我编写了以下形式的程序:
#include "stuff_I_need.h"
int main(){
construct_array(); // uses OpenMP pragma's
print_array();
return(0);
}
它可以使用以下命令正确编译、链接和运行:
`gcc44 -I/home/matteson/sundials/include/ main.c -lm -L/home/matteson/sundials/lib -lsundials_cvode -lsundials_nvecserial -fopenmp -o /home/matteson/MPI_test/CVODE_test/main_test`
“gcc44”只是 gcc 4.4 版,之所以这样命名,是因为它是在维护多个 gcc 版本的集群上编译的。sundials_cvode 和 sundials_nvecserial 库用于在构建阵列期间求解多个微分方程。
现在,当我想转移到 Matlab 并尝试编译表单的 mex 文件时:
#include "stuff_I_need.h"
void mexFunction(int nlhs,mxArray* plhs[], int nrhs, const mxArray* prhs[]){
construct_array(); // uses OpenMP pragma's
print_array();
}
并尝试在 Matlab 中使用以下命令进行编译:
>> mex -v CC="gcc44" CFLAGS="\$CFLAGS -I/home/matteson/sundials/include/ -fopenmp" LDFLAGS="\$LDFLAGS -fopenmp -L/home/matteson/sundials/lib -lsundials_cvode -lsundials_nvecserial" mex_cvode.c
我收到以下消息,最终导致链接错误:
-> mexopts.sh sourced from directory (DIR = $HOME/.matlab/$REL_VERSION)
FILE = /home/matteson/.matlab/R2010b/mexopts.sh
----------------------------------------------------------------
-> MATLAB = /misc/linux/64/opt/pkg/matlab/R2010b
-> CC = gcc44
-> CC flags:
CFLAGS = -ansi -D_GNU_SOURCE -fexceptions -fPIC -fno-omit-frame-pointer -pthread -I/home/matteson/sundials/include/ -L/home/matteson/sundials/lib -lsundials_cvode -L/home/matteson/sundials/lib -lsundials_nvecserial
CDEBUGFLAGS = -g
COPTIMFLAGS = -O -DNDEBUG
CLIBS = -Wl,-rpath-link,/misc/linux/64/opt/pkg/matlab/R2010b/bin/glnxa64 -L/misc/linux/64/opt/pkg/matlab/R2010b/bin/glnxa64 -lmx -lmex -lmat -lm -lstdc++
arguments = -DMX_COMPAT_32
-> CXX = g++
-> CXX flags:
CXXFLAGS = -ansi -D_GNU_SOURCE -fPIC -fno-omit-frame-pointer -pthread
CXXDEBUGFLAGS = -g
CXXOPTIMFLAGS = -O -DNDEBUG
CXXLIBS = -Wl,-rpath-link,/misc/linux/64/opt/pkg/matlab/R2010b/bin/glnxa64 -L/misc/linux/64/opt/pkg/matlab/R2010b/bin/glnxa64 -lmx -lmex -lmat -lm
arguments = -DMX_COMPAT_32
-> FC = g95
-> FC flags:
FFLAGS = -fexceptions -fPIC -fno-omit-frame-pointer
FDEBUGFLAGS = -g
FOPTIMFLAGS = -O
FLIBS = -Wl,-rpath-link,/misc/linux/64/opt/pkg/matlab/R2010b/bin/glnxa64 -L/misc/linux/64/opt/pkg/matlab/R2010b/bin/glnxa64 -lmx -lmex -lmat -lm
arguments = -DMX_COMPAT_32
-> LD = gcc44
-> Link flags:
LDFLAGS = -pthread -shared -Wl,--version-script,/misc/linux/64/opt/pkg/matlab/R2010b/extern/lib/glnxa64/mexFunction.map -Wl,--no-undefined -fopenmpofopenmp
LDDEBUGFLAGS = -g
LDOPTIMFLAGS = -O
LDEXTENSION = .mexa64
arguments =
-> LDCXX =
-> Link flags:
LDCXXFLAGS =
LDCXXDEBUGFLAGS =
LDCXXOPTIMFLAGS =
LDCXXEXTENSION =
arguments =
----------------------------------------------------------------
Warning: You are using gcc version "4.4.4". The version
currently supported with MEX is "4.3.4".
