目标
我希望能够在我正在设计的托管框架内通过 WCF 托管和连接到 vanilla sockets 服务器。我希望能够使用 WCF 来编码当今必须由套接字程序员手动管理的传输和协议通信。这将使我能够与只公开传统套接字和专有协议的 Linux 服务器守护进程实现最终的互操作性。我现在只对一般使用 WcfTestClient 验证传输通道层感兴趣。我的理解是 WcfTestClient 不支持复杂的服务方法。
有人认为可以使 WcfTestClient 用于自定义传输通道吗? 如果能够通用地使用这个客户端来测试任意数量的自定义传输通道,那就太好了。
概述
我正在努力了解 Windows SDK 中包含的 WCF Udp 示例,通常位于 C:\Program Files\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v6.1\Samples\WCFSamples\TechnologySamples\Extensibility\Transport\Udp\CS,假设WCFSamples.zip 文件完全从 Samples 目录中提取。
这些是我迄今为止采取的步骤:
(成功):在 Visual Studio 2008 中成功运行解决方案的服务和客户端。
(成功):使用通常位于 C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 9.0\Common7\IDE 的 WcfTestClient 连接到 MEX 端点
(失败):使用 WcfTestClient 尝试从 ICalculatorContract 或 IDatagramContract 服务合同执行方法。
例如,当我执行 Hello() 方法时,我收到以下错误:
友情留言:
调用服务失败。可能原因:服务离线或无法访问;客户端配置与代理不匹配;现有代理无效。有关更多详细信息,请参阅堆栈跟踪。您可以尝试通过启动新代理、恢复到默认配置或刷新服务来恢复。
错误详情:
带有合同“IDatagramContract”的 ServiceEndpoint 上的 CustomBinding 缺少 TransportBindingElement。每个绑定必须至少有一个从 TransportBindingElement 派生的绑定元素。在 System.ServiceModel.Channels.Binding.EnsureInvariants(String contractName) 在 System.ServiceModel.Description.ServiceEndpoint.EnsureInvariants() 在 System.ServiceModel.Channels.ServiceChannelFactory.BuildChannelFactory(ServiceEndpoint serviceEndpoint) 在 System.ServiceModel.ChannelFactory.CreateFactory()在 System.ServiceModel.ChannelFactory.OnOpening() 在 System.ServiceModel.Channels.CommunicationObject.Open(TimeSpan timeout) 在 System.ServiceModel.ChannelFactory.EnsureOpened() 在 System.ServiceModel.ChannelFactory
1.CreateChannel(EndpointAddress address, Uri via) at System.ServiceModel.ChannelFactory
1.CreateChannel() 在 System.ServiceModel.ClientBase1.CreateChannel() at System.ServiceModel.ClientBase
1.CreateChannelInternal() 在 System.ServiceModel.ClientBase`1.get_Channel() 在 DatagramContractClient.Hello()
了解客户端错误
UdpTransport 项目中定义的 UdpTransportBindingElement 肯定来自 TransportBindingElement,如下所示,所以我认为 WcfTestClient 配置文件中一定缺少某些内容和/或可能我必须以某种方式向测试客户端提供更多信息. 我基本上尝试将 Udp 解决方案的客户端项目的 System.ServiceModel 部分复制到 WcfTestClient 的配置文件中,并将传输程序集 dll 复制到与测试客户端相同的文件夹中,但我收到了相同的错误。
我的理解是,MEX 端点应该足以获取在服务上调用简单方法所需的信息。当然,我知道这个故事可能还有更多内容,考虑到我正在尝试让一个旨在测试开箱即用传输通道的客户端与自定义传输通道一起工作。
/// <summary>
/// Udp Binding Element.
/// Used to configure and construct Udp ChannelFactories and ChannelListeners.
/// </summary>
public class UdpTransportBindingElement
: TransportBindingElement // to signal that we're a transport
, IPolicyExportExtension // for policy export
, IWsdlExportExtension
ITransportPolicyImport 对自定义传输通道重要吗?
我询问 ITransportPolicyImport 是因为它是由 TransportBindingElement 的标准 WCF 派生实现的接口,但 Udp 示例没有实现此接口,我在 Web 搜索或 Safari 上找不到任何有用的东西。它甚至可能不相关。
例如...
public class HttpTransportBindingElement :
: TransportBindingElement
, IWsdlExportExtension
, IPolicyExportExtension
, ITransportPolicyImport
示例配置...
