我正在尝试将数据从 DataSet 传输到 Excel 工作簿。不幸的是，我需要比通过 ADO.NET 简单地链接到 Excel 并使用标准 SQL 来选择和插入数据来获得更多的控制，所以我使用的是 excel 互操作。
我的原始算法涉及遍历数据集的所有表/行/项目，并Formula在 Excel 中单独设置每个单元格的。这行得通，但是传输所有数据需要将近半分钟的时间。
我决定尝试不同的解决方案：将每个表转换为制表符分隔的字符串（使用 和 的组合StringBuilder，string.Join()将字符串复制到剪贴板，并使用互操作调用 ExcelWorksheet对象上的粘贴命令。
这也有效，并将时间缩短了 50% 以上，但我对使用剪贴板传输数据有点偏执。如果用户在传输过程中开始做其他涉及剪贴板的事情会发生什么？我还想知道如果我可以直接粘贴一个字符串而不是使用剪贴板作为中介，它是否会更快。
所以，这是我的问题......是否有一些可用的命令允许我直接从 C# 字符串在 Excel 中“粘贴”一个数据块，而无需使用剪贴板？
创建一个与目标范围具有相同维度的二维对象数组（第一个数组索引是行数；第二个是列数）。然后使用该数组设置范围的 value 属性。
例子：
void SetRange(Worksheet worksheet, DataSet dataSet)
{
object[] values = GetValuesFromDataSet(dataSet);
int rowCount = values.GetUpperBound(0);
int columnCount = values.GetUpperBound(1);
Range range = worksheet.Range(worksheet.Cells(1, 1), worksheetCells.(rowCount, columnCount));
range.Value = values;
}
您可以使用 HttpResponse 对象及其 write() 方法将字符串刷新到 excel 中。首先创建一个excel模板字符串。参考这个例子。
private static string getWorkbookTemplate()
{
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(818);
sb.AppendFormat(@"<?xml version=""1.0""?>{0}", Environment.NewLine);
sb.AppendFormat(@"<?mso-application progid=""Excel.Sheet""?>{0}", Environment.NewLine);
sb.AppendFormat(@"<Workbook xmlns=""urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet""{0}", Environment.NewLine);
sb.AppendFormat(@" xmlns:o=""urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office""{0}", Environment.NewLine);
sb.AppendFormat(@" xmlns:x=""urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:excel""{0}", Environment.NewLine);
sb.AppendFormat(@" xmlns:ss=""urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet""{0}", Environment.NewLine);
sb.AppendFormat(@" xmlns:html=""http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40"">{0}", Environment.NewLine);
sb.AppendFormat(@" <Styles>{0}", Environment.NewLine);
sb.AppendFormat(@" <Style ss:ID=""Default"" ss:Name=""Normal"">{0}", Environment.NewLine);
sb.AppendFormat(@" <Alignment ss:Vertical=""Bottom""/>{0}", Environment.NewLine);
sb.AppendFormat(@" <Borders/>{0}", Environment.NewLine);
sb.AppendFormat(@" <Font ss:FontName=""Verdana"" x:Family=""Swiss"" ss:Size=""12"" ss:Color=""#0000A0""/>{0}", Environment.NewLine);
sb.AppendFormat(@" <Interior/>{0}", Environment.NewLine);
sb.AppendFormat(@" <NumberFormat/>{0}", Environment.NewLine);
sb.AppendFormat(@" <Protection/>{0}", Environment.NewLine);
sb.AppendFormat(@" </Style>{0}", Environment.NewLine);
sb.AppendFormat(@" <Style ss:ID=""s62"">{0}", Environment.NewLine);
sb.AppendFormat(@" <Font ss:FontName=""Calibri"" x:Family=""Swiss"" ss:Size=""11"" ss:Color=""#000000""{0}", Environment.NewLine);
sb.AppendFormat(@" ss:Bold=""1""/>{0}", Environment.NewLine);
sb.AppendFormat(@" </Style>{0}", Environment.NewLine);
sb.AppendFormat(@" <Style ss:ID=""s63"">{0}", Environment.NewLine);
sb.AppendFormat(@" <NumberFormat ss:Format=""Short Date""/>{0}", Environment.NewLine);
sb.AppendFormat(@" </Style>{0}", Environment.NewLine);
sb.AppendFormat(@" </Styles>{0}", Environment.NewLine);
sb.Append(@"{0}\r\n</Workbook>");
return sb.ToString();
}
private static string replaceXmlChar(string input)
{
input = input.Replace("&", "&");
input = input.Replace("<", "<");
input = input.Replace(">", ">");
input = input.Replace("\"", """);
input = input.Replace("'", "'");
return input;
}
private static string getCell(Type type, object cellData)
{
Object data = (cellData is DBNull) ? "" : cellData;
if (type.Name.Contains("Int") || type.Name.Contains("Double") || type.Name.Contains("Decimal")) return string.Format("<Cell><Data ss:Type=\"Number\">{0}</Data></Cell>", data);
if (type.Name.Contains("Date") && data.ToString() != string.Empty)
{
return string.Format("<Cell ss:StyleID=\"s63\"><Data ss:Type=\"DateTime\">{0}</Data></Cell>", Convert.ToDateTime(data).ToString("yyyy-MM-dd"));
}
return string.Format("<Cell><Data ss:Type=\"String\">{0}</Data></Cell>", replaceXmlChar(data.ToString()));
