我有一个每天的一个月数据。它cpu utilization
每天都捕获数据。我想产生一些预测结果。我将数据分成两部分train
- 前15天,test
最后16天,然后我想做一个预测,并将预测结果与给定的过去16天的结果进行比较。到目前为止,我已经尝试了各种实现,例如moving average
,simple exponential smoothing
。现在我想尝试更复杂和准确的东西,例如Holt-Winters Method
和ARIMA model
。下面是我的结果获取Holt's Linear Trend
考虑趋势和季节性的方法。
现在我想实现Holts Winter method
这是首选的预测技术之一。这是下面的代码
# get the first 15 days
df_train = psql.read_sql("SELECT date,cpu FROM {} where date between '{}' and '{} 23:59:59';".format(conf_list[1], '2018-03-02', '2018-03-16'), conn).fillna(0)
df_train["date"] = pd.to_datetime(df_train["date"], format="%m-%d-%Y")
df_train.set_index("date", inplace=True)
df_train = df_train.resample('D').mean().fillna(0)
# get the last 15 days
df_test = psql.read_sql("SELECT date,cpu FROM {} where date between '{}' and '{} 23:59:59';".format(conf_list[1], '2018-03-18', '2018-03-31'), conn).fillna(0)
df_test["date"] = pd.to_datetime(df_test["date"], format="%m-%d-%Y")
df_test.set_index("date", inplace=True)
df_test = df_test.resample('D').mean().fillna(0)
这是代码Holt's Winter method
y_hat_avg = df_test.copy()
fit1 = ExponentialSmoothing(np.asarray(df_train['cpu']), seasonal_periods=1, trend='add', seasonal='add',).fit()
y_hat_avg['Holt_Winter'] = fit1.forecast(len(df_test))
plt.figure(figsize=(16,8))
plt.plot(df_train['cpu'], label='Train')
plt.plot(df_test['cpu'], label='Test')
plt.plot(y_hat_avg['Holt_Winter'], label='Holt_Winter')
plt.legend(loc='best')
plt.show()
现在我收到seasonal_periods
参数错误。它接受一个整数,我相信它接受月份作为一个值。即使在他们的文档中,他们也只提到没有季节http://www.statsmodels.org/dev/generated /statsmodels.tsa.holtwinters.ExponentialSmoothing.html#statsmodels.tsa.holtwinters.ExponentialSmoothing
现在,由于我只有1个月的数据要在前15天运行预测,我应该通过什么季节值?假设季节指的是月份,理想情况下它应该是0.5(15 天),但它只接受整数。如果我将值传递为1,则会收到以下错误
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/souvik/PycharmProjects/Pandas/forecast_health.py", line 89, in <module>
fit1 = ExponentialSmoothing(np.asarray(df_train['cpu']), seasonal_periods=1, trend='add', seasonal='add',).fit()
File "/home/souvik/data_analysis/lib/python3.5/site-packages/statsmodels/tsa/holtwinters.py", line 571, in fit
Ns=20, full_output=True, finish=None)
File "/home/souvik/data_analysis/lib/python3.5/site-packages/scipy/optimize/optimize.py", line 2831, in brute
Jout = vecfunc(*grid)
File "/home/souvik/data_analysis/lib/python3.5/site-packages/numpy/lib/function_base.py", line 2755, in __call__
return self._vectorize_call(func=func, args=vargs)
File "/home/souvik/data_analysis/lib/python3.5/site-packages/numpy/lib/function_base.py", line 2831, in _vectorize_call
outputs = ufunc(*inputs)
File "/home/souvik/data_analysis/lib/python3.5/site-packages/scipy/optimize/optimize.py", line 2825, in _scalarfunc
return func(params, *args)
File "/home/souvik/data_analysis/lib/python3.5/site-packages/statsmodels/tsa/holtwinters.py", line 207, in _holt_win_add_add_dam
return sqeuclidean((l + phi * b) + s[:-(m - 1)], y)
ValueError: operands could not be broadcast together with shapes (16,) (0,)
如果我将参数传递为None
,则会收到以下错误
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/souvik/PycharmProjects/Pandas/forecast_health.py", line 89, in <module>
fit1 = ExponentialSmoothing(np.asarray(df_train['cpu']), seasonal_periods=None, trend='add', seasonal='add',).fit()
File "/home/souvik/data_analysis/lib/python3.5/site-packages/statsmodels/tsa/holtwinters.py", line 399, in __init__
'Unable to detect season automatically')
NotImplementedError: Unable to detect season automatically
如何使用 Holt-Winters 方法获得一个月最后16天的预报?我做错了什么?
如果有人想重现结果,这是本月的数据
cpu
date
2018-03-01 00:00:00+00:00 1.060606
2018-03-02 00:00:00+00:00 1.014035
2018-03-03 00:00:00+00:00 1.048611
2018-03-04 00:00:00+00:00 1.493392
2018-03-05 00:00:00+00:00 3.588957
2018-03-06 00:00:00+00:00 2.500000
2018-03-07 00:00:00+00:00 5.265306
2018-03-08 00:00:00+00:00 0.000000
2018-03-09 00:00:00+00:00 3.062099
2018-03-10 00:00:00+00:00 5.861751
2018-03-11 00:00:00+00:00 0.000000
2018-03-12 00:00:00+00:00 0.000000
2018-03-13 00:00:00+00:00 7.235294
2018-03-14 00:00:00+00:00 4.011662
2018-03-15 00:00:00+00:00 3.777409
2018-03-16 00:00:00+00:00 5.754559
2018-03-17 00:00:00+00:00 4.273390
2018-03-18 00:00:00+00:00 2.328782
2018-03-19 00:00:00+00:00 3.106048
2018-03-20 00:00:00+00:00 5.584877
2018-03-21 00:00:00+00:00 9.869841
2018-03-22 00:00:00+00:00 5.588215
2018-03-23 00:00:00+00:00 3.620377
2018-03-24 00:00:00+00:00 3.468021
2018-03-25 00:00:00+00:00 2.605649
2018-03-26 00:00:00+00:00 3.670559
2018-03-27 00:00:00+00:00 4.071777
2018-03-28 00:00:00+00:00 4.159690
2018-03-29 00:00:00+00:00 4.364939
2018-03-30 00:00:00+00:00 4.743253
2018-03-31 00:00:00+00:00 4.928571