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我目前正在为工作项目设置文件上传。上传的文件应包含具有必要数据和所有变体（例如大小或长度）的所有项目。问题是，我无法将变体数据导出到与一般项目数据相同的文件中，所以我想，因为我已经使用 powershell 脚本处理和上传，我可以在使用 powershell 上传结果之前合并这两个文件作为好。

以下是两个 CSV 文件的标题：

feed_file
Artikelnummer,EAN,Hersteller,Produktname,EKPreis,UVP,Produktbeschreibung,ProduktURL,BildURL,Bestand

variant_file
"VaterArtikelnummer";"Artikelnummer";"UVP";"Bestand";"Variationsname1";"Variationsname2";"Variationsname3";"Variationswertname1";"Variationswertname2";"Variationswertname3";"EKPreis"

“Artikelnummer”是这两个文件的通用键，因为它包含每个文件仅出现一次的唯一编号，并且变体文件中的大多数（但不是全部）条目也存在于基本提要文件中。

这是合并过程的代码（因为它目前不工作，它仍然包含在它自己的文件中，所以没有其他代码可能会干扰它）：

# Set the base path for the script and all relevant files
$path = "C:/path/to/files/and/script"

# Get the most recent item and variation csv files and import them
$feed_file = Import-Csv (get-childitem -path "$path/files/article/*" -Include *.csv | Sort-Object CreationTime -Descending | Select-Object -first 1)
$variant_file = Import-Csv (get-childitem -path "$path/jtlExport/*" -Include Export_*.csv | Sort-Object CreationTime -Descending | Select-Object -first 1) -Delimiter ";"

<# Generate an output where the following is true:
    - Any item that is not a variant (not in $variant_file) gets assigned the already present data from $feed_file and appropriate empty columns at the end
    - Any item that is a variant gets assigned the full data set, including any information about the variant
#>
$output = Foreach($item in $feed_file){
    $variant_file | Where-Object Artikelnummer -eq $item.Artikelnummer -ov result
    If(-not $result){
        [PSCustomObject]@{
            Artikelnummer = $item.Artikelnummer
            EAN = $item.EAN
            Hersteller = $item.Hersteller
            Produktname = $item.Produktname
            EKPreis = $item.EKPreis
            UVP = $item.UVP
            Produktbeschreibung = $item.Produktbeschreibung
            ProduktURL = $item.ProduktURL
            BildURL = $item.BildURL
            Bestand = $item.Bestand
            VaterArtikelnummer = ""
            Variationsname1 = ""
            Variationsname2 = ""
            Variationsname3 = ""
            Variationswertname1 = ""
            Variationswertname2 = ""
            Variationswertname3 = ""
        }
    }
    Else{
        Foreach($variant in $variant_file){
            If($item.Artikelnummer -eq $variant.Artikelnummer){
                [PSCustomObject]@{
                    Artikelnummer = $item.Artikelnummer
                    EAN = $item.EAN
                    Hersteller = $item.Hersteller
                    Produktname = $item.Produktname
                    EKPreis = $item.EKPreis
                    UVP = $item.UVP
                    Produktbeschreibung = $item.Produktbeschreibung
                    ProduktURL = $item.ProduktURL
                    BildURL = $item.BildURL
                    Bestand = $item.Bestand
                    VaterArtikelnummer = $variant.VaterArtikelnummer
                    Variationsname1 = $variant.Variationsname1
                    Variationsname2 = $variant.Variationsname2
                    Variationsname3 = $variant.Variationsname3
                    Variationswertname1 = $variant.Variationswertname1
                    Variationswertname2 = $variant.Variationswertname2
                    Variationswertname3 = $variant.Variationswertname3
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

# Export the output as a csv file ready to upload
$output | Export-Csv -Path "$path/sample.csv" -Encoding UTF8 -NoTypeInformation

虽然一般的代码很可能会得到很大的改进，但我很高兴它正在做我想做的事，因为它花了很长时间在互联网上搜索以找到一种方法来合并在我的情况下工作的两个文件（尽管我仍然很感激任何提示和建议）。

尽管有一个我似乎根本无法弄清楚的问题，尽管输出是按照我想要的方式处理的，但存在一个问题，即作为变体的每个项目在最终输出中都会出现两次，但其中一个条目缺少大部分数据。这是一个例子：

