python - 无法使用 sudo pip3 install networkit 安装 Networkit

Question

我一直在尝试使用 sudo pip3 install networkit 安装 Networkit，如他们网站中所述，但我收到此错误！

Collecting networkit
  Downloading networkit-4.1.1.tar.gz (936kB)
    100% |████████████████████████████████| 942kB 1.6MB/s 
Installing collected packages: networkit
  Running setup.py install for networkit ... error
    Complete output from command /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/bin/python3.5 -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/private/tmp/pip-build-p2tcuarv/networkit/setup.py';exec(compile(getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__).read().replace('\r\n', '\n'), __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-ac3b1wc7-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile:
    /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/lib/python3.5/site-packages/Cython/Distutils/old_build_ext.py:30: UserWarning: Cython.Distutils.old_build_ext does not properly handle dependencies and is deprecated.
      "Cython.Distutils.old_build_ext does not properly handle dependencies "
    running install
    running build
    running build_py
    creating build
    creating build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5
    creating build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit
    copying networkit/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit
    copying networkit/algebraic.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit
    copying networkit/centrality.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit
    copying networkit/clique.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit
    copying networkit/coarsening.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit
    copying networkit/coloring.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit
    copying networkit/community.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit
    copying networkit/components.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit
    copying networkit/correlation.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit
    copying networkit/distance.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit
    copying networkit/dynamic.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit
    copying networkit/engineering.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit
    copying networkit/flow.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit
    copying networkit/generators.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit
    copying networkit/GEXFIO.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit
    copying networkit/globals.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit
    copying networkit/graph.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit
    copying networkit/graphio.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit
    copying networkit/GraphMLIO.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit
    copying networkit/linkprediction.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit
    copying networkit/matching.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit
    copying networkit/nxadapter.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit
    copying networkit/partitioning.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit
    copying networkit/plot.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit
    copying networkit/sampling.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit
    copying networkit/scd.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit
    copying networkit/simulation.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit
    copying networkit/sparsification.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit
    copying networkit/stats.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit
    copying networkit/stopwatch.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit
    copying networkit/structures.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit
    copying networkit/viztasks.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit
    copying networkit/workflows.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit
    creating build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit/gephi
    copying networkit/gephi/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit/gephi
    copying networkit/gephi/csv.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit/gephi
    copying networkit/gephi/pyclient.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit/gephi
    copying networkit/gephi/streaming.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit/gephi
    creating build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit/profiling
    copying networkit/profiling/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit/profiling
    copying networkit/profiling/job.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit/profiling
    copying networkit/profiling/multiprocessing_helper.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit/profiling
    copying networkit/profiling/plot.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit/profiling
