-6

我有两个与下面的代码有关的问题。首先，我知道这段代码很可怕，可以减少和改进。我希望能够添加整个字母表和数字，但是每一个都输入会很愚蠢。

第一个问题：如何缩短此代码？我对数组并不是很熟悉，但我猜这就是我会使用的。

第二个问题：如何使用数组来表示每个字母/数字？

谢谢你们。

/*
Blinks "BRENTON" in Morse Code, in pin # 12. 
 */

void setup() {
  // initialize the digital pin as an output.
  // Pin 13 has an LED connected on most Arduino boards:
  pinMode(12, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(13, OUTPUT);
}

int dot = 250;
int dash = dot * 3;
int space = dot * 7;
int rest = 250;

void A() {
  digitalWrite(12, HIGH);
  delay(dot);
  digitalWrite(12, LOW);
  delay(rest);
  digitalWrite(12, HIGH);
  delay(dash);
  digitalWrite(12, LOW);
  delay(space);
}
void B() {
  digitalWrite(12, HIGH);
  delay(dash);
  digitalWrite(12, LOW);
  delay(rest);
  digitalWrite(12, HIGH);
  delay(dot);
  digitalWrite(12, LOW);
  delay(rest);
  digitalWrite(12, HIGH);
  delay(dot);
  digitalWrite(12, LOW);
  delay(rest);
  digitalWrite(12, HIGH);
  delay(dot);
  digitalWrite(12, LOW);
  delay(space);
}
void R() {
  digitalWrite(12, HIGH);
  delay(dot);
  digitalWrite(12, LOW);
  delay(rest);
  digitalWrite(12, HIGH);
  delay(dash);
  digitalWrite(12, LOW);
  delay(rest);
  digitalWrite(12, HIGH);
  delay(dot);
  digitalWrite(12, LOW);
  delay(space);
}
void E() {
  digitalWrite(12, HIGH);
  delay(dot);
  digitalWrite(12, LOW);
  delay(space);
}
void N() {
  digitalWrite(12, HIGH);
  delay(dash);
  digitalWrite(12, LOW);
  delay(rest);
  digitalWrite(12, HIGH);
  delay(dot);
  digitalWrite(12, LOW);
  delay(space);
} 
void T() {
  digitalWrite(12, HIGH);
  delay(dash);
  digitalWrite(12, LOW);
  delay(space);
}
void O() {
  digitalWrite(12, HIGH);
  delay(dash);
  digitalWrite(12, LOW);
  delay(rest);
  digitalWrite(12, HIGH);
  delay(dash);
  digitalWrite(12, LOW);
  delay(rest);
  digitalWrite(12, HIGH);
  delay(dash);
  digitalWrite(12, LOW);
  delay(space);
}
void pin13(){
  digitalWrite(13, HIGH);
  delay(10000);
  digitalWrite(13, LOW);
  delay(1000);
}
void loopOne() {
  int i = 0;
  while(i < 100) {
    pin13();
    i++;
  }
}

void loop() {
  B();
  R();
  E();
  N();
  T();
  O();
  N();
}
4

1 回答 1

1

几年前，我为一个喜欢寻宝的朋友写了一个摩尔斯电码生成器。该代码控制了一个发射器。虽然它是用 C 语言编写的，但它可能会让您对如何执行此操作有所了解。你真的只需要三个例程，一个用于“dit”、“dah”和“space”。

play_space真的只是关掉声音和短暂的延迟。

play_mark实际上只是在一段时间内打开声音，并且可以在 Arduino 中编码为tone(pin, frequency, duration_milliseconds).

所有的东西init只是设置控制器以设定的频率播放音调。同样，使用tone(). 主要的是每个字符和数字在MCode它们的结构和数组中的表示。然后对于您要发送的字符串中的每个字符，您只需在数组中搜索直到找到匹配的字符，然后code使用xmit_symbol().

#define F_CPU 1000000
#include <avr/io.h>
#include <util/delay.h>

// transmission lengths, in milliseconds
#define DIT_MS 60                       // dit length of 120 should yield ~10 words per minute
#define DAH_MS (DIT_MS * 3)     // dah length
#define AL_SPACE (DIT_MS * 3)   // after-letter space
#define AW_SPACE (DIT_MS * 6)   // after-word space = 6 + after-letter space = 7

// simple diagnostic LED 
#define LED_1   PA0

// hardcoded callsign
const char* CALLSIGN = "HELLO WORLD";

static const struct
{
    const char symbol;
    const uint8_t length;
    const uint8_t code;

