我正在尝试编写一个多平台脚本，该脚本在 Mac Os 上运行良好，但在 Windows 上失败，如果我加载法语本地。我在启动时使用以下代码根据主机操作系统加载语言环境：
import locale
from sys import platform
if platform == "linux" or platform == "linux2":
locale.setlocale( locale.LC_ALL, 'fr_FR')
elif platform == "darwin":
locale.setlocale( locale.LC_ALL, 'fr_FR')
elif platform == "win32":
locale.setlocale( locale.LC_ALL, 'French_France.1252')
我的代码还使用以下库：
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import time as time
import datetime
当我在 matplotlib 图上显示本地化日期时，代码失败。故障线路是：
fig.tight_layout()
并返回此错误：
UnicodeDecodeError: 'utf-8' codec can't decode byte 0xe9 in position 10: invalid continuation byte
显然是编码问题。
我的电脑使用 windows 10，我的 python 设置是 Python 3.6.4 |Anaconda 4.4.0 (64-bit)| （默认，2018 年 1 月 16 日，10:22:32）[MSC v.1900 64 位 (AMD64)]
返回的完整错误是：
'Periode du lundi 04/12/2017 17:11:41 au lundi 04/12/2017 21:59:59 \n Duree de 4h48m19s'
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
UnicodeDecodeError Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-28-4b9aa2e0100e> in <module>()
48 fig=trace_et_leq_ln(et)
49
---> 50 fig.tight_layout()
51 fig.subplots_adjust(top=0.85)
52
~\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\figure.py in tight_layout(self, renderer, pad, h_pad, w_pad, rect)
2028 kwargs = get_tight_layout_figure(
2029 self, self.axes, subplotspec_list, renderer,
-> 2030 pad=pad, h_pad=h_pad, w_pad=w_pad, rect=rect)
2031 self.subplots_adjust(**kwargs)
2032
~\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\tight_layout.py in get_tight_layout_figure(fig, axes_list, subplotspec_list, renderer, pad, h_pad, w_pad, rect)
349 subplot_list=subplot_list,
350 ax_bbox_list=ax_bbox_list,
--> 351 pad=pad, h_pad=h_pad, w_pad=w_pad)
352
353 if rect is not None:
~\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\tight_layout.py in auto_adjust_subplotpars(fig, renderer, nrows_ncols, num1num2_list, subplot_list, ax_bbox_list, pad, h_pad, w_pad, rect)
127 continue
128
--> 129 tight_bbox_raw = union([ax.get_tightbbox(renderer) for ax in subplots
130 if ax.get_visible()])
131 tight_bbox = TransformedBbox(tight_bbox_raw,
~\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\tight_layout.py in <listcomp>(.0)
128
129 tight_bbox_raw = union([ax.get_tightbbox(renderer) for ax in subplots
--> 130 if ax.get_visible()])
131 tight_bbox = TransformedBbox(tight_bbox_raw,
132 fig.transFigure.inverted())
~\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\axes\_base.py in get_tightbbox(self, renderer, call_axes_locator)
4013 bb.append(self._right_title.get_window_extent(renderer))
4014
-> 4015 bb_xaxis = self.xaxis.get_tightbbox(renderer)
4016 if bb_xaxis:
4017 bb.append(bb_xaxis)
~\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\axis.py in get_tightbbox(self, renderer)
1088 return
1089
-> 1090 ticks_to_draw = self._update_ticks(renderer)
1091 ticklabelBoxes, ticklabelBoxes2 = self._get_tick_bboxes(ticks_to_draw,
1092 renderer)
~\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\axis.py in _update_ticks(self, renderer)
972
973 interval = self.get_view_interval()
--> 974 tick_tups = list(self.iter_ticks())
975 if self._smart_bounds and tick_tups:
976 # handle inverted limits
~\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\axis.py in iter_ticks(self)
919 self.major.formatter.set_locs(majorLocs)
920 majorLabels = [self.major.formatter(val, i)
--> 921 for i, val in enumerate(majorLocs)]
922
923 minorLocs = self.minor.locator()
~\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\axis.py in <listcomp>(.0)
919 self.major.formatter.set_locs(majorLocs)
920 majorLabels = [self.major.formatter(val, i)
--> 921 for i, val in enumerate(majorLocs)]
922
923 minorLocs = self.minor.locator()
~\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pandas\plotting\_converter.py in __call__(self, x, pos)
1106 else:
1107 fmt = self.formatdict.pop(x, '')
-> 1108 return Period(ordinal=int(x), freq=self.freq).strftime(fmt)
1109
1110
pandas/_libs/period.pyx in pandas._libs.period._Period.strftime()
pandas/_libs/period.pyx in pandas._libs.period.period_format()
pandas/_libs/period.pyx in pandas._libs.period._period_strftime()
UnicodeDecodeError: 'utf-8' codec can't decode byte 0xe9 in position 10: invalid continuation byte
Error in callback <function install_repl_displayhook.<locals>.post_execute at 0x00000213979E4840> (for post_execute):
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
UnicodeDecodeError Traceback (most recent call last)
~\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\pyplot.py in post_execute()
148 def post_execute():
149 if matplotlib.is_interactive():
--> 150 draw_all()
151
152 # IPython >= 2
~\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\_pylab_helpers.py in draw_all(cls, force)
148 for f_mgr in cls.get_all_fig_managers():
