我正在尝试将 JRuby on Rails 战争部署到 Tomcat6 中。由于某种原因，它无法找到 activerecord-jdbcmysql-adapter。我正在运行 Rails 2.3.8、JRuby 1.5.5、JRuby-Rack 1.0.3。gem 是用 Bundler 打包的，我在 WEB-INF/gems/gems 目录中看到它：
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 2010-11-19 20:07 WEB-INF/gems/gems/activerecord-jdbcmysql-adapter-0.9.2
我是否缺少某些环境变量或导致 Tomcat 找不到 gem 的东西？它显示在 gem 列表中，它也在适当的目录中。
我的 database.yml 如下所示：
production:
adapter: jdbcmysql
encoding: utf8
database: mydb
host: localhost
port: 3306
username: foo
password: somepassword
追溯：
Nov 19, 2010 10:02:03 PM org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext log
SEVERE: unable to create shared application instance
org.jruby.rack.RackInitializationException: Please install the jdbcmysql adapter: `gem install activerecord-jdbcmysql-adapter` (load error: jdbc_adapter/jdbc_adapter_internal -- java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/jruby/internal/runtime/methods/InvocationMethodFactory$DescriptorInfo)
from /var/lib/tomcat6/webapps/fooproj/WEB-INF/gems/gems/activerecord-2.3.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_specification.rb:60:in `establish_connection'
from /var/lib/tomcat6/webapps/fooproj/WEB-INF/gems/gems/activerecord-2.3.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_specification.rb:55:in `establish_connection'
from /var/lib/tomcat6/webapps/fooproj/WEB-INF/gems/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:438:in `initialize_database'
from /var/lib/tomcat6/webapps/fooproj/WEB-INF/gems/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:141:in `process'
from /var/lib/tomcat6/webapps/fooproj/WEB-INF/gems/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:113:in `run'
from /var/lib/tomcat6/webapps/fooproj/WEB-INF/gems/gems/spree-0.11.1/lib/spree/initializer.rb:90:in `run'
from /var/lib/tomcat6/webapps/fooproj/WEB-INF/config/environment.rb:13
from /var/lib/tomcat6/webapps/fooproj/WEB-INF/config/environment.rb:44:in `load'
from file:/var/lib/tomcat6/webapps/fooproj/WEB-INF/lib/jruby-rack-1.0.3.jar!/jruby/rack/rails.rb:44:in `load_environment'
from file:/var/lib/tomcat6/webapps/fooproj/WEB-INF/lib/jruby-rack-1.0.3.jar!/jruby/rack/rails.rb:38:in `to_app'
from file:/var/lib/tomcat6/webapps/fooproj/WEB-INF/lib/jruby-rack-1.0.3.jar!/jruby/rack/rails.rb:186:in `new'
from <script>:2
from file:/var/lib/tomcat6/webapps/fooproj/WEB-INF/lib/jruby-rack-1.0.3.jar!/vendor/rack-1.2.1/rack/builder.rb:46:in `instance_eval'
from file:/var/lib/tomcat6/webapps/fooproj/WEB-INF/lib/jruby-rack-1.0.3.jar!/vendor/rack-1.2.1/rack/builder.rb:46:in `initialize'
from <script>:2:in `new'
from <script>:2
at org.jruby.rack.DefaultRackApplicationFactory$4.init(DefaultRackApplicationFactory.java:184)
at org.jruby.rack.DefaultRackApplicationFactory.getApplication(DefaultRackApplicationFactory.java:59)
at org.jruby.rack.SharedRackApplicationFactory.init(SharedRackApplicationFactory.java:27)
at org.jruby.rack.RackServletContextListener.contextInitialized(RackServletContextListener.java:40)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStart(StandardContext.java:3934)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.start(StandardContext.java:4429)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:791)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.access$000(ContainerBase.java:123)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$PrivilegedAddChild.run(ContainerBase.java:145)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:769)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:526)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployWAR(HostConfig.java:902)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployWARs(HostConfig.java:740)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployApps(HostConfig.java:500)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.start(HostConfig.java:1258)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.lifecycleEvent(HostConfig.java:321)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleSupport.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleSupport.java:119)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1053)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.start(StandardHost.java:722)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1045)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.start(StandardEngine.java:443)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.start(StandardService.java:516)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.start(StandardServer.java:710)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:583)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:616)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:288)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:616)
at org.apache.commons.daemon.support.DaemonLoader.start(DaemonLoader.java:177)