"12345678_9",,,,"388,7","894,00",,,,"1","12345678","Größe","","","58","",""
"12345678_9","3210987654321","Hersteller","Produktname","388.70","894","Beschreibung","ProduktURL","BildURL","0","12345678","Größe","","","58","",""

如您所见，输出文件中的第一个条目（对于具有变体数据的每个项目）是一个精简版本，丢失了大部分原始数据，但仍保留了一些数据。我的第一个猜测是该项目以某种方式列出了两次，但如果我检查使用的原始两个输入文件，我只能在任一文件中找到任何项目的一个条目，任何地方都没有双打。

我还尝试更改代码的第一部分（对于没有变体数据的任何项目）以在某些列中输出固定字符串，虽然这对任何不是变体的项目都有影响，但双精度仍然有空列地方所以我认为它必须与处理具有匹配变体数据的项目的后半部分有关，但我无法理解究竟是什么导致了这个问题。

我在 Windows Server 2016 上使用 Powershell 5.1，我希望有人能告诉我这个问题可能显而易见的答案。提前感谢大家的帮助！

最好的祝福

-凯文

编辑：Hansson0728 提供的解决方案完美运行，对“AllInLeft”类型进行了微调，但它似乎也比我笨重的手动方法快得多。

4

1 回答 1

0 
$feedFile = import-csv <File>
$Variant = import-csv <File>

尝试使用此功能并执行类似的操作

$feedFile | Join-Object -Right $variant_file -LeftJoinProperty ArtikelNummer -RightJoinProperty ArtikelNummer -Type OnlyIfInBoth

  function Join-Object {
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
        Join data from two sets of objects based on a common value

    .DESCRIPTION
        Join data from two sets of objects based on a common value

        For more details, see the accompanying blog post:
            http://ramblingcookiemonster.github.io/Join-Object/

        For even more details,  see the original code and discussions that this borrows from:
            Dave Wyatt's Join-Object - http://powershell.org/wp/forums/topic/merging-very-large-collections
            Lucio Silveira's Join-Object - http://blogs.msdn.com/b/powershell/archive/2012/07/13/join-object.aspx

    .PARAMETER Left
        'Left' collection of objects to join.  You can use the pipeline for Left.

        The objects in this collection should be consistent.
        We look at the properties on the first object for a baseline.

    .PARAMETER Right
        'Right' collection of objects to join.

        The objects in this collection should be consistent.
        We look at the properties on the first object for a baseline.

    .PARAMETER LeftJoinProperty
        Property on Left collection objects that we match up with RightJoinProperty on the Right collection

    .PARAMETER RightJoinProperty
        Property on Right collection objects that we match up with LeftJoinProperty on the Left collection

    .PARAMETER LeftProperties
        One or more properties to keep from Left.  Default is to keep all Left properties (*).

        Each property can:
            - Be a plain property name like "Name"
            - Contain wildcards like "*"
            - Be a hashtable like @{Name="Product Name";Expression={$_.Name}}.
                 Name is the output property name
                 Expression is the property value ($_ as the current object)

                 Alternatively, use the Suffix or Prefix parameter to avoid collisions
                 Each property using this hashtable syntax will be excluded from suffixes and prefixes

    .PARAMETER RightProperties
        One or more properties to keep from Right.  Default is to keep all Right properties (*).

        Each property can:
            - Be a plain property name like "Name"
            - Contain wildcards like "*"
            - Be a hashtable like @{Name="Product Name";Expression={$_.Name}}.
                 Name is the output property name
                 Expression is the property value ($_ as the current object)

                 Alternatively, use the Suffix or Prefix parameter to avoid collisions
                 Each property using this hashtable syntax will be excluded from suffixes and prefixes

    .PARAMETER Prefix
        If specified, prepend Right object property names with this prefix to avoid collisions

        Example:
            Property Name                   = 'Name'
            Suffix                          = 'j_'
            Resulting Joined Property Name  = 'j_Name'

    .PARAMETER Suffix
        If specified, append Right object property names with this suffix to avoid collisions

        Example:
            Property Name                   = 'Name'
            Suffix                          = '_j'
            Resulting Joined Property Name  = 'Name_j'

    .PARAMETER Type
        Type of join.  Default is AllInLeft.