For a list of currently supported compilers see:
http://www.mathworks.com/support/compilers/current_release/
-> gcc44 -c -I/misc/linux/64/opt/pkg/matlab/R2010b/extern/include -I/misc/linux/64/opt/pkg/matlab/R2010b/simulink/include -DMATLAB_MEX_FILE -ansi -D_GNU_SOURCE -fexceptions -fPIC -fno-omit-frame-pointer -pthread -I/home/matteson/sundials/include/ -L/home/matteson/sundials/lib -lsundials_cvode -L/home/matteson/sundials/lib -lsundials_nvecserial -DMX_COMPAT_32 -O -DNDEBUG "mex_cvode.c"
-> gcc44 -O -pthread -shared -Wl,--version-script,/misc/linux/64/opt/pkg/matlab/R2010b/extern/lib/glnxa64/mexFunction.map -Wl,--no-undefined -fopenmpofopenmp -o "mex_cvode.mexa64" mex_cvode.o -Wl,-rpath-link,/misc/linux/64/opt/pkg/matlab/R2010b/bin/glnxa64 -L/misc/linux/64/opt/pkg/matlab/R2010b/bin/glnxa64 -lmx -lmex -lmat -lm -lstdc++
mex_cvode.o: In function `mexFunction':
mex_cvode.c:(.text+0x2b2): undefined reference to `N_VNew_Serial'
mex_cvode.c:(.text+0x2db): undefined reference to `N_VNew_Serial'
mex_cvode.c:(.text+0x35b): undefined reference to `CVodeCreate'
mex_cvode.c:(.text+0x39c): undefined reference to `CVodeInit'
mex_cvode.c:(.text+0x3dd): undefined reference to `CVodeSVtolerances'
mex_cvode.c:(.text+0x412): undefined reference to `CVodeSetUserData'
mex_cvode.c:(.text+0x449): undefined reference to `CVDense'
mex_cvode.c:(.text+0x482): undefined reference to `CVDlsSetDenseJacFn'
mex_cvode.c:(.text+0x50c): undefined reference to `CVode'
mex_cvode.c:(.text+0x5b4): undefined reference to `N_VDestroy_Serial'
mex_cvode.c:(.text+0x5c0): undefined reference to `N_VDestroy_Serial'
mex_cvode.c:(.text+0x5cc): undefined reference to `CVodeFree'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
mex: link of ' "mex_cvode.mexa64"' failed.
??? Error using ==> mex at 208
Unable to complete successfully.
不知何故,我没有给出正确的标志来正确链接。如果我删除 gcc44 命令中的链接命令,我会得到相同的错误集(加上更多错误),我很确定我没有让编译器“看到”这些库。
我的问题是:
- 如果我对错误的分析是正确的,我需要将哪些标志传递给 mex 编译命令才能成功链接?
- 或者,在 Matlab 环境之外编译和链接以编译 .mex64 可执行文件的 gcc 标志是什么?
- 如果我的分析是错误的,从这里去哪里?
我想我已经排除了不受支持的编译器警告,因为我已经能够使用 gcc 4.4 使用 OpenMP 程序编译简单的 mex,但是这些不需要链接到除了数学库之外的任何东西。此外,如果我使用 gcc 版本 4.1.2 或 4.3.4 进行编译,无论是否带有“-fopenmp”标志,我都会得到相同的错误。
最后,我确实需要 4.4 版,因为某些 OpenMP 支持在以前的版本中没有出现。
在此先感谢您的帮助。
- 安德鲁
编辑:(@KWATFORD)
所以我用引号外的语句尝试了命令,并得到了错误:
-> gcc44 -c -I/home/matteson/sundials/include/ -I/misc/linux/64/opt/pkg/matlab/R2010b/extern/include -I/misc/linux/64/opt/pkg/matlab/R2010b/simulink/include -DMATLAB_MEX_FILE -ansi -D_GNU_SOURCE -fexceptions -fPIC -fno-omit-frame-pointer -pthread -fopenmp -DMX_COMPAT_32 -O -DNDEBUG "mex_cvode.c"
-> gcc44 -O -pthread -shared -Wl,--version-script,/misc/linux/64/opt/pkg/matlab/R2010b/extern/lib/glnxa64/mexFunction.map -Wl,--no-undefined -fopenmp -o "mex_cvode.mexa64" mex_cvode.o -L/home/matteson/sundials/lib -lsundials_cvode -lsundials_nvecserial -Wl,-rpath-link,/misc/linux/64/opt/pkg/matlab/R2010b/bin/glnxa64 -L/misc/linux/64/opt/pkg/matlab/R2010b/bin/glnxa64 -lmx -lmex -lmat -lm -lstdc++
/usr/bin/ld: /home/matteson/sundials/lib/libsundials_cvode.a(cvode.o): relocation R_X86_64_32 against `a local symbol' can not be used when making a shared object; recompile with -fPIC
/home/matteson/sundials/lib/libsundials_cvode.a: could not read symbols: Bad value
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
mex: link of ' "mex_cvode.mexa64"' failed.
??? Error using ==> mex at 208
Unable to complete successfully.
我对使用“-fPIC”重新编译的建议有点困惑,因为当我查看 gcc44 命令时,我看到 -fPIC 是一个选项。
他们是说用-fPIC重新编译库吗?
我没有库的源代码,如果建议是重新编译库,是否有解决方法?
“针对本地对象重新定位”是什么意思?
我继续感谢。