Caused by: org.jruby.exceptions.RaiseException: Please install the jdbcmysql adapter: `gem install activerecord-jdbcmysql-adapter` (load error: jdbc_adapter/jdbc_adapter_internal -- java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/jruby/internal/runtime/methods/InvocationMethodFactory$DescriptorInfo)
at Kernel.raise(/var/lib/tomcat6/webapps/fooproj/WEB-INF/gems/gems/activerecord-2.3.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_specification.rb:76)
at #<Class:01x3b96c67a>.establish_connection(/var/lib/tomcat6/webapps/fooproj/WEB-INF/gems/gems/activerecord-2.3.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_specification.rb:60)
at #<Class:01x3b96c67a>.establish_connection(/var/lib/tomcat6/webapps/fooproj/WEB-INF/gems/gems/activerecord-2.3.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_specification.rb:55)
at #<Class:01x3b96c67a>.establish_connection(/var/lib/tomcat6/webapps/fooproj/WEB-INF/gems/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:438)
at Rails::Initializer.initialize_database(/var/lib/tomcat6/webapps/fooproj/WEB-INF/gems/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:141)
at Rails::Initializer.process(/var/lib/tomcat6/webapps/fooproj/WEB-INF/gems/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:113)
at #<Class:01x77277ffa>.run(/var/lib/tomcat6/webapps/fooproj/WEB-INF/gems/gems/spree-0.11.1/lib/spree/initializer.rb:90)
at #<Class:01x251970e2>.run(/var/lib/tomcat6/webapps/fooproj/WEB-INF/config/environment.rb:13)
at (unknown).(unknown)(/var/lib/tomcat6/webapps/fooproj/WEB-INF/config/environment.rb:44)
at Kernel.load(file:/var/lib/tomcat6/webapps/fooproj/WEB-INF/lib/jruby-rack-1.0.3.jar!/jruby/rack/rails.rb:44)
at JRuby::Rack::RailsBooter::Rails2Environment.load_environment(file:/var/lib/tomcat6/webapps/fooproj/WEB-INF/lib/jruby-rack-1.0.3.jar!/jruby/rack/rails.rb:38)
at JRuby::Rack::RailsBooter::Rails2Environment.to_app(file:/var/lib/tomcat6/webapps/fooproj/WEB-INF/lib/jruby-rack-1.0.3.jar!/jruby/rack/rails.rb:186)
at #<Class:01x53371566>.new(<script>:2)
at (unknown).(unknown)(file:/var/lib/tomcat6/webapps/fooproj/WEB-INF/lib/jruby-rack-1.0.3.jar!/vendor/rack-1.2.1/rack/builder.rb:46)
at Kernel.instance_eval(file:/var/lib/tomcat6/webapps/fooproj/WEB-INF/lib/jruby-rack-1.0.3.jar!/vendor/rack-1.2.1/rack/builder.rb:46)
at Kernel.instance_eval(file:/var/lib/tomcat6/webapps/fooproj/WEB-INF/lib/jruby-rack-1.0.3.jar!/vendor/rack-1.2.1/rack/builder.rb:46)
at Rack::Builder.initialize(<script>:2)
at (unknown).new(<script>:2)
at (unknown).(unknown)(:1)
Nov 19, 2010 10:02:03 PM org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext log
SEVERE: Error: application initialization failed
org.jruby.rack.RackInitializationException: unable to create shared application instance
at org.jruby.rack.SharedRackApplicationFactory.init(SharedRackApplicationFactory.java:39)
at org.jruby.rack.RackServletContextListener.contextInitialized(RackServletContextListener.java:40)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStart(StandardContext.java:3934)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.start(StandardContext.java:4429)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:791)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.access$000(ContainerBase.java:123)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$PrivilegedAddChild.run(ContainerBase.java:145)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:769)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:526)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployWAR(HostConfig.java:902)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployWARs(HostConfig.java:740)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployApps(HostConfig.java:500)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.start(HostConfig.java:1258)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.lifecycleEvent(HostConfig.java:321)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleSupport.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleSupport.java:119)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1053)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.start(StandardHost.java:722)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1045)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.start(StandardEngine.java:443)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.start(StandardService.java:516)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.start(StandardServer.java:710)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:583)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:616)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:288)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:616)
at org.apache.commons.daemon.support.DaemonLoader.start(DaemonLoader.java:177)
