为准备好做我的第一次感到兴奋,我在我的 cygwin 环境中git push
创建了一个别名:PuTTY
alias ssh="/cygdrive/c/PROGRA~2/putty/PUTTY.EXE"
然后调用(当然是在我的工作目录中),正如git community book第 47 页中所述:
git push ssh://mylinuxserver/~winwin/gitrepo master:master
我的兴奋并没有持续很长时间,因为它立即因致命错误而失败:
error: cannot run ssh: No such file or directory
fatal: unable to fork
考虑到我能够从相同的命令行和 shell 实例成功运行,ssh winwin@mylinuxserver
我很惊讶收到此错误消息。
知道为什么会发生这种情况以及如何解决这个问题吗?
更新 I:感谢本指南,我发现 PUTTY.EXE 不是在 git 中使用的正确 exe。相反,应该使用PLINK.EXE。
该指南还暗示应该使用名为 GIT_SSH 的环境变量让 git 知道如何发挥作用。所以我:
~/sb/ws> export GIT_SSH=/cygdrive/c/PROGRA~2/putty/PLINK.EXE
~/sb/ws> git push ssh://mylinuxserver/~winwin/gitrepo master:master
现在我收到一个不同的错误:
fatal: The remote end hung up unexpectedly
我认为这个进展是正确的,但我仍然不知道如何解决这个问题。任何想法将不胜感激。
更新二:仍在尝试解决这个谜团。这一次我怀疑由于git push
没有在任何地方提示输入用户名+密码,身份验证必须在密钥中......所以,我根据这个 howtosshd
仔细检查了配置。我发现唯一需要更改的是取消注释行并重新启动服务。在那之后的第一次,确实提示确认服务器的 dss 密钥指纹,我确认将密钥存储在缓存中,但是......问题仍然存在:HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key
/etc/ssh/sshd_config
service sshd restart
$GIT_SSH
fatal: The remote end hung up unexpectedly
额外的想法?
(PuTTY 的注册表现在包含同一服务器的两个键:rsa2@22:mylinuxserver
和dss@22:mylinuxserver
。嗯……我不确定这是什么意思)
更多诊断信息:打字$GIT_SSH -v
产生:
~/sb/ws> $GIT_SSH -v
Looking up host "mylinuxserver"
Connecting to 192.168.1.2 port 22
Server version: SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_4.2
We claim version: SSH-2.0-PuTTY_Release_0.60
Using SSH protocol version 2
Doing Diffie-Hellman group exchange
Doing Diffie-Hellman key exchange with hash SHA-1
Host key fingerprint is:
ssh-dss 1024 c8:77:42:4f:76:29:56:4c:ea:b0:11:6a:a6:3c:6a:f7
Initialised AES-256 SDCTR client->server encryption
Initialised HMAC-SHA1 client->server MAC algorithm
Initialised AES-256 SDCTR server->client encryption
Initialised HMAC-SHA1 server->client MAC algorithm
login as: winwin
winwin@mylinuxserver's password:
Sent password
Access granted
Opened channel for session
Allocated pty (ospeed 38400bps, ispeed 38400bps)
Started a shell/command
Last login: Wed Jul 13 21:41:12 2011 from winmachine
你能发现任何可疑的东西吗?
到达那里:到目前为止,我的情况最好的指南:Git、SSH、PuTTY。
见解:
$GIT_SSH -agent
必须运行一次- PAGEANT.EXE 必须在后台运行(并通过其系统托盘图标将私钥添加到其中!)
- 必须使用 PUTTYGEN.EXE 生成公钥/私钥对
- dss 不是强制性的,rsa 就足够了。
- 更多?(除非
$GIT_SSH -2 -C -i C:\\Users\\winwin\\SSH\\private.ppk
在没有密码提示的情况下成功,否则甚至尝试都没有意义git push
......)
在将公钥从 PuTTY 密钥生成器复制并粘贴到新消息后,响应上述见解 #5 中的命令出现/home/winwin/.ssh/authorized_keys
了mylinuxserver
一条新消息:
Server refused our key
这是一个好兆头...... :) 我想我正在解开这个谜团。
更新三:在 sshd 服务器上更改StrictModes
为no in后/etc/ssh/sshd_config
,我成功地使用$GIT_SSH -2 -C -i C:\\Users\\winwin\\SSH\\private.ppk
. 不过,它仍然提示输入用户名(但不提示输入密码)。
git push ssh://mylinuxserver/~winwin/gitrepo master:master
但是仍然失败 - 带有相同的错误消息:
fatal: The remote end hung up unexpectedly
疯了吧。
更新 IV: PLINK的-l username
参数是关键。git push
通过创建一个 1 行 shell 脚本/cygdrive/c/PROGRA~2/putty/PLINK.EXE -l winwin $*
并将整个脚本的路径导出到,我设法成功登录$GIT_SSH
,但“远程端仍然意外挂断”。
这就是我在客户端(Windows/PuTTY)方面得到的:
~/sb/ws> git push ssh://mylinuxserver/~winwin/gitrepo master:master
Environment:
USER=winwin
LOGNAME=winwin
HOME=/home/winwin
PATH=/usr/local/bin:/bin:/usr/bin
MAIL=/var/mail/winwin
SHELL=/bin/bash
SSH_CLIENT=192.168.1.8 50951 22
SSH_CONNECTION=192.168.1.8 50951 192.168.14.2 22
bash: mylinuxserver: command not found
fatal: The remote end hung up unexpectedly
这就是我在服务器端(Linux/sshd)端得到的:
debug1: sshd version OpenSSH_4.2p1
debug1: read PEM private key done: type RSA
debug1: private host key: #0 type 1 RSA
debug1: read PEM private key done: type DSA
debug1: private host key: #1 type 2 DSA
debug1: rexec_argv[0]='/usr/sbin/sshd'
debug1: rexec_argv[1]='-d'
debug1: Bind to port 22 on ::.
