我正在使用该autograd
工具PyTorch
,并且发现自己处于需要通过整数索引访问一维张量中的值的情况。像这样的东西:
def basic_fun(x_cloned):
res = []
for i in range(len(x)):
res.append(x_cloned[i] * x_cloned[i])
print(res)
return Variable(torch.FloatTensor(res))
def get_grad(inp, grad_var):
A = basic_fun(inp)
A.backward()
return grad_var.grad
x = Variable(torch.FloatTensor([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]), requires_grad=True)
x_cloned = x.clone()
print(get_grad(x_cloned, x))
我收到以下错误消息:
[tensor(1., grad_fn=<ThMulBackward>), tensor(4., grad_fn=<ThMulBackward>), tensor(9., grad_fn=<ThMulBackward>), tensor(16., grad_fn=<ThMulBackward>), tensor(25., grad_fn=<ThMulBackward>)]
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/mhy/projects/pytorch-optim/predict.py", line 74, in <module>
print(get_grad(x_cloned, x))
File "/home/mhy/projects/pytorch-optim/predict.py", line 68, in get_grad
A.backward()
File "/home/mhy/.local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/torch/tensor.py", line 93, in backward
torch.autograd.backward(self, gradient, retain_graph, create_graph)
File "/home/mhy/.local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/torch/autograd/__init__.py", line 90, in backward
allow_unreachable=True) # allow_unreachable flag
RuntimeError: element 0 of tensors does not require grad and does not have a grad_fn
一般来说,我对如何使用变量的克隆版本应该如何在梯度计算中保留该变量持怀疑态度。变量本身实际上并未用于计算A
,因此当您调用 时A.backward()
,它不应该是该操作的一部分。
感谢您对这种方法的帮助,或者是否有更好的方法来避免丢失梯度历史并仍然通过 1D 张量索引requires_grad=True
!
**编辑(9 月 15 日):**
res
是一个包含 1 到 5 平方值的零维张量列表。为了连接一个包含 [1.0, 4.0, ..., 25.0] 的张量,我更改return Variable(torch.FloatTensor(res))
为torch.stack(res, dim=0)
,这会产生tensor([ 1., 4., 9., 16., 25.], grad_fn=<StackBackward>)
.
但是,我收到了这个由A.backward()
线路引起的新错误。
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<project_path>/playground.py", line 22, in <module>
print(get_grad(x_cloned, x))
File "<project_path>/playground.py", line 16, in get_grad
A.backward()
File "/home/mhy/.local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/torch/tensor.py", line 93, in backward
torch.autograd.backward(self, gradient, retain_graph, create_graph)
File "/home/mhy/.local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/torch/autograd/__init__.py", line 84, in backward
grad_tensors = _make_grads(tensors, grad_tensors)
File "/home/mhy/.local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/torch/autograd/__init__.py", line 28, in _make_grads
raise RuntimeError("grad can be implicitly created only for scalar outputs")
RuntimeError: grad can be implicitly created only for scalar outputs