我正在使用 ASP.NET Core 制作一项小型服务。我现在面临的第一件复杂的事情是将用户身份验证到我的系统中。
让我介绍一下我的身份验证流程：
+)客户端->调用 (api/account/authorize) ->系统检查客户端是否有效->将令牌发送回客户端，因为他/她是有效的。
+)客户端->使用获得的令牌->向 api/account/filter 请求->服务验证令牌并返回信息。
我已经阅读了一些关于 JWT 的教程，但响应中没有包含我需要的足够信息。我想要：
- 抛出 401并且一条消息描述了该状态代码，即：“ ACCOUNT_DISABLED ”、“ ACCOUNT_PENDING ”、“ ACCOUNT_PERMISSION_INSUFFICIENT ”……不仅仅是 401。
因此，我实现了自己的 Authenticate 验证器：
public class BearerAuthenticationHandler : AuthenticationHandler<BearerAuthenticationOption>
{
#region Properties
/// <summary>
/// Inject dependency service into the handler.
/// </summary>
private readonly JwtTokenSetting _encryptionSetting;
/// <summary>
/// Inject dependency service into the handler.
/// </summary>
private readonly IEncryptionService _encryptionService;
/// <summary>
/// Inject time service to handler.
/// </summary>
private readonly ITimeService _timeService;
private readonly IRepositoryAccount _repositoryAccount;
#endregion
#region Constructors
/// <summary>
/// Initialize an instance of handler with specific dependency injections.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="encryptionSetting"></param>
/// <param name="encryptionService"></param>
/// <param name="timeService"></param>
/// <param name="repositoryAccount"></param>
public BearerAuthenticationHandler(JwtTokenSetting encryptionSetting, IEncryptionService encryptionService, ITimeService timeService, IRepositoryAccount repositoryAccount)
{
_encryptionSetting = encryptionSetting;
_encryptionService = encryptionService;
_timeService = timeService;
_repositoryAccount = repositoryAccount;
}
#endregion
#region Methods
protected override async Task<AuthenticateResult> HandleAuthenticateAsync()
{
#region Token analyzation
// Find the authorization key in request.
var authorizationKey =
Request.Headers.Keys.FirstOrDefault(x => x.Equals("authorization", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase));
// Authorization key is not found in the request.
if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(authorizationKey))
return AuthenticateResult.Fail("No authorization is found in request header.");
// Find the token in Authorization.
var authorizationValue = Request.Headers[authorizationKey].ToString();
// Authentication scheme prefix.
var authenticationScheme = $"{Options.AuthenticationScheme} ";
// No token has been specified.
if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(authorizationValue) || !authorizationValue.StartsWith(authenticationScheme, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
return AuthenticateResult.Fail("No bearer token is found in request header.");
// Cut the string to obtain bearer token.
var accessToken = authorizationValue.Substring(authenticationScheme.Length);
#endregion
#region Token validation
// Decrypt the token.
var tokenDetailViewModel = _encryptionService.Decrypt<TokenDetailViewModel>(accessToken, _encryptionSetting.Key);
// No detail has been found.
if (tokenDetailViewModel == null)
{
InitializeHttpResponse(Response, HttpStatusCode.Unauthorized, new HttpResponseViewModel
{
Message = "TOKEN_INVALID"
});
return AuthenticateResult.Fail("Token is invalid");
}
// Find the current unix time on server.
var unixTime = _timeService.UtcToUnix(DateTime.UtcNow);
// Token is expired.
if (unixTime > tokenDetailViewModel.Expire)
{
InitializeHttpResponse(Response, HttpStatusCode.Unauthorized, new HttpResponseViewModel
{
Message = "TOKEN_EXPIRED"
});
return AuthenticateResult.Fail("Token is expired");
}
// Account filter construction.
var filterAccountViewModel = new FilterAccountViewModel
{
Email = tokenDetailViewModel.Email,
EmailComparison = TextComparision.Equal,
Password = tokenDetailViewModel.Password,
PasswordComparision = TextComparision.EqualIgnoreCase,
Statuses = new[] { AccountStatus.Active }
};
// Find the first condition statisfied account in the database.
var account = await _repositoryAccount.FindAccountAsync(filterAccountViewModel);
// Account cannot be found in the database.
if (account == null)
{
InitializeHttpResponse(Response, HttpStatusCode.Unauthorized, new HttpResponseViewModel
{
Message = "ACCOUNT_INVALID"
});
return AuthenticateResult.Fail("Account is invalid");
}
#endregion
var claimsIdentity = new ClaimsIdentity();
claimsIdentity.AddClaim(new Claim(nameof(JwtClaim.Email), account.Email));
claimsIdentity.AddClaim(new Claim(nameof(JwtClaim.Status), nameof(account.Status)));
// Update user into context.