        AllInLeft will have all elements from Left at least once in the output, and might appear more than once
          if the where clause is true for more than one element in right, Left elements with matches in Right are
          preceded by elements with no matches.
          SQL equivalent: outer left join (or simply left join)

        AllInRight is similar to AllInLeft.

        OnlyIfInBoth will cause all elements from Left to be placed in the output, only if there is at least one
          match in Right.
          SQL equivalent: inner join (or simply join)

        AllInBoth will have all entries in right and left in the output. Specifically, it will have all entries
          in right with at least one match in left, followed by all entries in Right with no matches in left, 
          followed by all entries in Left with no matches in Right.
          SQL equivalent: full join

    .EXAMPLE
        #
        #Define some input data.

        $l = 1..5 | Foreach-Object {
            [pscustomobject]@{
                Name = "jsmith$_"
                Birthday = (Get-Date).adddays(-1)
            }
        }

        $r = 4..7 | Foreach-Object{
            [pscustomobject]@{
                Department = "Department $_"
                Name = "Department $_"
                Manager = "jsmith$_"
            }
        }

        #We have a name and Birthday for each manager, how do we find their department, using an inner join?
        Join-Object -Left $l -Right $r -LeftJoinProperty Name -RightJoinProperty Manager -Type OnlyIfInBoth -RightProperties Department


            # Name    Birthday             Department  
            # ----    --------             ----------  
            # jsmith4 4/14/2015 3:27:22 PM Department 4
            # jsmith5 4/14/2015 3:27:22 PM Department 5

    .EXAMPLE  
        #
        #Define some input data.

        $l = 1..5 | Foreach-Object {
            [pscustomobject]@{
                Name = "jsmith$_"
                Birthday = (Get-Date).adddays(-1)
            }
        }

        $r = 4..7 | Foreach-Object{
            [pscustomobject]@{
                Department = "Department $_"
                Name = "Department $_"
                Manager = "jsmith$_"
            }
        }

        #We have a name and Birthday for each manager, how do we find all related department data, even if there are conflicting properties?
        $l | Join-Object -Right $r -LeftJoinProperty Name -RightJoinProperty Manager -Type AllInLeft -Prefix j_

            # Name    Birthday             j_Department j_Name       j_Manager
            # ----    --------             ------------ ------       ---------
            # jsmith1 4/14/2015 3:27:22 PM                                    
            # jsmith2 4/14/2015 3:27:22 PM                                    
            # jsmith3 4/14/2015 3:27:22 PM                                    
            # jsmith4 4/14/2015 3:27:22 PM Department 4 Department 4 jsmith4  
            # jsmith5 4/14/2015 3:27:22 PM Department 5 Department 5 jsmith5  

    .EXAMPLE
        #
        #Hey!  You know how to script right?  Can you merge these two CSVs, where Path1's IP is equal to Path2's IP_ADDRESS?

        #Get CSV data
        $s1 = Import-CSV $Path1
        $s2 = Import-CSV $Path2

        #Merge the data, using a full outer join to avoid omitting anything, and export it
        Join-Object -Left $s1 -Right $s2 -LeftJoinProperty IP_ADDRESS -RightJoinProperty IP -Prefix 'j_' -Type AllInBoth |
            Export-CSV $MergePath -NoTypeInformation

    .EXAMPLE
        #
        # "Hey Warren, we need to match up SSNs to Active Directory users, and check if they are enabled or not.
        #  I'll e-mail you an unencrypted CSV with all the SSNs from gmail, what could go wrong?"

        # Import some SSNs. 
        $SSNs = Import-CSV -Path D:\SSNs.csv

        #Get AD users, and match up by a common value, samaccountname in this case:
        Get-ADUser -Filter "samaccountname -like 'wframe*'" |
            Join-Object -LeftJoinProperty samaccountname -Right $SSNs `
                        -RightJoinProperty samaccountname -RightProperties ssn `
                        -LeftProperties samaccountname, enabled, objectclass

    .NOTES
        This borrows from:
            Dave Wyatt's Join-Object - http://powershell.org/wp/forums/topic/merging-very-large-collections/
            Lucio Silveira's Join-Object - http://blogs.msdn.com/b/powershell/archive/2012/07/13/join-object.aspx