149 if force or f_mgr.canvas.figure.stale:
--> 150 f_mgr.canvas.draw_idle()
151
152 atexit.register(Gcf.destroy_all)
~\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\backend_bases.py in draw_idle(self, *args, **kwargs)
2059 if not self._is_idle_drawing:
2060 with self._idle_draw_cntx():
-> 2061 self.draw(*args, **kwargs)
2062
2063 def draw_cursor(self, event):
~\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\backends\backend_agg.py in draw(self)
428 # if toolbar:
429 # toolbar.set_cursor(cursors.WAIT)
--> 430 self.figure.draw(self.renderer)
431 finally:
432 # if toolbar:
~\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\artist.py in draw_wrapper(artist, renderer, *args, **kwargs)
53 renderer.start_filter()
54
---> 55 return draw(artist, renderer, *args, **kwargs)
56 finally:
57 if artist.get_agg_filter() is not None:
~\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\figure.py in draw(self, renderer)
1297
1298 mimage._draw_list_compositing_images(
-> 1299 renderer, self, artists, self.suppressComposite)
1300
1301 renderer.close_group('figure')
~\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\image.py in _draw_list_compositing_images(renderer, parent, artists, suppress_composite)
136 if not_composite or not has_images:
137 for a in artists:
--> 138 a.draw(renderer)
139 else:
140 # Composite any adjacent images together
~\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\artist.py in draw_wrapper(artist, renderer, *args, **kwargs)
53 renderer.start_filter()
54
---> 55 return draw(artist, renderer, *args, **kwargs)
56 finally:
57 if artist.get_agg_filter() is not None:
~\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\axes\_base.py in draw(self, renderer, inframe)
2435 renderer.stop_rasterizing()
2436
-> 2437 mimage._draw_list_compositing_images(renderer, self, artists)
2438
2439 renderer.close_group('axes')
~\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\image.py in _draw_list_compositing_images(renderer, parent, artists, suppress_composite)
136 if not_composite or not has_images:
137 for a in artists:
--> 138 a.draw(renderer)
139 else:
140 # Composite any adjacent images together
~\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\artist.py in draw_wrapper(artist, renderer, *args, **kwargs)
53 renderer.start_filter()
54
---> 55 return draw(artist, renderer, *args, **kwargs)
56 finally:
57 if artist.get_agg_filter() is not None:
~\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\axis.py in draw(self, renderer, *args, **kwargs)
1131 renderer.open_group(__name__)
1132
-> 1133 ticks_to_draw = self._update_ticks(renderer)
1134 ticklabelBoxes, ticklabelBoxes2 = self._get_tick_bboxes(ticks_to_draw,
1135 renderer)
~\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\axis.py in _update_ticks(self, renderer)
972
973 interval = self.get_view_interval()
--> 974 tick_tups = list(self.iter_ticks())
975 if self._smart_bounds and tick_tups:
976 # handle inverted limits
~\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\axis.py in iter_ticks(self)
919 self.major.formatter.set_locs(majorLocs)
920 majorLabels = [self.major.formatter(val, i)
--> 921 for i, val in enumerate(majorLocs)]
922
923 minorLocs = self.minor.locator()
~\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\axis.py in <listcomp>(.0)
919 self.major.formatter.set_locs(majorLocs)
920 majorLabels = [self.major.formatter(val, i)
--> 921 for i, val in enumerate(majorLocs)]
922
923 minorLocs = self.minor.locator()
~\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pandas\plotting\_converter.py in __call__(self, x, pos)
1106 else:
1107 fmt = self.formatdict.pop(x, '')
-> 1108 return Period(ordinal=int(x), freq=self.freq).strftime(fmt)
1109
1110
pandas/_libs/period.pyx in pandas._libs.period._Period.strftime()
pandas/_libs/period.pyx in pandas._libs.period.period_format()
pandas/_libs/period.pyx in pandas._libs.period._period_strftime()
UnicodeDecodeError: 'utf-8' codec can't decode byte 0xe9 in position 10: invalid continuation byte
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
UnicodeDecodeError Traceback (most recent call last)
~\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\IPython\core\formatters.py in __call__(self, obj)
339 pass
340 else:
--> 341 return printer(obj)
342 # Finally look for special method names
343 method = get_real_method(obj, self.print_method)
~\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\IPython\core\pylabtools.py in <lambda>(fig)
236
237 if 'png' in formats:
--> 238 png_formatter.for_type(Figure, lambda fig: print_figure(fig, 'png', **kwargs))
239 if 'retina' in formats or 'png2x' in formats:
240 png_formatter.for_type(Figure, lambda fig: retina_figure(fig, **kwargs))
