我已经将运动方程(牛顿定律)用于简单的弹簧和质量场景,并将其合并到给定的第二个 ODE 方程 y" + (k/m)x = 0; y(0) = 3; y'(0) = 0。
使用欧拉法和精确解法解决问题,我已经能够运行并收到一些ok的结果。但是,当我执行结果图时,我会在我所追求的振荡结果上得到这条对角线。
任何人都可以帮助指出导致此问题的原因,以及我该如何解决?
我的代码:
%matplotlib inline
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from sympy import Function, dsolve, Eq, Derivative, sin, cos, symbols
from sympy.abc import x, i
import math
# Given is y" + (k/m)x = 0; y(0) = 3; y'(0) = 0
# Parameters
h = 0.01; #Step Size
t = 50.0; #Time(sec)
k = 1; #Spring Stiffness
m = 1; #Mass
x0 = 3;
v0 = 0;
# Exact Analytical Solution
x_exact = x0*cos(math.sqrt(k/m)*t);
v_exact = -x0*math.sqrt(k/m)*sin(math.sqrt(k/m)*t);
# Eulers Method
x = np.zeros( int( t/h ) );
v = np.zeros( int( t/h ) );
x[1] = x0;
v[1] = v0;
x_exact = np.zeros( int( t/h ) );
v_exact = np.zeros( int( t/h ) );
te = np.zeros( int( t/h ) );
x_exact[1] = x0;
v_exact[1] = v0;
#print(len(x));
for i in range(1, int(t/h) - 1): #MAIN LOOP
x[i+1] = x[i] + h*v[i];
v[i+1] = v[i] - h*k/m*x[i];
te[i] = i * h
x_exact[i] = x0*cos(math.sqrt(k/m)* te[i]);
v_exact[i] = -x0*math.sqrt(k/m)*sin(math.sqrt(k/m)* te[i]);
# print(x_exact[i], '\t'*2, x[i]);
#plot
%config InlineBackend.figure_format = 'svg'
plt.plot(te, x_exact, te ,v_exact)
plt.title("DISPLACEMENT")
plt.xlabel("Time (s)")
plt.ylabel("Displacement (m)")
plt.grid(linewidth=0.3)