        Changes:
            Always display full set of properties
            Display properties in order (left first, right second)
            If specified, add suffix or prefix to right object property names to avoid collisions
            Use a hashtable rather than ordereddictionary (avoid case sensitivity)

    .LINK
        http://ramblingcookiemonster.github.io/Join-Object/

    .FUNCTIONALITY
        PowerShell Language

    #>
    [CmdletBinding()]
    Param
    (
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$true,
                   ValueFromPipeLine = $true)]
        [object[]] $Left,

        # List to join with $Left
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)]
        [object[]] $Right,

        [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
        [string] $LeftJoinProperty,

        [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
        [string] $RightJoinProperty,

        [object[]]$LeftProperties = '*',

        # Properties from $Right we want in the output.
        # Like LeftProperties, each can be a plain name, wildcard or hashtable. See the LeftProperties comments.
        [object[]]$RightProperties = '*',

        [validateset( 'AllInLeft', 'OnlyIfInBoth', 'AllInBoth', 'AllInRight')]
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$false)]
        [string]$Type = 'AllInLeft',

        [string]$Prefix,
        [string]$Suffix
    )
    Begin
    {
        function AddItemProperties($item, $properties, $hash)
        {
            if ($null -eq $item)
            {
                return
            }

            foreach($property in $properties)
            {
                $propertyHash = $property -as [hashtable]
                if($null -ne $propertyHash)
                {
                    $hashName = $propertyHash["name"] -as [string]         
                    $expression = $propertyHash["expression"] -as [scriptblock]

                    $expressionValue = $expression.Invoke($item)[0]

                    $hash[$hashName] = $expressionValue
                }
                else
                {
                    foreach($itemProperty in $item.psobject.Properties)
                    {
                        if ($itemProperty.Name -like $property)
                        {
                            $hash[$itemProperty.Name] = $itemProperty.Value
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        function TranslateProperties
        {
            [cmdletbinding()]
            param(
                [object[]]$Properties,
                [psobject]$RealObject,
                [string]$Side)

            foreach($Prop in $Properties)
            {
                $propertyHash = $Prop -as [hashtable]
                if($null -ne $propertyHash)
                {
                    $hashName = $propertyHash["name"] -as [string]         
                    $expression = $propertyHash["expression"] -as [scriptblock]

                    $ScriptString = $expression.tostring()
                    if($ScriptString -notmatch 'param\(')
                    {
                        Write-Verbose "Property '$HashName'`: Adding param(`$_) to scriptblock '$ScriptString'"
                        $Expression = [ScriptBlock]::Create("param(`$_)`n $ScriptString")
                    }

                    $Output = @{Name =$HashName; Expression = $Expression }
                    Write-Verbose "Found $Side property hash with name $($Output.Name), expression:`n$($Output.Expression | out-string)"
                    $Output
                }
                else
                {
                    foreach($ThisProp in $RealObject.psobject.Properties)
                    {
                        if ($ThisProp.Name -like $Prop)
                        {
                            Write-Verbose "Found $Side property '$($ThisProp.Name)'"
                            $ThisProp.Name
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        function WriteJoinObjectOutput($leftItem, $rightItem, $leftProperties, $rightProperties)
        {
            $properties = @{}

            AddItemProperties $leftItem $leftProperties $properties
            AddItemProperties $rightItem $rightProperties $properties

            New-Object psobject -Property $properties
        }

        #Translate variations on calculated properties.  Doing this once shouldn't affect perf too much.
        foreach($Prop in @($LeftProperties + $RightProperties))
        {
            if($Prop -as [hashtable])
            {
                foreach($variation in ('n','label','l'))
                {
                    if(-not $Prop.ContainsKey('Name') )
                    {
                        if($Prop.ContainsKey($variation) )
                        {
                            $Prop.Add('Name',$Prop[$Variation])
                        }
                    }
                }
                if(-not $Prop.ContainsKey('Name') -or $Prop['Name'] -like $null )
                {
                    Throw "Property is missing a name`n. This should be in calculated property format, with a Name and an Expression:`n@{Name='Something';Expression={`$_.Something}}`nAffected property:`n$($Prop | out-string)"
                }


                if(-not $Prop.ContainsKey('Expression') )
                {
                    if($Prop.ContainsKey('E') )
                    {
                        $Prop.Add('Expression',$Prop['E'])
                    }
                }

                if(-not $Prop.ContainsKey('Expression') -or $Prop['Expression'] -like $null )
                {
                    Throw "Property is missing an expression`n. This should be in calculated property format, with a Name and an Expression:`n@{Name='Something';Expression={`$_.Something}}`nAffected property:`n$($Prop | out-string)"
                }
            }        
        }

