth 和 jon 的非常接近的答案）（1）删除空间和轴刻度标签等以使其紧凑
（2）网格对齐，以便中间绘图刻度和网格应与侧刻度对齐和地块的标签和大小看起来相同。

Answer 1

这是将多个图与对齐组合的示例：

library(ggplot2)
library(grid)

set.seed (123)
xvar <- c(rnorm (100, 50, 30), rnorm (100, 40, 10), rnorm (100, 70, 10))
yvar <-   xvar + rnorm (length (xvar), 0, 20)
myd <- data.frame (xvar, yvar)

p1 <- ggplot(myd,aes(x=xvar,y=yvar))+
  stat_density2d(aes(fill=..level..), geom="polygon") +
  coord_cartesian(c(0, 150), c(0, 150)) +
  opts(legend.position = "none")

p2 <- ggplot(myd, aes(x = xvar)) + stat_density() +
  coord_cartesian(c(0, 150))
p3 <- ggplot(myd, aes(x = yvar)) + stat_density() + 
  coord_flip(c(0, 150))

gt <- ggplot_gtable(ggplot_build(p1))
gt2 <- ggplot_gtable(ggplot_build(p2))
gt3 <- ggplot_gtable(ggplot_build(p3))

gt1 <- ggplot2:::gtable_add_cols(gt, unit(0.3, "null"), pos = -1)
gt1 <- ggplot2:::gtable_add_rows(gt1, unit(0.3, "null"), pos = 0)

gt1 <- ggplot2:::gtable_add_grob(gt1, gt2$grobs[[which(gt2$layout$name == "panel")]],
                                  1, 4, 1, 4)
gt1 <- ggplot2:::gtable_add_grob(gt1, gt2$grobs[[which(gt2$layout$name == "axis-l")]],
                                 1, 3, 1, 3, clip = "off")

gt1 <- ggplot2:::gtable_add_grob(gt1, gt3$grobs[[which(gt3$layout$name == "panel")]],
                                 4, 6, 4, 6)
gt1 <- ggplot2:::gtable_add_grob(gt1, gt3$grobs[[which(gt3$layout$name == "axis-b")]],
                                 5, 6, 5, 6, clip = "off")
grid.newpage()
grid.draw(gt1)

请注意，这适用于 gglot2 0.9.1，在未来的版本中，您可能会更轻松地做到这一点。

最后

你可以这样做：

library(ggplot2)
library(grid)

set.seed (123)
xvar <- c(rnorm (100, 50, 30), rnorm (100, 40, 10), rnorm (100, 70, 10))
yvar <-   xvar + rnorm (length (xvar), 0, 20)
myd <- data.frame (xvar, yvar)

p1 <- ggplot(myd,aes(x=xvar,y=yvar))+
  stat_density2d(aes(fill=..level..), geom="polygon") +
  geom_polygon(aes(x, y), 
               data.frame(x = c(-Inf, -Inf, 30, 30), y = c(-Inf, 30, 30, -Inf)),
               alpha = 0.5, colour = NA, fill = "red") +
  geom_polygon(aes(x, y), 
               data.frame(x = c(Inf, Inf, 80, 80), y = c(Inf, 80, 80, Inf)),
               alpha = 0.5, colour = NA, fill = "green") +
  coord_cartesian(c(0, 120), c(0, 120)) +
  opts(legend.position = "none")

xd <- data.frame(density(myd$xvar)[c("x", "y")])
p2 <- ggplot(xd, aes(x, y)) + 
  geom_area(data = subset(xd, x < 30), fill = "red") +
  geom_area(data = subset(xd, x > 80), fill = "green") +
  geom_line() +
  coord_cartesian(c(0, 120))

yd <- data.frame(density(myd$yvar)[c("x", "y")])
p3 <- ggplot(yd, aes(x, y)) + 
  geom_area(data = subset(yd, x < 30), fill = "red") +
  geom_area(data = subset(yd, x > 80), fill = "green") +
  geom_line() +
  coord_flip(c(0, 120))

gt <- ggplot_gtable(ggplot_build(p1))
gt2 <- ggplot_gtable(ggplot_build(p2))
gt3 <- ggplot_gtable(ggplot_build(p3))

gt1 <- ggplot2:::gtable_add_cols(gt, unit(0.3, "null"), pos = -1)
gt1 <- ggplot2:::gtable_add_rows(gt1, unit(0.3, "null"), pos = 0)

gt1 <- ggplot2:::gtable_add_grob(gt1, gt2$grobs[[which(gt2$layout$name == "panel")]],
                                  1, 4, 1, 4)
gt1 <- ggplot2:::gtable_add_grob(gt1, gt2$grobs[[which(gt2$layout$name == "axis-l")]],
                                 1, 3, 1, 3, clip = "off")

gt1 <- ggplot2:::gtable_add_grob(gt1, gt3$grobs[[which(gt3$layout$name == "panel")]],
                                 4, 6, 4, 6)
gt1 <- ggplot2:::gtable_add_grob(gt1, gt3$grobs[[which(gt3$layout$name == "axis-b")]],
                                 5, 6, 5, 6, clip = "off")
grid.newpage()
grid.draw(gt1)

Answer 2

正如我上面链接的示例一样，您需要 gridExtra 包。这是你给的g。

g=ggplot(myd,aes(x=xvar,y=yvar))+
    stat_density2d(aes(fill=..level..), geom="polygon") +
    scale_fill_gradient(low="blue", high="green") + theme_bw()