    copying networkit/profiling/profiling.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit/profiling
    copying networkit/profiling/stat.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit/profiling
    creating build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit/test
    copying networkit/test/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit/test
    copying networkit/test/test_algorithms.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit/test
    copying networkit/test/test_community.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit/test
    copying networkit/test/test_graphio.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit/test
    copying networkit/test/test_sparsification.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit/test
    creating build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit/test/extension
    copying networkit/test/extension/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit/test/extension
    copying networkit/test/extension/test.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit/test/extension
    creating build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit/test/gephi
    copying networkit/test/gephi/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit/test/gephi
    creating build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit/profiling/html
    copying networkit/profiling/html/measure.html -> build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit/profiling/html
    copying networkit/profiling/html/overlay.html -> build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit/profiling/html
    copying networkit/profiling/html/profile.html -> build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit/profiling/html
    copying networkit/profiling/html/profiling.css -> build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit/profiling/html
    copying networkit/profiling/html/profiling.js -> build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit/profiling/html
    creating build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit/profiling/latex
    copying networkit/profiling/latex/measure.tex -> build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit/profiling/latex
    copying networkit/profiling/latex/profile.tex -> build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit/profiling/latex
    creating build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit/profiling/description
    copying networkit/profiling/description/descriptions.txt -> build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-3.5/networkit/profiling/description
    running build_ext
    initializing NetworKit compilation with: scons --optimize=Opt --target=Core -j8 --compiler=g++-4.8 --std=c++11
    scons: Reading SConscript files ...
    scons: done reading SConscript files.
    scons: Building targets ...
    g++-4.8 -o .buildOpt/algebraic/AdjacencyMatrix.o -c -std=c++11 -Wall -c -fmessage-length=0 -fPIC -fopenmp -O3 -DNDEBUG -DLOG_LEVEL=LOG_LEVEL_INFO networkit/cpp/algebraic/AdjacencyMatrix.cpp
    g++-4.8 -o .buildOpt/algebraic/CSRMatrix.o -c -std=c++11 -Wall -c -fmessage-length=0 -fPIC -fopenmp -O3 -DNDEBUG -DLOG_LEVEL=LOG_LEVEL_INFO networkit/cpp/algebraic/CSRMatrix.cpp
    g++-4.8 -o .buildOpt/algebraic/DenseMatrix.o -c -std=c++11 -Wall -c -fmessage-length=0 -fPIC -fopenmp -O3 -DNDEBUG -DLOG_LEVEL=LOG_LEVEL_INFO networkit/cpp/algebraic/DenseMatrix.cpp
    g++-4.8 -o .buildOpt/algebraic/DiagonalMatrix.o -c -std=c++11 -Wall -c -fmessage-length=0 -fPIC -fopenmp -O3 -DNDEBUG -DLOG_LEVEL=LOG_LEVEL_INFO networkit/cpp/algebraic/DiagonalMatrix.cpp
    g++-4.8 -o .buildOpt/algebraic/IncidenceMatrix.o -c -std=c++11 -Wall -c -fmessage-length=0 -fPIC -fopenmp -O3 -DNDEBUG -DLOG_LEVEL=LOG_LEVEL_INFO networkit/cpp/algebraic/IncidenceMatrix.cpp
    g++-4.8 -o .buildOpt/algebraic/LaplacianMatrix.o -c -std=c++11 -Wall -c -fmessage-length=0 -fPIC -fopenmp -O3 -DNDEBUG -DLOG_LEVEL=LOG_LEVEL_INFO networkit/cpp/algebraic/LaplacianMatrix.cpp
    g++-4.8 -o .buildOpt/algebraic/Matrix.o -c -std=c++11 -Wall -c -fmessage-length=0 -fPIC -fopenmp -O3 -DNDEBUG -DLOG_LEVEL=LOG_LEVEL_INFO networkit/cpp/algebraic/Matrix.cpp
    g++-4.8 -o .buildOpt/algebraic/NormalizedLaplacianMatrix.o -c -std=c++11 -Wall -c -fmessage-length=0 -fPIC -fopenmp -O3 -DNDEBUG -DLOG_LEVEL=LOG_LEVEL_INFO networkit/cpp/algebraic/NormalizedLaplacianMatrix.cpp
    /var/tmp//ccFjDjJZ.s:17:expecting string instruction after `rep'
    /var/tmp//ccFjDjJZ.s:56:expecting string instruction after `rep'
    scons: *** [.buildOpt/algebraic/DenseMatrix.o] Error 1
    /var/tmp//cch6WQOj.s:17:expecting string instruction after `rep'
    /var/tmp//cch6WQOj.s:56:expecting string instruction after `rep'
    /var/tmp//cch6WQOj.s:3864:expecting string instruction after `rep'
    /var/tmp//cch6WQOj.s:3869:expecting string instruction after `rep'
    scons: *** [.buildOpt/algebraic/Matrix.o] Error 1
    /var/tmp//ccjOB51r.s:17:expecting string instruction after `rep'
    scons: *** [.buildOpt/algebraic/CSRMatrix.o] Error 1
    scons: building terminated because of errors.
    scons returned an error, exiting setup.py

