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我有一个简单的 VBA 函数，它可以将 POST 发送到远程服务器。帖子正文是一个 XML 文档。

Sub testmessage()
Dim sXML As String, sURL As String, sResponse As String
Dim WinHttpReq As Object

Set WinHttpReq = CreateObject("MSXML2.ServerXMLHTTP")

sXML = "<?xml version=""1.0"" encoding=""ISO-8859-1""?>"
sXML = sXML & "<!DOCTYPE pnet_imessage_send PUBLIC ""-//PeopleNet//pnet_imessage_send"""
sXML = sXML & " ""http://open.peoplenetonline.com/dtd/pnet_imessage_send.dtd""> "
sXML = sXML & "<pnet_imessage_send>"
sXML = sXML & "  <cid>20</cid>"
sXML = sXML & "  <pw>password</pw>"
sXML = sXML & "  <vehicle_number>123</vehicle_number>"
sXML = sXML & "  <deliver>now</deliver>"
sXML = sXML & "  <freeform_message>This is Tim's test message.</freeform_message>"
sXML = sXML & "</pnet_imessage_send>"

'Test url'
'sURL = "https://open.pfmlogin.com/scripts/postp.dll"

'Live url
sURL = "https://oi.pfmlogin.com/scripts/open.dll"

WinHttpReq.Open "POST", sURL, False
WinHttpReq.setRequestHeader "Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded;Charset=ISO-8859-1"
WinHttpReq.Send sXML
sResponse = WinHttpReq.responseText

Debug.Print sResponse
End Sub

sXML 包含以下内容：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<!DOCTYPE pnet_imessage_send PUBLIC "-//PeopleNet//pnet_imessage_send" 
  "http://open.peoplenetonline.com/dtd/pnet_imessage_send.dtd"> 
<pnet_imessage_send>
  <cid>20</cid>
  <pw>password</pw>
  <vehicle_number>123</vehicle_number>
  <deliver>now</deliver>
  <freeform_message>This is Tim's test message.</freeform_message> 
</pnet_imessage_send>

如果我使用 Chrome 的Postman 插件发送它，它会毫无问题地处理。当与 VBA 代码一起发布时，它返回一个错误XML failed to parse. The reported error was: File: . Line: 1 Col: 19 Error: Whitespace expected at Line: 1 Position: 19。

如果我将数据发布到测试 url（它只会反弹发布到它的任何内容），它会显示如下：

<?xml version="1.0"
encoding="ISO-8859-1"
><!DOCTYPE pnet_imessage_send PUBLIC "-//PeopleNet//pnet_imessage_send"
http://open.peoplenetonline.com/dtd/pnet_imessage_send.dtd

我相信服务器没有将换行符视为空格，导致 XML 解析器看起来像这样：（<?xml version="1.0"encoding="ISO-8859-1">“1.0”和编码之间没有空格）。使用 Postman 发布的帖子没有意外的换行符。如何在没有 VBA 分解序言的情况下发布这些数据？

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1 回答 1

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这个答案归功于@TimWilliams。找到他的一篇帖子，如果对您有帮助，请给它 +1。

正如 He 和 @Chillin 指出的那样，表单数据需要进行 url 编码（或以保留空格的方式进行编码......HTML 编码也可能有效，但我没有尝试过）。只需将请求标头设置为application/xml不会保留空格。

我使用了此 SO 帖子中的以下代码：如何在 Excel VBA 中对字符串进行 URL 编码？（所以如果这对你有帮助，也可以给它+1）

Public Function URLEncode( _
   StringVal As String, _
   Optional SpaceAsPlus As Boolean = False _
) As String

  Dim StringLen As Long: StringLen = Len(StringVal)

  If StringLen > 0 Then
    ReDim result(StringLen) As String
    Dim i As Long, CharCode As Integer
    Dim Char As String, Space As String

    If SpaceAsPlus Then Space = "+" Else Space = "%20"

    For i = 1 To StringLen
      Char = Mid$(StringVal, i, 1)
      CharCode = Asc(Char)
      Select Case CharCode
        Case 97 To 122, 65 To 90, 48 To 57, 45, 46, 95, 126
          result(i) = Char
        Case 32
          result(i) = Space
        Case 0 To 15
          result(i) = "%0" & Hex(CharCode)
        Case Else
          result(i) = "%" & Hex(CharCode)
      End Select
    Next i
    URLEncode = Join(result, "")
  End If
End Function

然后我在连接我的 sXML 字符串后调用这个函数，如下所示：

sXML = sXML & "   <freeform_message>This is Tim's test message.</freeform_message>"
sXML = sXML & "</pnet_imessage_send>"
sXML = "service=imessage_send&xml=" & URLEncode(sXML, False)

它就像一个魅力！

于 2018-04-17T12:37:26.580 回答