~\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\IPython\core\pylabtools.py in print_figure(fig, fmt, bbox_inches, **kwargs)
120
121 bytes_io = BytesIO()
--> 122 fig.canvas.print_figure(bytes_io, **kw)
123 data = bytes_io.getvalue()
124 if fmt == 'svg':
~\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\backend_bases.py in print_figure(self, filename, dpi, facecolor, edgecolor, orientation, format, **kwargs)
2214 orientation=orientation,
2215 dryrun=True,
-> 2216 **kwargs)
2217 renderer = self.figure._cachedRenderer
2218 bbox_inches = self.figure.get_tightbbox(renderer)
~\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\backends\backend_agg.py in print_png(self, filename_or_obj, *args, **kwargs)
505
506 def print_png(self, filename_or_obj, *args, **kwargs):
--> 507 FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self)
508 renderer = self.get_renderer()
509 original_dpi = renderer.dpi
~\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\backends\backend_agg.py in draw(self)
428 # if toolbar:
429 # toolbar.set_cursor(cursors.WAIT)
--> 430 self.figure.draw(self.renderer)
431 finally:
432 # if toolbar:
~\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\artist.py in draw_wrapper(artist, renderer, *args, **kwargs)
53 renderer.start_filter()
54
---> 55 return draw(artist, renderer, *args, **kwargs)
56 finally:
57 if artist.get_agg_filter() is not None:
~\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\figure.py in draw(self, renderer)
1297
1298 mimage._draw_list_compositing_images(
-> 1299 renderer, self, artists, self.suppressComposite)
1300
1301 renderer.close_group('figure')
~\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\image.py in _draw_list_compositing_images(renderer, parent, artists, suppress_composite)
136 if not_composite or not has_images:
137 for a in artists:
--> 138 a.draw(renderer)
139 else:
140 # Composite any adjacent images together
~\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\artist.py in draw_wrapper(artist, renderer, *args, **kwargs)
53 renderer.start_filter()
54
---> 55 return draw(artist, renderer, *args, **kwargs)
56 finally:
57 if artist.get_agg_filter() is not None:
~\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\axes\_base.py in draw(self, renderer, inframe)
2435 renderer.stop_rasterizing()
2436
-> 2437 mimage._draw_list_compositing_images(renderer, self, artists)
2438
2439 renderer.close_group('axes')
~\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\image.py in _draw_list_compositing_images(renderer, parent, artists, suppress_composite)
136 if not_composite or not has_images:
137 for a in artists:
--> 138 a.draw(renderer)
139 else:
140 # Composite any adjacent images together
~\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\artist.py in draw_wrapper(artist, renderer, *args, **kwargs)
53 renderer.start_filter()
54
---> 55 return draw(artist, renderer, *args, **kwargs)
56 finally:
57 if artist.get_agg_filter() is not None:
~\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\axis.py in draw(self, renderer, *args, **kwargs)
1131 renderer.open_group(__name__)
1132
-> 1133 ticks_to_draw = self._update_ticks(renderer)
1134 ticklabelBoxes, ticklabelBoxes2 = self._get_tick_bboxes(ticks_to_draw,
1135 renderer)
~\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\axis.py in _update_ticks(self, renderer)
972
973 interval = self.get_view_interval()
--> 974 tick_tups = list(self.iter_ticks())
975 if self._smart_bounds and tick_tups:
976 # handle inverted limits
~\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\axis.py in iter_ticks(self)
919 self.major.formatter.set_locs(majorLocs)
920 majorLabels = [self.major.formatter(val, i)
--> 921 for i, val in enumerate(majorLocs)]
922
923 minorLocs = self.minor.locator()
~\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\axis.py in <listcomp>(.0)
919 self.major.formatter.set_locs(majorLocs)
920 majorLabels = [self.major.formatter(val, i)
--> 921 for i, val in enumerate(majorLocs)]
922
923 minorLocs = self.minor.locator()
~\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pandas\plotting\_converter.py in __call__(self, x, pos)
1106 else:
1107 fmt = self.formatdict.pop(x, '')
-> 1108 return Period(ordinal=int(x), freq=self.freq).strftime(fmt)
1109
1110
pandas/_libs/period.pyx in pandas._libs.period._Period.strftime()
pandas/_libs/period.pyx in pandas._libs.period.period_format()
pandas/_libs/period.pyx in pandas._libs.period._period_strftime()
UnicodeDecodeError: 'utf-8' codec can't decode byte 0xe9 in position 10: invalid continuation byte
<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x2139d1ab630>
并且repr字符串是：
'Periode du lundi 04/12/2017 17:11:41 au lundi 04/12/2017 21:59:59 \n Duree de 4h48m19s'
在谷歌上花了太多时间后，我找不到任何明确的答案。有什么建议么 ？