    ----------------------------------------
Command "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/bin/python3.5 -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/private/tmp/pip-build-p2tcuarv/networkit/setup.py';exec(compile(getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__).read().replace('\r\n', '\n'), __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-ac3b1wc7-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile" failed with error code 1 in /private/tmp/pip-build-p2tcuarv/networkit/

score 1 · Accepted Answer

这可能与您使用 OSX 有关。我有很多问题。NetworKit 的一个常见问题是安装会导致 MacOSX 出现许多奇怪的问题。

尝试并遵循这些提示或查看我所做的可能有助于解决您的问题的方法。

使用 ARCHFLAGS="-arch x86_64" 标志——已知这可以修复一些 Mac 配置设置
使用 c/c++ 编译器 gcc-4（我推荐 gcc 4.8，但 4.9 应该没问题）---更新。我使用 gcc-6 [我的版本：Homebrew gcc 6.2.0 --without-multilib] 成功地遵循了本指南，所以如果你想使用 gcc-6 应该没问题。---
确保您拥有所有依赖项
使用现代python3（例如最新的3.5）

这是一个可能的分步指南，可能会对您有所帮助。

第 1 步：确保您已安装 gcc-4.8 或 gcc-4.9 和现代 python3：例如：

$ gcc-4.8 --version
gcc-4.8 (Homebrew gcc48 4.8.5) 4.8.5 ....
$ python3 --version
Python 3.5.2

（（（如果您没有安装这些，我建议使用 homebrew 安装它）

$ brew install gcc48  # installs gcc-4.8 and g++-4.8

)

如果您需要自制软件，请参阅http://brew.sh/或直接运行：

$ /usr/bin/ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install)"

)

第 2 步：在您的家 (~) 中编辑您的 .profile 或 .bash_profile 脚本，以便您的终端具有安装 NetworKit 的有用设置。例如：

Dir$ echo $HOME  # Check what this is set to -- it should be similar for you
/Users/GFenn
Dir$ echo ~  # this should be the same as above
/Users/GFenn
Dir$ cd
~$ nano .profile #[or use "vim" or "echo >> " if you prefer]

##WHILE IN .profile (or whatever), ADD THE FOLLOWING LINES AT THE END
# Temporary configurations to help install NetworKit
CC="gcc-4.8"
CXX="g++-4.8"
ARCHFLAGS="-arch x86_64"
alias gcc="gcc-4.8"
alias g++="g++4.8"
##WHEN NETWORKIT IS INSTALLED, YOU CAN DELETE THESE LINES OR COMMENT OUT WITH #s

第 3 步：加载这些设置。简单 - 只需关闭并重新打开您的终端

$ exit

第 4 步：安装依赖或有用的 python3 模块：

 $ sudo pip3 install pandas seaborn scipy numpy matplotlib tabulate networkx cython sklearn ipython

（如果您已经拥有这些模块，则无需担心：但如果您想确保拥有新模块：

$ sudo pip3 install --upgrade --force-reinstall pandas seaborn scipy numpy matplotlib tabulate networkx cython sklearn ipython

)

第五步：下载源代码。[我发现这比 pip3 更有帮助：但如果你愿意，请先尝试简单的方法 '$sudo pip3 install networkit'！]

EITHER: Go to https://networkit.iti.kit.edu/get_started.html and scroll to "Build NetworKit from Source" and loop for the source code download
OR: just open https://networkit.iti.kit.edu/uploads/NetworKit.zip to download [works as of 13th Nov 2016]

（下载需要 2-5 分钟）

第 6 步：安装。（信息基于来自https://networkit.iti.kit.edu/get_started.html的提示--> 从源代码构建 NetworKit --> 构建 NetworKit）

$ cd ~/Downloads
$ open NetworKit.zip #[if you need to unzip to source code]
$ cd NetworKit #[switch to the top folder of NetworKit]
$ sudo python3 setup.py build_ext --inplace #[run the script setup.py]