}
private static string getWorksheets(DataSet source)
{
StringWriter sw = new StringWriter();
if (source == null || source.Tables.Count == 0)
{
sw.Write("<Worksheet ss:Name=\"Sheet1\">\r\n<Table>\r\n<Row><Cell><Data ss:Type=\"String\"></Data></Cell></Row>\r\n</Table>\r\n</Worksheet>");
return sw.ToString();
}
foreach (DataTable dt in source.Tables)
{
if (dt.Rows.Count == 0)
sw.Write("<Worksheet ss:Name=\"" + replaceXmlChar(dt.TableName) + "\">\r\n<Table>\r\n<Row><Cell ss:StyleID=\"s62\"><Data ss:Type=\"String\"></Data></Cell></Row>\r\n</Table>\r\n</Worksheet>");
else
{
//write each row data
int sheetCount = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < dt.Rows.Count; i++)
{
if ((i % rowLimit) == 0)
{
//add close tags for previous sheet of the same data table
if ((i / rowLimit) > sheetCount)
{
sw.Write("\r\n</Table>\r\n</Worksheet>");
sheetCount = (i / rowLimit);
}
sw.Write("\r\n<Worksheet ss:Name=\"" + replaceXmlChar(dt.TableName) +
(((i / rowLimit) == 0) ? "" : Convert.ToString(i / rowLimit)) + "\">\r\n<Table>");
//write column name row
sw.Write("\r\n<Row>");
foreach (DataColumn dc in dt.Columns)
sw.Write(string.Format("<Cell ss:StyleID=\"s62\"><Data ss:Type=\"String\">{0}</Data></Cell>", replaceXmlChar(dc.ColumnName)));
sw.Write("</Row>");
}
sw.Write("\r\n<Row>");
foreach (DataColumn dc in dt.Columns)
sw.Write(getCell(dc.DataType, dt.Rows[i][dc.ColumnName]));
sw.Write("</Row>");
}
sw.Write("\r\n</Table>\r\n</Worksheet>");
}
}
return sw.ToString();
}
public static string GetExcelXml(DataTable dtInput, string filename)
{
string excelTemplate = getWorkbookTemplate();
DataSet ds = new DataSet();
ds.Tables.Add(dtInput.Copy());
string worksheets = getWorksheets(ds);
string excelXml = string.Format(excelTemplate, worksheets);
return excelXml;
}
public static string GetExcelXml(DataSet dsInput, string filename)
{
string excelTemplate = getWorkbookTemplate();
string worksheets = getWorksheets(dsInput);
string excelXml = string.Format(excelTemplate, worksheets);
return excelXml;
}
public static void ToExcel(DataSet dsInput, string filename, HttpResponse response)
{
string excelXml = GetExcelXml(dsInput, filename);
response.Clear();
response.AppendHeader("Content-Type", "application/vnd.ms-excel");
response.AppendHeader("Content-disposition", "attachment; filename=" + filename);
response.Write(excelXml);
response.Flush();
response.End();
}
public static void ToExcel(DataTable dtInput, string filename, HttpResponse response)
{
DataSet ds = new DataSet();
ds.Tables.Add(dtInput.Copy());
ToExcel(ds, filename, response);
}
你能不能只创建一个 CSV 字符串，并使用：
File.WriteAllText()
我建议在 VB.NET 中创建一个支持可选参数（更简洁的代码）的库，然后从 C# 调用它。像其他答案一样，这一切都取决于Range.Value2电话。
这是VB.NET中的一些示例代码
Public Function GetObjectArray(ByVal range_ref As Range) As Object(,)
If range_ref.Count > 0 Then
Return CType(range_ref.Value2, Object(,))
Else
Return New Object(,) {{range_ref.Value2}}
End If
End Function
Public Sub SetObjectArray(ByVal range_ref As Range, ByVal values As Object(,))
If range_ref.Count > 0 Then
range_ref.Value2 = values
Else
range_ref.Value2 = values(0, 0)
End If
End Sub
检查计数的原因是因为对于单数引用.Value2返回一个值而不是一个可以转换为的数组object[,]，
您实际上可以使用此处发布的技巧将object[,]数组转换回来和从数组转换。double[,]Array.Copy()
Public Function GetValueArray(ByVal range_ref As Range) As Double(,)
Dim temp As Object(,) = GetObjectArray(range_ref)
Dim N As Integer = temp.GetLength(0)
Dim M As Integer = temp.GetLength(1)
Dim res As Double(,) = New Double(N - 1, M - 1) {}
Array.Copy(temp, res, temp.Length)
Return res
End Function
Public Sub SetValueArray(ByVal range_ref As Range, ByVal values As Double(,))
Dim N As Integer = values.GetLength(0)
Dim M As Integer = values.GetLength(1)
Dim temp As Object(,) = Array.CreateInstance( _
GetType(Object), _
New Integer() {N, M}, _
New Integer() {1, 1})
Array.Copy(values, temp, values.Length)
SetObjectArray(range_ref, temp)
End Sub