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我是 Python 的初学者,我对这个任务有疑问:

  • 编写一个函数,使用定点迭代找到用户数学函数的根。
  • 使用此函数查找以下的根:x^3 + x - 1
  • 用迭代算法的步数画出根近似的依赖关系图。

这是我第一次使用 Python,所以我真的需要帮助。这是我的代码,但它不起作用:

import math
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np

def fixedp (function, x0, min = 0.001, max = 100):
  i = 0
  e = 1
  xp = []
  while (e > min and i < max):
    x = function(x0)
    e = norm(x0 - x)
    x0 = x
    xp.append(x0)
    i = i + 1
  return x, xp

fx = input("Wrote function : ")
function = lambda x: eval(fx)

x_start = 0.5
xf,xp = fixedp(function, x_start)

x = linspace(0,2,100)
y = function(x)
plot(x, y, xp, function(xp), 'bo', x_start, f(x_start), 'ro', xf, f(xf), 'go', x, x, 'k')
show()
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1 回答 1

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首先,我会注意到您的代码逻辑很棒并且可以正常工作。缩进和语法存在一些问题,所以我重写了您的代码。

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
from typing import Tuple, List
from math import *


def iteration(given_function, x0, min_error=0.001, max_iteration=3) -> Tuple[float, List]:
    i = 0
    error = 1
    xp = []
    x = None
    while error > min_error and i < max_iteration:
        x = given_function(x0)
        error = abs(x0 - x)
        x0 = x
        xp.append(x0)
        i += 1
    print(xp)
    return x, xp


def plot(xf, xp, x_start, given_function):
    function_v = np.vectorize(given_function)

    x = np.linspace(0, 2, 100)
    y = function_v(x)
    plt.plot(x, y)
    plt.plot(xp, function_v(xp), 'bo')
    plt.plot(x_start, given_function(x_start), 'ro')
    plt.plot(xf, given_function(xf), 'go')
    plt.plot(x, x, 'k')
    plt.show()


def main():
    fx = input("Write function: ")
    given_function = lambda x: eval(fx)

    x_start = 0.9
    xf, xp = iteration(given_function, x_start)

    plot(xf, xp, x_start, given_function)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

祝你以后在 Python 上好运!

于 2020-04-08T15:23:00.827 回答