} MCode[] = 
{
    {'A', 2, 0b01000000},
    {'B', 4, 0b10010000},
    {'C', 4, 0b10100000},
    {'D', 3, 0b10000000},
    {'E', 1, 0b00000000},
    {'F', 4, 0b00100000},
    {'G', 3, 0b11000000},
    {'H', 4, 0b00000000},
    {'I', 2, 0b00000000},
    {'J', 4, 0b01110000},
    {'K', 3, 0b10100000},
    {'L', 4, 0b01000000},
    {'M', 2, 0b11000000},
    {'N', 2, 0b10000000},
    {'O', 3, 0b11100000},
    {'P', 4, 0b01100000},
    {'Q', 4, 0b11010000},
    {'R', 3, 0b01000000},
    {'S', 3, 0b00000000},
    {'T', 1, 0b10000000},
    {'U', 3, 0b00100000},
    {'V', 4, 0b00010000},
    {'W', 3, 0b01100000},
    {'X', 4, 0b10010000},
    {'Y', 4, 0b10110000},
    {'Z', 4, 0b11000000},
    {'1', 5, 0b01111000},
    {'2', 5, 0b00111000},
    {'3', 5, 0b00011000},
    {'4', 5, 0b00001000},
    {'5', 5, 0b00000000},
    {'6', 5, 0b10000000},
    {'7', 5, 0b11000000},
    {'8', 5, 0b11100000},
    {'9', 5, 0b11110000},
    {'0', 5, 0b11111000},
    {'-', 6, 0b10000100}
};


void init(void)
{
    // set up diagnostic led
    DDRA |= (1<<LED_1);
    // set up OC1A pin as output for PWM signal
    DDRB |= (1<<PB1);
    // set up fast PWM mode
    TCCR1A |= (1<<PWM1A);
    // timer1 prescaler
    TCCR1B |= (1<<CS12);    //  1/8 (yields ~490Hz at 1MHz FCPU) (p.117)
    // set OCR value to achieve close enough to square wave
    OCR1A = 128;
}

/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
////  ROUTINES TO CREATE MARKS AND SPACES
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
void play_space(uint16_t length)
{
    // play a space of the specified length
    PORTA &= ~(1<<LED_1);
    TCCR1A &= ~(1<<COM1A1);
    _delay_ms(length);
}

void play_mark(uint16_t length)
{
    // play a mark for specified length
    PORTA |= (1<<LED_1);
    TCCR1A |= (1<<COM1A1);
    _delay_ms(length);
    // always play a dit-length space afterwards
    PORTA &= ~(1<<LED_1);
    TCCR1A &= ~(1<<COM1A1);
    _delay_ms(DIT_MS);
}
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////



/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
////  TRANSMIT A CHARACTER AND INTER-CHARACTER SPACE
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
void xmit_symbol(uint8_t length, uint8_t code)
{
    for (uint8_t p = 0; p < length; p++)
    {
        uint8_t shift = 7 - p;
        uint8_t mask = 1<<shift;
        uint8_t result = code & mask;
        if (result == mask)
            play_mark(DAH_MS);
        else
            play_mark(DIT_MS);
    }
    play_space(AL_SPACE);
}
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////



/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
////  TRANSMIT A NULL-TERMINATED STRING
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
void xmit_callsign()
{
    uint8_t iStringPos;
    uint8_t iSearchPos;

    // Process each character of the callsign string.
    // NOTE: Trick here uses null terminator on string to make comparison false.
    for (iStringPos = 0; CALLSIGN[iStringPos]; iStringPos++)
    {
        // Linear search through array of structs seeking matching symbol.
        for (iSearchPos = 0; iSearchPos < (sizeof MCode / sizeof *MCode); iSearchPos++ )
        {
            if (CALLSIGN[iStringPos] == MCode[iSearchPos].symbol)
            {
                // We found a match, so transmit this character/symbol.
                xmit_symbol(MCode[iSearchPos].length, MCode[iSearchPos].code);

                // Bail out and move on down the string until done...
                break;
            }
        }
    }
}
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////



/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
////  MAIN LOOP
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
int main(void)
{
    // Initialize the controller.
    init();

    // Endless main loop.
    while(1)
    {
        // 3-second delay in before starting, for ease in copying...
        for (int n = 0; n < 3; n++) _delay_ms(1000);

        // call central transmit routine
        xmit_callsign();

        // insert a hard delay in between transmissions, for now
        for (int n = 0; n < 3; n++) _delay_ms(1000);
    }
    // required but unreachable
    return 0;
}
于 2017-08-09T09:51:34.827 回答