服务配置如下所示:
<system.serviceModel>
<!--
add our udpTransport handler for use by binding declarations
-->
<!--
add our standard binding handler for use by binding declarations
-->
<extensions>
<bindingElementExtensions>
<add name="udpTransport" type="Microsoft.ServiceModel.Samples.UdpTransportElement, UdpTransport" />
</bindingElementExtensions>
<bindingExtensions>
<add name="sampleProfileUdpBinding" type="Microsoft.ServiceModel.Samples.SampleProfileUdpBindingCollectionElement, UdpTransport" />
</bindingExtensions>
</extensions>
<services>
<service name="Microsoft.ServiceModel.Samples.ConfigurableCalculatorService" behaviorConfiguration="udpServiceBehavior">
<host>
<baseAddresses>
<add baseAddress="http://localhost:8000/udpsample"/>
</baseAddresses>
</host>
<endpoint address="soap.udp://localhost:8001/"
binding="sampleProfileUdpBinding"
bindingConfiguration="CalculatorServer"
contract="Microsoft.ServiceModel.Samples.ICalculatorContract" />
<endpoint address="soap.udp://localhost:8002/datagram"
binding="customBinding"
bindingConfiguration="DatagramServer"
contract="Microsoft.ServiceModel.Samples.IDatagramContract" />
<endpoint address="mex"
binding="mexHttpBinding"
contract="IMetadataExchange" />
</service>
</services>
<bindings>
<!--
server bindings
-->
<sampleProfileUdpBinding>
<binding name="CalculatorServer" clientBaseAddress="soap.udp://localhost:8003/" />
<binding name="DatagramServer" reliableSessionEnabled="false" />
</sampleProfileUdpBinding>
<customBinding>
<binding name="DatagramServer">
<binaryMessageEncoding />
<udpTransport/>
</binding>
</customBinding>
</bindings>
<behaviors>
<serviceBehaviors>
<behavior name="udpServiceBehavior">
<serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="True"/>
</behavior>
</serviceBehaviors>
</behaviors>
<client>
<endpoint address="" binding="sampleProfileUdpBinding" bindingConfiguration="CalculatorServer"
contract="Microsoft.ServiceModel.Samples.ICalculatorContract"
name="CalculatorClient" />
</client>
</system.serviceModel>
解决方案中的客户端配置如下所示:
<system.serviceModel>
<bindings>
<customBinding>
<binding name="CustomBinding_IDatagramContract">
<binaryMessageEncoding maxReadPoolSize="64" maxWritePoolSize="16"
maxSessionSize="2048">
<readerQuotas maxDepth="32" maxStringContentLength="8192" maxArrayLength="16384"
maxBytesPerRead="4096" maxNameTableCharCount="16384" />
</binaryMessageEncoding>
<UpdTransportElementClientSide maxBufferPoolSize="524288" maxMessageSize="65536"
multicast="false" />
</binding>
</customBinding>
<sampleProfileUdpBinding>
<binding name="SampleProfileUdpBinding_ICalculatorContract" closeTimeout="00:01:00"
openTimeout="00:01:00" receiveTimeout="00:10:00" sendTimeout="00:01:00"
orderedSession="true" reliableSessionEnabled="true" sessionInactivityTimeout="00:10:00"
clientBaseAddress="soap.udp://localhost:8003/" />
</sampleProfileUdpBinding>
</bindings>
<client>
<endpoint address="soap.udp://localhost:8001/" binding="sampleProfileUdpBinding"
bindingConfiguration="SampleProfileUdpBinding_ICalculatorContract"
contract="ICalculatorContract" name="SampleProfileUdpBinding_ICalculatorContract" />
<endpoint address="soap.udp://localhost:8002/datagram" binding="customBinding"
bindingConfiguration="CustomBinding_IDatagramContract" contract="IDatagramContract"
name="CustomBinding_IDatagramContract" />
</client>
<extensions>
<bindingElementExtensions>
<add name="UpdTransportElementClientSide" type="Microsoft.ServiceModel.Samples.UdpTransportElement, UdpTransport" />
</bindingElementExtensions>
<!-- This was added manually because svcutil.exe does not add this extension to the file -->
<bindingExtensions>
<add name="sampleProfileUdpBinding" type="Microsoft.ServiceModel.Samples.SampleProfileUdpBindingCollectionElement, UdpTransport" />
</bindingExtensions>
</extensions>
</system.serviceModel>