var claimPrincipal = new ClaimsPrincipal(claimsIdentity);
// Initialize an authentication ticket.
var authenticationTicket = new AuthenticationTicket(claimPrincipal, new AuthenticationProperties
{
AllowRefresh = true,
ExpiresUtc = DateTime.UtcNow.AddMinutes(30),
IsPersistent = true,
IssuedUtc = DateTime.UtcNow
}, "Bearer");
return AuthenticateResult.Success(authenticationTicket);
}
/// <summary>
/// Initialize an application/json response.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="httpResponse"></param>
/// <param name="httpStatusCode"></param>
/// <param name="httpResponseViewModel"></param>
private void InitializeHttpResponse(HttpResponse httpResponse, HttpStatusCode httpStatusCode, HttpResponseViewModel httpResponseViewModel)
{
// Response must be always application/json.
httpResponse.ContentType = "application/json";
httpResponse.StatusCode = (int)httpStatusCode;
if (httpResponseViewModel == null)
return;
using (var streamWriter = new StreamWriter(httpResponse.Body))
{
streamWriter.AutoFlush = true;
streamWriter.WriteLineAsync(JsonConvert.SerializeObject(httpResponseViewModel));
}
}
#endregion
}
这是我的帐户控制器：
[Route("api/[controller]")]
public class AccountController : Controller
{
private readonly IRepositoryAccount _repositoryAccount;
private readonly IEncryptionService _encryptionService;
private readonly ITimeService _timeService;
private readonly JwtTokenSetting _jwtTokenSetting;
public AccountController(IRepositoryAccount repositoryAccount, IEncryptionService encryptionService, ITimeService timeService,
IOptions<JwtTokenSetting> jwtTokenSetting)
{
_repositoryAccount = repositoryAccount;
_encryptionService = encryptionService;
_timeService = timeService;
_jwtTokenSetting = jwtTokenSetting.Value;
}
[HttpPost("authorize")]
[AllowAnonymous]
public async Task<IActionResult> Authorize([FromBody] LoginViewModel loginViewModel)
{
// Find the encrypted password of login information.
var filterAccountViewModel = new FilterAccountViewModel();
filterAccountViewModel.Email = loginViewModel.Email;
filterAccountViewModel.EmailComparison = TextComparision.Equal;
filterAccountViewModel.Password = _encryptionService.FindEncryptPassword(loginViewModel.Password);
filterAccountViewModel.PasswordComparision = TextComparision.EqualIgnoreCase;
filterAccountViewModel.Statuses = new[] {AccountStatus.Active};
// Initialize HttpResponseViewModel.
var httpResponseViewModel = new HttpResponseViewModel();
// Find the account.
var account = await _repositoryAccount.FindAccountAsync(filterAccountViewModel);
// Account is not found.
if (account == null)
{
Response.ContentType = "application/json";
using (var streamWriter = new StreamWriter(Response.Body))
{
httpResponseViewModel.Message = "ACCOUNT_INVALID";
await streamWriter.WriteLineAsync(JsonConvert.SerializeObject(httpResponseViewModel));
}
return new UnauthorizedResult();
}
// Initialize token detail.
var tokenDetailViewModel = new TokenDetailViewModel
{
Email = loginViewModel.Email,
Password = filterAccountViewModel.Password,
Expire = _timeService.UtcToUnix(DateTime.UtcNow.AddSeconds(_jwtTokenSetting.Expire))
};
// Initialize token information and throw to client for their future use.
var tokenGeneralViewModel = new TokenGeneralViewModel
{
AccessToken = _encryptionService.Encrypt(tokenDetailViewModel, _jwtTokenSetting.Key),
Expire = _jwtTokenSetting.Expire
};
return Ok(tokenGeneralViewModel);
}
[HttpPost("filter")]
[Authorize(ActiveAuthenticationSchemes = "Bearer")]
public IEnumerable<string> FindAllAccounts()
{
Response.StatusCode = (int)HttpStatusCode.Accepted;
return new[] { "1", "2", "3", "4" };
}
}
当我使用 api/account/authorize 生成的令牌访问 api/account/filter 时。向我抛出了一个错误：
AuthenticationScheme：承载被禁止
谁能告诉我为什么？我的实施是不是最好的方法？
谢谢，