（第 6 步需要 5-10 分钟。）

第7步：看看它是否有效。再次关闭终端（例如单击“退出终端”或运行“$ exit”）。重新打开并移回您的 ~/Downloads/NetworKit 目录。例如对我来说，我有以下内容：

$ python3
[GCC 4.2.1 Compatible Apple LLVM 8.0.0 (clang-800.0.38)] on darwin
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import networkit
/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/IPython/html.py:14: ShimWarning: The `IPython.html` package has been deprecated. You should import from `notebook` instead. `IPython.html.widgets` has moved to `ipywidgets`.
  "`IPython.html.widgets` has moved to `ipywidgets`.", ShimWarning)
>>> G = networkit.Graph(5)
>>> G.addEdge(0,1)
<_NetworKit.Graph object at 0x11405f1b0>
>>> G.toString()
b'Graph(name=G#3, n=5, m=1)'
>>> G.nodes()
[0, 1, 2, 3, 4]
>>> G.edges()
[(1, 0)]
>>> G.neighbors(3)
[]
>>> from networkit.generators import BarabasiAlbertGenerator
>>> g = BarabasiAlbertGenerator(5, 50, 8).generate()
>>> g.nodes()
[0, 1, 2, ...., 49]
>>> g.neighbors(5)
[4, 6, 21, 31, 38, 47]  # Will probably be different for you.
>>> quit()
$

如果一切似乎都在上面工作。恭喜。如果没有，我很抱歉.. 安装这样的东西并不容易！希望上面的一些提示和技巧将对您如何安装它的最终解决方案有用。

第 8 步：确认位置。第7步成功后，我发现模块位置不正确。要查看您是否有同样的问题，请转到一个新目录并重复第 7 步。例如，以下为我引发了导入错误：

$ cd ~
$ python3
>>> import networkit
ImportErrors..

要解决这个问题。您需要将整个 NetworKit 目录移动到 python3 可以找到它的好位置。您也许可以将其移至

/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/

这是 python3 寻找模块的地方之一。如果您执行此方法，则应使用以下命令将 /usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/networkit 添加到 PYTHONPATH：

$ export PYTHONPATH=$PYTHONPATH:/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/networkit  # To make this change permanent, add this line to your ~/.profile file.

但是，我推荐的执行步骤 8 的方法如下：

- $ mkdir ~/Documents/MyPython3Modules   # create a place to save your own built modules -- you can do this step with the Finder app too
- copy/drag the NetworKit folder (~/Downloads/NetworKit) to the new MyPython3Modules folder. I found this is easier with the Finder.
- edit your .profile file from the Terminal
~$ nano .profile  # or .bash_profile or whatever
##Add the following lines
export PYTHONPATH=$PYTHONPATH:~/Documents/MyPython3Modules  # Now any module import statements will look here too.
export PYTHONPATH=$PYTHONPATH:~/Documents/MyPython3Modules/NetworKit   
# or replace '~' with '/Users/GFenn' or whatever
$

（第二个 PYTHONPATH 附件的原因是 NetworKit 是一个东西目录，里面有实际的 networkit 模块[它调用 NetworKit 中的对象，所以你不能只移动 networkit 而不是整个 NetworKit]！）

第九步：确认成功。再次关闭终端并重新打开。转到远离 Downloads 和 MyPython3Modules 的新目录，然后查看：

$ cd ~
$ cd Documents/Junk_dir  # Junk_dir is a boring folder in Documents
$ python3
>>> import networkit
/usr/local/Cellar/python3/3.5.2_3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/lib/python3.5/site-packages/IPython/html.py:14: ShimWarning: The `IPython.html` package has been deprecated. You should import from `notebook` instead. `IPython.html.widgets` has moved to `ipywidgets`.
 "`IPython.html.widgets` has moved to `ipywidgets`.", ShimWarning)
>>> G = networkit.Graph(5)  # etc
>>> # all good
>>> quit()
$

希望本指南有所帮助。

python - 无法使用 sudo pip3 install networkit 安装 Networkit

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