Caused by: org.jruby.rack.RackInitializationException: Please install the jdbcmysql adapter: `gem install activerecord-jdbcmysql-adapter` (load error: jdbc_adapter/jdbc_adapter_internal -- java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/jruby/internal/runtime/methods/InvocationMethodFactory$DescriptorInfo)
from /var/lib/tomcat6/webapps/fooproj/WEB-INF/gems/gems/activerecord-2.3.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_specification.rb:60:in `establish_connection'
from /var/lib/tomcat6/webapps/fooproj/WEB-INF/gems/gems/activerecord-2.3.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_specification.rb:55:in `establish_connection'
from /var/lib/tomcat6/webapps/fooproj/WEB-INF/gems/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:438:in `initialize_database'
from /var/lib/tomcat6/webapps/fooproj/WEB-INF/gems/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:141:in `process'
from /var/lib/tomcat6/webapps/fooproj/WEB-INF/gems/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:113:in `run'
from /var/lib/tomcat6/webapps/fooproj/WEB-INF/gems/gems/spree-0.11.1/lib/spree/initializer.rb:90:in `run'
from /var/lib/tomcat6/webapps/fooproj/WEB-INF/config/environment.rb:13
from /var/lib/tomcat6/webapps/fooproj/WEB-INF/config/environment.rb:44:in `load'
from file:/var/lib/tomcat6/webapps/fooproj/WEB-INF/lib/jruby-rack-1.0.3.jar!/jruby/rack/rails.rb:44:in `load_environment'
from file:/var/lib/tomcat6/webapps/fooproj/WEB-INF/lib/jruby-rack-1.0.3.jar!/jruby/rack/rails.rb:38:in `to_app'
from file:/var/lib/tomcat6/webapps/fooproj/WEB-INF/lib/jruby-rack-1.0.3.jar!/jruby/rack/rails.rb:186:in `new'
from <script>:2
from file:/var/lib/tomcat6/webapps/fooproj/WEB-INF/lib/jruby-rack-1.0.3.jar!/vendor/rack-1.2.1/rack/builder.rb:46:in `instance_eval'
from file:/var/lib/tomcat6/webapps/fooproj/WEB-INF/lib/jruby-rack-1.0.3.jar!/vendor/rack-1.2.1/rack/builder.rb:46:in `initialize'
from <script>:2:in `new'
from <script>:2
at org.jruby.rack.DefaultRackApplicationFactory$4.init(DefaultRackApplicationFactory.java:184)
at org.jruby.rack.DefaultRackApplicationFactory.getApplication(DefaultRackApplicationFactory.java:59)
at org.jruby.rack.SharedRackApplicationFactory.init(SharedRackApplicationFactory.java:27)
... 32 more
Caused by: org.jruby.exceptions.RaiseException: Please install the jdbcmysql adapter: `gem install activerecord-jdbcmysql-adapter` (load error: jdbc_adapter/jdbc_adapter_internal -- java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/jruby/internal/runtime/methods/InvocationMethodFactory$DescriptorInfo)
at Kernel.raise(/var/lib/tomcat6/webapps/fooproj/WEB-INF/gems/gems/activerecord-2.3.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_specification.rb:76)
at #<Class:01x3b96c67a>.establish_connection(/var/lib/tomcat6/webapps/fooproj/WEB-INF/gems/gems/activerecord-2.3.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_specification.rb:60)
at #<Class:01x3b96c67a>.establish_connection(/var/lib/tomcat6/webapps/fooproj/WEB-INF/gems/gems/activerecord-2.3.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_specification.rb:55)
at #<Class:01x3b96c67a>.establish_connection(/var/lib/tomcat6/webapps/fooproj/WEB-INF/gems/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:438)
at Rails::Initializer.initialize_database(/var/lib/tomcat6/webapps/fooproj/WEB-INF/gems/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:141)
at Rails::Initializer.process(/var/lib/tomcat6/webapps/fooproj/WEB-INF/gems/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:113)
at #<Class:01x77277ffa>.run(/var/lib/tomcat6/webapps/fooproj/WEB-INF/gems/gems/spree-0.11.1/lib/spree/initializer.rb:90)
at #<Class:01x251970e2>.run(/var/lib/tomcat6/webapps/fooproj/WEB-INF/config/environment.rb:13)
at (unknown).(unknown)(/var/lib/tomcat6/webapps/fooproj/WEB-INF/config/environment.rb:44)
at Kernel.load(file:/var/lib/tomcat6/webapps/fooproj/WEB-INF/lib/jruby-rack-1.0.3.jar!/jruby/rack/rails.rb:44)
at JRuby::Rack::RailsBooter::Rails2Environment.load_environment(file:/var/lib/tomcat6/webapps/fooproj/WEB-INF/lib/jruby-rack-1.0.3.jar!/jruby/rack/rails.rb:38)
at JRuby::Rack::RailsBooter::Rails2Environment.to_app(file:/var/lib/tomcat6/webapps/fooproj/WEB-INF/lib/jruby-rack-1.0.3.jar!/jruby/rack/rails.rb:186)
at #<Class:01x53371566>.new(<script>:2)
at (unknown).(unknown)(file:/var/lib/tomcat6/webapps/fooproj/WEB-INF/lib/jruby-rack-1.0.3.jar!/vendor/rack-1.2.1/rack/builder.rb:46)
at Kernel.instance_eval(file:/var/lib/tomcat6/webapps/fooproj/WEB-INF/lib/jruby-rack-1.0.3.jar!/vendor/rack-1.2.1/rack/builder.rb:46)
at Kernel.instance_eval(file:/var/lib/tomcat6/webapps/fooproj/WEB-INF/lib/jruby-rack-1.0.3.jar!/vendor/rack-1.2.1/rack/builder.rb:46)
at Rack::Builder.initialize(<script>:2)
at (unknown).new(<script>:2)
at (unknown).(unknown)(:1)