builtins.open
只是访问全局open
函数的另一种方法:
import builtins
print(open)
# <built-in function open>
print(builtins.open)
# <built-in function open>
print(open == builtins.open)
# True
从文档:
该模块提供对 Python 的所有“内置”标识符的直接访问;例如,builtins.open
是内置函数的全名open()
关于你问题的第二部分,我不确定你的意思。(几乎)Python 中的每个“名称”都可以重新分配给完全不同的东西。
>>> list
<class 'list'>
>>> list = 1
>>> list
1
但是,下面的所有内容都builtins
受到保护,否则如果有人(事物)在运行时重新分配其属性,势必会发生一些令人讨厌的奇怪行为。
>>> import builtins
>>> builtins.list = 1
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Program Files\PyCharm 2018.2.1\helpers\pydev\_pydev_comm\server.py", line 34, in handle
self.processor.process(iprot, oprot)
File "C:\Program Files\PyCharm 2018.2.1\helpers\third_party\thriftpy\_shaded_thriftpy\thrift.py", line 266, in process
self.handle_exception(e, result)
File "C:\Program Files\PyCharm 2018.2.1\helpers\third_party\thriftpy\_shaded_thriftpy\thrift.py", line 254, in handle_exception
raise e
File "C:\Program Files\PyCharm 2018.2.1\helpers\third_party\thriftpy\_shaded_thriftpy\thrift.py", line 263, in process
result.success = call()
File "C:\Program Files\PyCharm 2018.2.1\helpers\third_party\thriftpy\_shaded_thriftpy\thrift.py", line 228, in call
return f(*(args.__dict__[k] for k in api_args))
File "C:\Program Files\PyCharm 2018.2.1\helpers\pydev\_pydev_bundle\pydev_console_utils.py", line 217, in getFrame
return pydevd_thrift.frame_vars_to_struct(self.get_namespace(), hidden_ns)
File "C:\Program Files\PyCharm 2018.2.1\helpers\pydev\_pydevd_bundle\pydevd_thrift.py", line 239, in frame_vars_to_struct
keys = dict_keys(frame_f_locals)
File "C:\Program Files\PyCharm 2018.2.1\helpers\pydev\_pydevd_bundle\pydevd_constants.py", line 173, in dict_keys
return list(d.keys())
TypeError: 'int' object is not callable