        $leftHash = @{}
        $rightHash = @{}

        # Hashtable keys can't be null; we'll use any old object reference as a placeholder if needed.
        $nullKey = New-Object psobject

        $bound = $PSBoundParameters.keys -contains "InputObject"
        if(-not $bound)
        {
            [System.Collections.ArrayList]$LeftData = @()
        }
    }
    Process
    {
        #We pull all the data for comparison later, no streaming
        if($bound)
        {
            $LeftData = $Left
        }
        Else
        {
            foreach($Object in $Left)
            {
                [void]$LeftData.add($Object)
            }
        }
    }
    End
    {
        foreach ($item in $Right)
        {
            $key = $item.$RightJoinProperty

            if ($null -eq $key)
            {
                $key = $nullKey
            }

            $bucket = $rightHash[$key]

            if ($null -eq $bucket)
            {
                $bucket = New-Object System.Collections.ArrayList
                $rightHash.Add($key, $bucket)
            }

            $null = $bucket.Add($item)
        }

        foreach ($item in $LeftData)
        {
            $key = $item.$LeftJoinProperty

            if ($null -eq $key)
            {
                $key = $nullKey
            }

            $bucket = $leftHash[$key]

            if ($null -eq $bucket)
            {
                $bucket = New-Object System.Collections.ArrayList
                $leftHash.Add($key, $bucket)
            }

            $null = $bucket.Add($item)
        }

        $LeftProperties = TranslateProperties -Properties $LeftProperties -Side 'Left' -RealObject $LeftData[0]
        $RightProperties = TranslateProperties -Properties $RightProperties -Side 'Right' -RealObject $Right[0]

        #I prefer ordered output. Left properties first.
        [string[]]$AllProps = $LeftProperties

        #Handle prefixes, suffixes, and building AllProps with Name only
        $RightProperties = foreach($RightProp in $RightProperties)
        {
            if(-not ($RightProp -as [Hashtable]))
            {
                Write-Verbose "Transforming property $RightProp to $Prefix$RightProp$Suffix"
                @{
                    Name="$Prefix$RightProp$Suffix"
                    Expression=[scriptblock]::create("param(`$_) `$_.'$RightProp'")
                }
                $AllProps += "$Prefix$RightProp$Suffix"
            }
            else
            {
                Write-Verbose "Skipping transformation of calculated property with name $($RightProp.Name), expression:`n$($RightProp.Expression | out-string)"
                $AllProps += [string]$RightProp["Name"]
                $RightProp
            }
        }

        $AllProps = $AllProps | Select -Unique

        Write-Verbose "Combined set of properties: $($AllProps -join ', ')"

        foreach ( $entry in $leftHash.GetEnumerator() )
        {
            $key = $entry.Key
            $leftBucket = $entry.Value

            $rightBucket = $rightHash[$key]

            if ($null -eq $rightBucket)
            {
                if ($Type -eq 'AllInLeft' -or $Type -eq 'AllInBoth')
                {
                    foreach ($leftItem in $leftBucket)
                    {
                        WriteJoinObjectOutput $leftItem $null $LeftProperties $RightProperties | Select $AllProps
                    }
                }
            }
            else
            {
                foreach ($leftItem in $leftBucket)
                {
                    foreach ($rightItem in $rightBucket)
                    {
                        WriteJoinObjectOutput $leftItem $rightItem $LeftProperties $RightProperties | Select $AllProps
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        if ($Type -eq 'AllInRight' -or $Type -eq 'AllInBoth')
        {
            foreach ($entry in $rightHash.GetEnumerator())
            {
                $key = $entry.Key
                $rightBucket = $entry.Value

                $leftBucket = $leftHash[$key]

                if ($null -eq $leftBucket)
                {
                    foreach ($rightItem in $rightBucket)
                    {
                        WriteJoinObjectOutput $null $rightItem $LeftProperties $RightProperties | Select $AllProps
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}
于 2020-01-31T14:10:10.037 回答