我正在尝试优化一些在嵌入式系统中工作的代码(FLAC 解码、Windows CE、ARM 926 MCU)。
默认实现使用宏和查找表:
/* counts the # of zero MSBs in a word */
#define COUNT_ZERO_MSBS(word) ( \
(word) <= 0xffff ? \
( (word) <= 0xff? byte_to_unary_table[word] + 24 : \
byte_to_unary_table[(word) >> 8] + 16 ) : \
( (word) <= 0xffffff? byte_to_unary_table[word >> 16] + 8 : \
byte_to_unary_table[(word) >> 24] ) \
)
static const unsigned char byte_to_unary_table[] = {
8, 7, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4,
3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3,
2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2,
2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2,
1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0
};
bsr
然而,大多数 CPU在 x86 和clz
ARM ( http://www.devmaster.net/articles/fixed-point-optimizations/ ) 上已经有一个专用指令,这应该更有效。
在 Windows CE 上,我们有内部函数_CountLeadingZeros
,它应该只是调用那个值。然而,它比宏慢 4 倍(以 1000 万次迭代测量)。
(应该)依赖于专用 ASM 指令的内在函数怎么可能慢 4 倍?