您必须将项目中的 kotlin 文件关联起来,因为您的项目的包是结构化的,但导入应该保持不变。在这种情况下,我使用 Dagger-Hilt 进行依赖注入以避免样板代码。
ItemsYouAreStoringInDB.kt
import androidx.room.Entity
import androidx.room.PrimaryKey
@Entity(tableName = "items")
data class ItemsYouAreStoringInDB(/*Parameter of Item entry*/) {
@PrimaryKey(autoGenerate = true)
var id: Int? = null
}
你的道.kt
import androidx.room.*
@Dao
interface YourDAO {
// Other insertion/deletion/query operations
@Query("SELECT count(id) FROM items") // items is the table in the @Entity tag of ItemsYouAreStoringInDB.kt, id is a primary key which ensures each entry in DB is unique
suspend fun numberOfItemsInDB() : Int // suspend keyword to run in coroutine
}
你的数据库.kt
import androidx.room.Database
import androidx.room.RoomDatabase
@Database(
entities = [ItemsYouAreStoringInDB::class], // Tell the database the entries will hold data of this type
version = 1
)
abstract class YourDatabase : RoomDatabase() {
abstract fun getYourDao(): YourDAO
}
使用 Dagger-Hilt 进行依赖注入,可以创建 YourRepository,因为 Dagger-Hilt 在后台通过 YourDatabase 的抽象乐趣 getYourDao()
YourRepository.kt提供 notificationDao
import path.to.ItemsYouAreStoringInDB
import path.to.YourDAO
import javax.inject.Inject // Dagger-Hilt to allow @Inject constructor
class YourRepository @Inject constructor(
private val yourDAO: YourDAO
){
// Other functions from YourDao.kt
suspend fun numberOfItemsInDB() = yourDAO.numberOfItemsInDB()
}
这不是关于如何使用 Dagger-Hilt 的演示,但需要以下两个文件:
应用模块.kt
import android.content.Context
import androidx.room.Room
import dagger.Module
import dagger.Provides
import dagger.hilt.InstallIn
import dagger.hilt.components.SingletonComponent
import dagger.hilt.android.qualifiers.ApplicationContext
import path.to.YourDatabase
import javax.inject.Singleton
@Module
@InstallIn(SingletonComponent::class)
object AppModule {
@Singleton // Tell Dagger-Hilt to create a singleton accessible everywhere in ApplicationCompenent (i.e. everywhere in the application)
@Provides
fun provideYourDatabase(
@ApplicationContext app: Context
) = Room.databaseBuilder(
app,
YourDatabase::class.java,
"your_db_name"
).build() // The reason we can construct a database for the repo
@Singleton
@Provides
fun provideYourDao(db: YourDatabase) = db.getYourDao() // The reason we can implement a Dao for the database
基础应用程序.kt
import android.app.Application
import dagger.hilt.android.HiltAndroidApp
@HiltAndroidApp
class BaseApplication : Application() {}
您还需要更新 AndroidManifest 文件并选择 BaseApplication 作为应用程序入口点<application android:name="path.to.BaseApplication" ...
,以允许 Android 利用 Dagger-Hilt。
继续...
你的视图模型.kt
import dagger.hilt.android.lifecycle.HiltViewModel
import androidx.lifecycle.ViewModel
import path.to.YourRepository
@HiltViewModel
class MainViewModel @Inject constructor(
private val repository: YourRepository
): ViewModel() {
suspend fun databaseSize() : Int {
return repository.numberOfItemsInDB()
}
}
现在您的视图模型可以创建并且可以在整个应用程序中作为单例访问(不能存在两个实例),您可以在片段/活动中使用它。viewmodel 可以访问存储库,该存储库可以通过查询 Room 数据库来接收信息。这是一个如何在片段中使用它的示例:
你的片段.kt
@AndroidEntryPoint // Dagger-Hilt requirement
class YourFragment : Fragment(R.layout.fragment_yourFragmentName) {
private val viewModel: MainViewModel by viewModels()
override fun onViewCreated(view: View, savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState)
setViewsBasedOnRepo() // You might want to call this in onResume()
}
private fun setViewsBasedOnRepo() {
GlobalScope.launch(Dispatchers.Main) { // Dispatchers.Main because only the Main thread can touch UI elements. Otherwise you may wish to use Dispatchers.IO instead!
val size =
withContext(Dispatchers.Default) { viewModel.databaseSize() }
if (size == 0) { // Do stuff based on an empty database
btnAddItemsToDB.visibility = View.VISIBLE
textViewWarnNoItemsInDB.visibility = View.VISIBLE
recyclerViewItems.visibility = View.INVISIBLE
} else { // Do other stuff when database has entries of type ItemsYouAreStoringInDB
btnAddItemsToDB.visibility = View.INVISIBLE
textViewWarnNoItemsInDB.visibility = View.INVISIBLE
rvNotifications.visibility = View.VISIBLE
}
}
}
}