Server listening on :: port 22.
debug1: Bind to port 22 on 0.0.0.0.
Bind to port 22 on 0.0.0.0 failed: Address already in use.
debug1: Server will not fork when running in debugging mode.
debug1: rexec start in 4 out 4 newsock 4 pipe -1 sock 7
debug1: inetd sockets after dupping: 3, 3
Connection from 192.168.1.8 port 50951
debug1: Client protocol version 2.0; client software version PuTTY_Release_0.60
debug1: no match: PuTTY_Release_0.60
debug1: Enabling compatibility mode for protocol 2.0
debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_4.2
debug1: permanently_set_uid: 74/74
debug1: list_hostkey_types: ssh-rsa,ssh-dss
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received
debug1: kex: client->server aes256-ctr hmac-sha1 none
debug1: kex: server->client aes256-ctr hmac-sha1 none
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REQUEST_OLD received
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_GROUP sent
debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_INIT
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REPLY sent
debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent
debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS
debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received
debug1: KEX done
debug1: userauth-request for user winwin service ssh-connection method none
debug1: attempt 0 failures 0
debug1: PAM: initializing for "winwin"
debug1: PAM: setting PAM_RHOST to "win7client"
debug1: PAM: setting PAM_TTY to "ssh"
Failed none for winwin from 192.168.1.8 port 50951 ssh2
debug1: userauth-request for user winwin service ssh-connection method publickey
debug1: attempt 1 failures 1
debug1: test whether pkalg/pkblob are acceptable
debug1: temporarily_use_uid: 513/513 (e=0/0)
debug1: trying public key file /home/winwin/.ssh/authorized_keys
debug1: matching key found: file /home/winwin/.ssh/authorized_keys, line 1
Found matching RSA key: bd:a6:4a:6a:04:43:8d:60:d9:bf:66:de:51:13:83:66
debug1: restore_uid: 0/0
Postponed publickey for winwin from 192.168.1.8 port 50951 ssh2
debug1: userauth-request for user winwin service ssh-connection method publickey
debug1: attempt 2 failures 1
debug1: temporarily_use_uid: 513/513 (e=0/0)
debug1: trying public key file /home/winwin/.ssh/authorized_keys
debug1: matching key found: file /home/winwin/.ssh/authorized_keys, line 1
Found matching RSA key: bd:a6:4a:6a:04:43:8d:60:d9:bf:66:de:51:13:83:66
debug1: restore_uid: 0/0
debug1: ssh_rsa_verify: signature correct
debug1: do_pam_account: called
Accepted publickey for winwin from 192.168.1.8 port 50951 ssh2
debug1: monitor_child_preauth: winwin has been authenticated by privileged process
Accepted publickey for winwin from 192.168.1.8 port 50951 ssh2
debug1: PAM: reinitializing credentials
debug1: permanently_set_uid: 513/513
debug1: Entering interactive session for SSH2.
debug1: server_init_dispatch_20
debug1: server_input_channel_open: ctype session rchan 256 win 16384 max 16384
debug1: input_session_request
debug1: channel 0: new [server-session]
debug1: session_new: init
debug1: session_new: session 0
debug1: session_open: channel 0
debug1: session_open: session 0: link with channel 0
debug1: server_input_channel_open: confirm session
debug1: server_input_channel_req: channel 0 request exec reply 1
debug1: session_by_channel: session 0 channel 0
debug1: session_input_channel_req: session 0 req exec
debug1: Received SIGCHLD.
debug1: session_by_pid: pid 3441
debug1: session_exit_message: session 0 channel 0 pid 3441
debug1: session_exit_message: release channel 0
debug1: session_close: session 0 pid 3441
debug1: channel 0: free: server-session, nchannels 1
Connection closed by 192.168.1.8
debug1: do_cleanup
debug1: PAM: cleanup
Closing connection to 192.168.1.8
debug1: PAM: cleanup
需要最后的线索...
- 是什么
bash: mylinuxserver: command not found
意思? - 什么在
git push
试图运行? - 哪个命令?
- 在客户端还是 SSH 服务器上?