如何在无头模式下运行 spark？目前，我正在集群上的 HDP 2.6.4（即默认安装 2.2）上执行 spark。我已经从https://spark.apache.org/downloads.html以无头模式（即没有内置 hadoop jar）下载了 spark 2.4.1 Scala 2.11 版本。确切的名称是：使用 scala 2.11 和用户提供的 hadoop 预构建
现在，当我尝试运行时，我遵循：https ://spark.apache.org/docs/latest/hadoop-provided.html
export SPARK_DIST_CLASSPATH=$(hadoop classpath)
export HADOOP_CONF_DIR=/etc/hadoop/conf
export SPARK_HOME=/home/<<my_user>>/development/software/spark_no_provided_hadoop
./bin/spark-shell --master yarn --deploy-mode client --queue <<my_yarn_queue>>
不幸的是，它无法启动：
19/05/01 07:12:23 WARN yarn.Client: Neither spark.yarn.jars nor spark.yarn.archive is set, falling back to uploading libraries under SPARK_HOME.
19/05/01 07:12:38 ERROR cluster.YarnClientSchedulerBackend: The YARN application has already ended! It might have been killed or the Application Master may have failed to start. Check the YARN application logs for more details.
19/05/01 07:12:38 ERROR spark.SparkContext: Error initializing SparkContext.
org.apache.spark.SparkException: Application application_1555489055691_64276 failed 2 times due to AM Container for appattempt_1555489055691_64276_000002 exited with exitCode: 1
When looking at the logs for details I see:
Log Type: prelaunch.err
launch_container.sh: line 30: $PWD:$PWD/__spark_conf__:$PWD/__spark_libs__/*:/etc/hadoop/conf:/usr/hdp/2.6.4.0-91/hadoop/*:/usr/hdp/2.6.4.0-91/hadoop/lib/*:/usr/hdp/current/hadoop-hdfs-client/*:/usr/hdp/current/hadoop-hdfs-client/lib/*:/usr/hdp/current/hadoop-yarn-client/*:/usr/hdp/current/hadoop-yarn-client/lib/*:$PWD/mr-framework/hadoop/share/hadoop/mapreduce/*:$PWD/mr-framework/hadoop/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/*:$PWD/mr-framework/hadoop/share/hadoop/common/*:$PWD/mr-framework/hadoop/share/hadoop/common/lib/*:$PWD/mr-framework/hadoop/share/hadoop/yarn/*:$PWD/mr-framework/hadoop/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/*:$PWD/mr-framework/hadoop/share/hadoop/hdfs/*:$PWD/mr-framework/hadoop/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/*:$PWD/mr-framework/hadoop/share/hadoop/tools/lib/*:/usr/hdp/${hdp.version}/hadoop/lib/hadoop-lzo-0.6.0.${hdp.version}.jar:/etc/hadoop/conf/secure:/usr/hdp/2.6.4.0-91/hadoop/conf:/usr/hdp/2.6.4.0-91/hadoop/lib/*:/usr/hdp/2.6.4.0-91/hadoop/.//*:/usr/hdp/2.6.4.0-91/hadoop-hdfs/./:/usr/hdp/2.6.4.0-91/hadoop-hdfs/lib/*:/usr/hdp/2.6.4.0-91/hadoop-hdfs/.//*:/usr/hdp/2.6.4.0-91/hadoop-yarn/lib/*:/usr/hdp/2.6.4.0-91/hadoop-yarn/.//*:/usr/hdp/2.6.4.0-91/hadoop-mapreduce/lib/*:/usr/hdp/2.6.4.0-91/hadoop-mapreduce/.//*:/usr/hdp/2.6.4.0-91/tez/*:/usr/hdp/2.6.4.0-91/tez/lib/*:/usr/hdp/2.6.4.0-91/tez/conf:$PWD/__spark_conf__/__hadoop_conf__: bad substitution
所以：
/usr/hdp/${hdp.version}/hadoop/lib/hadoop-lzo-0.6.0.${hdp.version}.jar: bad substitution
是原因（类似于https://community.hortonworks.com/questions/23699/bad-substitution-error-running-spark-on-yarn.html），但这完全在 Ambari 的管理域内。如何解决它以在现有的 2.6.x HDP 平台上运行更新版本的 spark (2.4.x)？
编辑
假设我为 传递了错误的配置目录HADOOP_CONF_DIR，它是未设置的。但是之后：
When running with master 'yarn' either HADOOP_CONF_DIR or YARN_CONF_DIR must be set in the environment.
所以必须通过。可能是我传递了错误的值吗？根据异常：java.lang.Exception：使用主“纱线”运行时，必须在环境中设置 HADOOP_CONF_DIR 或 YARN_CONF_DIR。在火花中可能是正确的。对我来说，默认情况下没有设置 HADOOP_HOME。
即使设置为: export HADOOP_CONF_DIR=/usr/hdp/current/spark2-client/conf，同样的错误替换错误仍然存在。
注意：一些有趣的步骤：