使用 geom_rect 绘制两个区域

gbig=g+geom_rect(data=myd,
        aes(  NULL,
            NULL,
            xmin=0,
            xmax=lowerp,
            ymin=-10,
            ymax=20),
        fill='red',
        alpha=.0051,
        inherit.aes=F)+
  geom_rect(aes(    NULL,
            NULL,
            xmin=upperp,
            xmax=100,
            ymin=upperp,
            ymax=130),
            fill='green',
            alpha=.0051,
            inherit.aes=F)+
  opts(legend.position = "none") 

这是一个简单的 ggplot 直方图；它缺少你的彩色区域，但它们很容易

  dens_top <- ggplot()+geom_density(aes(x))
  dens_right <- ggplot()+geom_density(aes(x))+coord_flip()

制作一个空图来填充角落

  empty <- ggplot()+geom_point(aes(1,1), colour="white")+
              opts(axis.ticks=theme_blank(), 
                   panel.background=theme_blank(), 
                   axis.text.x=theme_blank(), 
                   axis.text.y=theme_blank(),           
                   axis.title.x=theme_blank(), 
                   axis.title.y=theme_blank())

然后使用 grid.arrange 函数：

library(gridExtra)

grid.arrange(dens_top,     empty     , 
             gbig,         dens_right, 
                 ncol=2, 
                 nrow=2, 
                 widths=c(4, 1), 
                 heights=c(1, 4))

不是很漂亮，但想法就在那里。您还必须确保秤也匹配！

Answer 3

基于赛斯的回答（谢谢赛斯，你值得所有的功劳），我改进了提问者提出的一些问题。由于评论太短而无法回答所有问题，我选择将其用作答案本身。 仍然存在一些问题，需要您的帮助：

# data
set.seed (123)
xvar <- c(rnorm (1000, 50, 30), rnorm (1000, 40, 10), rnorm (1000, 70, 10))
yvar <-   xvar + rnorm (length (xvar), 0, 20)
myd <- data.frame (xvar, yvar)

require(ggplot2)

# density plot for xvar
upperp = 80   # upper cutoff
lowerp = 30

中间图

 g=ggplot(myd,aes(x=xvar,y=yvar))+
    stat_density2d(aes(fill=..level..), geom="polygon") +
    scale_fill_gradient(low="blue", high="green") + 
  scale_x_continuous(limits = c(0, 110)) + 
   scale_y_continuous(limits = c(0, 110)) + theme_bw()

geom_rect 两个区域

gbig=g+ geom_rect(data=myd, aes(  NULL,  NULL, xmin=0,  
xmax=lowerp,ymin=0, ymax=20), fill='red', alpha=.0051,inherit.aes=F)+ 
geom_rect(aes(NULL,  NULL,   xmin=upperp,            xmax=110, 
 ymin=upperp,            ymax=110),            fill='green',            
  alpha=.0051,
            inherit.aes=F)+   
  opts(legend.position = "none", 
  plot.margin = unit(rep(0, 4), "lines"))

带阴影区域的顶部直方图

    x.dens <- density(myd$xvar)
    df.dens <- data.frame(x = x.dens$x, y = x.dens$y)

   dens_top <- ggplot()+geom_density(aes(myd$xvar, y = ..density..))
+ scale_x_continuous(limits = c(0, 110)) +
geom_area(data = subset(df.dens, x <= lowerp), aes(x=x,y=y), fill = 'red') 
 +  geom_area(data = subset(df.dens, x >= upperp), aes(x=x,y=y), fill = 'green') 
 +    opts (axis.text.x=theme_blank(), axis.title.x=theme_blank(), 
  plot.margin = unit(rep(0, 4), "lines")) + xlab ("") + ylab ("") +  theme_bw()

带阴影区域的右直方图

   y.dens <- density(myd$yvar)
    df.dens.y <- data.frame(x = y.dens$x, y = y.dens$y)

    dens_right <- ggplot()+geom_density(aes(myd$yvar, y = ..density..))
   + scale_x_continuous(limits = c(0, 110)) +
  geom_area(data = subset(df.dens.y, x <= lowerp), aes(x=x,y=y), 
  fill = 'red') 
  +  geom_area(data = subset(df.dens.y, x >= upperp), aes(x=x,y=y), 
  fill = 'green')
    +      coord_flip() + 


opts (axis.text.x=theme_blank(), axis.title.x=theme_blank(), 
   plot.margin = unit(rep(0, 4), "lines")) + xlab ("") + ylab ("") 
   +  theme_bw()

制作一个空图来填充角落

       empty <- ggplot()+geom_point(aes(1,1), colour="white")+ 
       scale_x_continuous(breaks = NA) + scale_y_continuous(breaks = NA) +
              opts(axis.ticks=theme_blank(),
                   panel.background=theme_blank(),
                   axis.text.x=theme_blank(),
                   axis.text.y=theme_blank(),
                   axis.title.x=theme_blank(),
                   axis.title.y=theme_blank())

然后使用 grid.arrange 函数：

library(gridExtra)
 grid.arrange(dens_top, empty , gbig, dens_right, ncol=2,nrow=2,
 widths=c(2, 1), heights=c(1, 2))

PS：（1）有人可以帮助完美对齐图表吗？(2) 有人可以帮助删除图之间的额外空间，我尝试调整边距 - 但 x 和 y 密度图和中心图之间有空间。