我有一组 x 点对沿 x 轴绘制线段,以在 R 中创建自定义读取映射:
绘制这些线段的一半任务是确定它们的 y 位置,以便没有两个重叠的线段在同一 y 水平上。对于每个段,我从第一个位置迭代 y 级,直到到达一个尚未包含与当前段重叠的段的位置。然后我记录当前段的结束位置并移动到下一个。
实际代码是一个函数,如下:
# Dummy data
# A list of start and end positions for each segment along the X axis. Sorted by start.
# Passing the function few.reads draws a map in half a second. Passing it many.reads takes about half an hour to complete.
few.reads <- data.frame( start=c(rep(10,150), rep(16,100), rep(43,50)), end=c(rep(30,150), rep(34,100), rep(57,50)) );
many.reads <- data.frame( start=c(rep(10,15000), rep(16,10000), rep(43,5000)), end=c(rep(30,15000), rep(34,10000), rep(57,5000)) );
#---
# A function to draw a series of overlapping segments (or "reads" in my along
# The x-axis. Where reads overlap, they are "stacked" down the y axis
#---
drawReads <- function(reads){
# sort the reads by their start positions
reads <- reads[order(reads$start),];
# minimum and maximum for x axis
minstart <- min(reads$start);
maxend <- max(reads$end);
# initialise yread: a list to keep track of used y levels
yread <- c(minstart - 1);
ypos <- c(); #holds the y position of the ith segment
#---
# This iteration step is the bottleneck. Worst case, when all reads are stacked on top
# of each other, it has to iterate over many y levels to find the correct position for
# the later reads
#---
# iterate over segments
for (r in 1:nrow(reads)){
read <- reads[r,];
start <- read$start;
placed <- FALSE;
# iterate through yread to find the next availible
# y pos at this x pos (start)
y <- 1;
while(!placed){
if(yread[y] < start){
ypos[r] <- y;
yread[y] <- read$end;
placed <- TRUE;
}
# current y pos is used by another segment, increment
y <- y + 1;
# initialize another y pos if we're at the end of the list
if(y > length(yread)){
yread[y] <- minstart-1;
}
}
}
#---
# This is the plotting step
# Once we are here the rest of the process is very quick
#---
# find the maximum y pos that is used to size up the plot
maxy <- length(yread);
miny = 1;
reads$ypos <- ypos + miny;
print("New Plot...")
# Now we have all the information, start the plot
plot.new();
plot.window(xlim=c(minstart, maxend+((maxend-minstart)/10)), ylim=c(1,maxy));
axis(3,xaxp=c(minstart,maxend,(maxend-minstart)/10));
axis(2, yaxp=c(miny,maxy,3),tick=FALSE,labels=FALSE);
print("Draw the reads...");
maxy <- max(reads$ypos);
segments(reads$start, maxy-reads$ypos, reads$end, maxy-reads$ypos, col="blue");
}
我的实际数据集非常大,据我所知,它包含的区域最多可以有 600000 次读取。读取会自然堆叠在一起,因此很容易实现最坏的情况,即所有读取都相互重叠。绘制大量读取所花费的时间对我来说是不可接受的,因此我正在寻找一种方法来提高该过程的效率。我可以用更快的东西替换我的循环吗?有没有一种算法可以更快地安排读取?我现在真的想不出更好的方法来做到这一点。
谢谢你的帮助。