我想使用顶点缓冲区对象 (VBO) 来改进我在 iPhone 的 Open GL ES 1.1 游戏中对有些复杂模型的渲染。在阅读了关于 SO 和这个(http://playcontrol.net/ewing/jibberjabber/opengl_vertex_buffer_object.html)教程的几篇文章之后,我仍然无法理解 VBO 以及如何根据我的 Cheetah 3D 导出模型格式来实现它们。有人可以给我一个实现 VBO 并使用它来绘制具有给定数据结构的顶点并解释语法的示例吗?我非常感谢任何帮助!
#define body_vertexcount 434
#define body_polygoncount 780
// The vertex data is saved in the following format:
// u0,v0,normalx0,normaly0,normalz0,x0,y0,z0
float body_vertex[body_vertexcount][8]={
{0.03333, 0.00000, -0.68652, -0.51763, 0.51063, 0.40972, -0.25028, -1.31418},
{...},
{...}
}
GLushort body_index[body_polygoncount][3]={
{0, 1, 2},
{2, 3, 0}
}
我在 Pro OpenGL ES (Appress) 第 9 章的帮助下编写了以下代码。我正在使用 DrawElements 命令获取 EXC_BAD_ACCESS,但我不知道为什么。有人可以阐明一下吗?谢谢 -
// First thing we do is create / setup the index buffer
glGenBuffers(1, &bodyIBO);
glBindBuffer(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, bodyIBO);
// For constrast, instead of glBufferSubData and glMapBuffer,
// we can directly supply the data in one-shot
glBufferData(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, body_polygoncount*sizeof(GLubyte), body_index, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
// Define our data structure
int numXYZElements = 3;
int numNormalElements = 3;
int numTextureCoordElements = 2;
long totalXYZBytes;
long totalNormalBytes;
long totalTexCoordinateBytes;
int numBytesPerVertex;
// Allocate a new buffer
glGenBuffers(1, &bodyVBO);
// Bind the buffer object to use
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, bodyVBO);
// Tally up the size of the data components
numBytesPerVertex = numXYZElements;
numBytesPerVertex += numNormalElements;
numBytesPerVertex += numTextureCoordElements;
numBytesPerVertex *= sizeof(GLfloat);
// Actually allocate memory on the GPU ( Data is static here )
glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, numBytesPerVertex * body_vertexcount, 0, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
// Upload data to the cache ( memory mapping )
GLubyte *vboBuffer = (GLubyte *)glMapBufferOES(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, GL_WRITE_ONLY_OES);
// Caclulate the total number of bytes for each data type
totalXYZBytes = numXYZElements * body_vertexcount * sizeof(GLfloat);
totalNormalBytes = numNormalElements * body_vertexcount * sizeof(GLfloat);
totalTexCoordinateBytes = numTextureCoordElements * body_vertexcount * sizeof(GLfloat);
// Set the total bytes property for the body
self.bodyTotalBytes = totalXYZBytes + totalNormalBytes + totalTexCoordinateBytes;
// Setup the copy of the buffer(s) using memcpy()
memcpy(vboBuffer, body_vertex, self.bodyTotalBytes);
// Perform the actual copy
glUnmapBufferOES(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER);
以下是我遇到异常的绘图命令:
// Activate the VBOs to draw
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, bodyVBO);
glBindBuffer(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, bodyIBO);
// Setup drawing
glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_2D);
glClientActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D,lightGreyInt);
// Setup pointers
glVertexPointer(3, GL_FLOAT, sizeof(vertexStruct), (char *)NULL + 0 );
glTexCoordPointer(2, GL_FLOAT, sizeof(vertexStruct), (char *)NULL + 12 );
glNormalPointer(GL_FLOAT, sizeof(vertexStruct), (char *)NULL + 24 );
// Now draw the body
glDrawElements(GL_TRIANGLES, body_polygoncount,GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT, (GLvoid*)((char*)NULL));
//glDrawElements(GL_TRIANGLES, body_polygoncount, GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT, nil);
//glDrawElements(GL_TRIANGLES,body_polygoncount*3,GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT,body_index);