19

我正在尝试从 HTML 表单提交数据并使用 Pydantic 模型对其进行验证。

使用此代码

from fastapi import FastAPI, Form
from pydantic import BaseModel
from starlette.responses import HTMLResponse


app = FastAPI()

@app.get("/form", response_class=HTMLResponse)
def form_get():
    return '''<form method="post"> 
    <input type="text" name="no" value="1"/> 
    <input type="text" name="nm" value="abcd"/> 
    <input type="submit"/> 
    </form>'''


class SimpleModel(BaseModel):
    no: int
    nm: str = ""

@app.post("/form", response_model=SimpleModel)
def form_post(form_data: SimpleModel = Form(...)):
    return form_data

但是,我收到 HTTP 错误:“无法处理的422实体”

{
    "detail": [
        {
            "loc": [
                "body",
                "form_data"
            ],
            "msg": "field required",
            "type": "value_error.missing"
        }
    ]
}

等效的 curl 命令(由 Firefox 生成)是

curl 'http://localhost:8001/form' -H 'Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded' --data 'no=1&nm=abcd'

此处请求正文包含no=1&nm=abcd.

我究竟做错了什么?

4

4 回答 4

30

我找到了一个解决方案,可以帮助我们将 Pydantic 与 FastAPI 表单一起使用 :)

我的代码:

class AnyForm(BaseModel):
    any_param: str
    any_other_param: int = 1

    @classmethod
    def as_form(
        cls,
        any_param: str = Form(...),
        any_other_param: int = Form(1)
    ) -> AnyForm:
        return cls(any_param=any_param, any_other_param=any_other_param)

@router.post('')
async def any_view(form_data: AnyForm = Depends(AnyForm.as_form)):
        ...

它在 Swagger 中以通常的形式显示。

作为装饰器,它可以更通用:

import inspect
from typing import Type

from fastapi import Form
from pydantic import BaseModel
from pydantic.fields import ModelField

def as_form(cls: Type[BaseModel]):
    new_parameters = []

    for field_name, model_field in cls.__fields__.items():
        model_field: ModelField  # type: ignore

        new_parameters.append(
             inspect.Parameter(
                 model_field.alias,
                 inspect.Parameter.POSITIONAL_ONLY,
                 default=Form(...) if not model_field.required else Form(model_field.default),
                 annotation=model_field.outer_type_,
             )
         )

    async def as_form_func(**data):
        return cls(**data)

    sig = inspect.signature(as_form_func)
    sig = sig.replace(parameters=new_parameters)
    as_form_func.__signature__ = sig  # type: ignore
    setattr(cls, 'as_form', as_form_func)
    return cls

用法看起来像

class Test1(BaseModel):
    a: str
    b: int


@as_form
class Test(BaseModel):
    param: str
    test: List[Test1]
    test1: Test1
    b: int = 1
    a: str = '2342'


@router.post('/me', response_model=Test)
async def me(request: Request, form: Test = Depends(Test.as_form)):
    return form
于 2020-03-13T12:37:36.677 回答
2

您可以使用如下数据形式:

@app.post("/form", response_model=SimpleModel)
def form_post(no: int = Form(...),nm: str = Form(...)):
    return SimpleModel(no=no,nm=nm)
于 2020-02-11T20:47:50.697 回答
2

如果您只想将表单数据抽象为一个类,则可以使用普通类来完成

from fastapi import Form, Depends

class AnyForm:
    def __init__(self, any_param: str = Form(...), any_other_param: int = Form(1)):
        self.any_param = any_param
        self.any_other_param = any_other_param

    def __str__(self):
        return "AnyForm " + str(self.__dict__)

@app.post('/me')
async def me(form: AnyForm = Depends()):
    print(form)
    return form

它也可以变成一个 Pydantic 模型

from uuid import UUID, uuid4
from fastapi import Form, Depends
from pydantic import BaseModel

class AnyForm(BaseModel):
    id: UUID
    any_param: str
    any_other_param: int

    def __init__(self, any_param: str = Form(...), any_other_param: int = Form(1)):
        id = uuid4()
        super().__init__(id, any_param, any_other_param)

@app.post('/me')
async def me(form: AnyForm = Depends()):
    print(form)
    return form
于 2020-04-15T02:24:59.380 回答
0

我实现了在这里找到的解决方案Mause 解决方案,它似乎有效

    从 fastapi.testclient 导入 TestClient
    从 fastapi 导入 FastAPI,依赖,表单
    从 pydantic 导入 BaseModel
    
    
    应用程序 = FastAPI()
    
    
    def form_body(cls):
        cls.__signature__ = cls.__signature__.replace(
            参数=[
                arg.replace(default=Form(...))
                对于 cls.__signature__.parameters.values() 中的 arg
            ]
        )
        返回 cls
    
    
    @form_body
    类项目(BaseModel):
        名称:str
        另一个:str
    
    
    @app.post('/test', response_model=Item)
    def端点(项目:项目=依赖(项目)):
        归还物品
    
    
    tc = TestClient(app)
    
    
    r = tc.post('/test', data={'name': 'name', 'another': 'another'})
    
    断言 r.status_code == 200
    断言 r.json() == {'name': 'name', 'another': 'another'}

于 2021-01-03T07:24:58.500 回答