我在 Django 网站上运行简单的鼻子测试（代码可在此处获得）。根据发出 CLI 命令的顺序，我会得到截然不同的结果！
查看许多帖子，这似乎与关于加载过程的报道开始时间有关。我不明白的是：
- 为什么两种方法的遗漏陈述如此不同？
- 如果我一个接一个地运行一种方法，为什么覆盖率会大幅上升？
我专注于覆盖minerals/views.py
Djangosettings.py文件包含配置信息：
# Use nose to run all tests
TEST_RUNNER = 'django_nose.NoseTestSuiteRunner'
# Nose will measure coverage on the folllowing apps
NOSE_ARGS = [
'--with-coverage',
'--cover-package=minerals',
'--cover-html',
]
我在 Ubuntu 14.04LTS 上运行，使用 Python 3.5.1，使用 virtualenv 要求文件：
coverage==4.1
Django==1.9.6
django-debug-toolbar==1.4
django-nose==1.4.3
nose==1.3.7
sqlparse==0.1.19
运行测试方法一：
当我使用 运行测试时，coverage run --source '.' manage.py test minerals缺少语句： 12-13, 18-49。minerals/views.py
$ coverage run --source '.' manage.py test minerals
nosetests minerals --with-coverage --cover-package=minerals --cover-html --verbosity=1
Creating test database for alias 'default'...
..
Name Stmts Miss Cover
--------------------------------------------------------------------
[...]
minerals/views.py 18 8 56%
--------------------------------------------------------------------
TOTAL 73 48 34%
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 2 tests in 0.809s
注意：是的，由于某种未知原因，上面运行和下面报告之间的遗漏语句数量发生了变化。
全面覆盖report -m（来自文件report_source）：
Name Stmts Miss Cover Missing
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
manage.py 6 0 100%
mineral_catalog/__init__.py 0 0 100%
mineral_catalog/settings.py 21 0 100%
mineral_catalog/urls.py 6 0 100%
mineral_catalog/views.py 4 1 75% 6
mineral_catalog/wsgi.py 4 4 0% 10-16
minerals/__init__.py 0 0 100%
minerals/admin.py 3 0 100%
minerals/apps.py 3 3 0% 1-5
minerals/migrations/0001_initial.py 6 6 0% 3-15
minerals/migrations/0002_auto_20160608_1153.py 5 5 0% 3-14
minerals/migrations/__init__.py 0 0 100%
minerals/models.py 24 1 96% 30
minerals/templatetags/__init__.py 0 0 100%
minerals/templatetags/mineral_extras.py 12 6 50% 13-16, 22-23
minerals/tests.py 20 20 0% 1-31
minerals/urls.py 5 0 100%
minerals/views.py 18 11 39% 12-13, 18-49
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOTAL 137 57 58%
运行测试方法2：
如果我使用 运行测试./manage.py test minerals，则minerals/views.py缺少语句 1-10, 16, 42。
$ ./manage.py test minerals
nosetests minerals --with-coverage --cover-package=minerals --cover-html --verbosity=1
Creating test database for alias 'default'...
..
Name Stmts Miss Cover
--------------------------------------------------------------------
[...]
minerals/views.py 18 8 56%
--------------------------------------------------------------------
TOTAL 73 48 34%
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 2 tests in 0.818s
全面覆盖report -m（来自文件report_manage）：
Name Stmts Miss Cover Missing
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
minerals/__init__.py 0 0 100%
minerals/admin.py 3 3 0% 1-6
minerals/apps.py 3 3 0% 1-5
minerals/migrations/0001_initial.py 6 0 100%
minerals/migrations/0002_auto_20160608_1153.py 5 0 100%
minerals/migrations/__init__.py 0 0 100%
minerals/models.py 24 24 0% 1-30
minerals/templatetags/__init__.py 0 0 100%
minerals/templatetags/mineral_extras.py 12 8 33% 1-10, 19-23
minerals/tests.py 20 0 100%
minerals/urls.py 5 5 0% 1-10
minerals/views.py 18 8 56% 1-10, 16, 42
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOTAL 96 51 47%
运行测试方法3：
如果我在测试运行之间删除cover/目录和.coverage文件，上面的方法 1 和 2 每次都会产生与预期相同的结果。但是，如果我运行方法 1，然后运行方法 2（将cover/目录保留.coverage在方法 1 中的位置），我会得到截然不同的结果。minerals/views.py只是缺少语句 42。
$ ./manage.py test minerals
nosetests minerals --with-coverage --cover-package=minerals --cover-html --verbosity=1
Creating test database for alias 'default'...
..
Name Stmts Miss Cover
--------------------------------------------------------------------
[...]
minerals/views.py 18 1 94%
--------------------------------------------------------------------
TOTAL 73 4 95%
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 2 tests in 0.788s
全面覆盖report -m（来自文件report_sourceTHENmanage）：
Name Stmts Miss Cover Missing
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
manage.py 6 0 100%
mineral_catalog/__init__.py 0 0 100%
mineral_catalog/settings.py 21 0 100%
mineral_catalog/urls.py 6 0 100%
mineral_catalog/views.py 4 1 75% 6
mineral_catalog/wsgi.py 4 4 0% 10-16
minerals/__init__.py 0 0 100%
minerals/admin.py 3 0 100%
minerals/apps.py 3 3 0% 1-5
minerals/migrations/0001_initial.py 6 0 100%
minerals/migrations/0002_auto_20160608_1153.py 5 0 100%
minerals/migrations/__init__.py 0 0 100%
minerals/models.py 24 1 96% 30
minerals/templatetags/__init__.py 0 0 100%
minerals/templatetags/mineral_extras.py 12 2 83% 22-23
minerals/tests.py 20 0 100%
minerals/urls.py 5 0 100%
minerals/views.py 18 1 94% 42
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOTAL 137 12 91%
我不确定如何从这一点着手。我希望能够使用单个 CLI 命令获得一致的结果。
如果我需要提供更多信息来帮助调试，请告诉我！
更新：
尝试使用py.test，我能够使用以下方法获得单行覆盖：
$ coverage run --source minerals -m py.test minerals/tests.py
============================================ test session starts =============================================
platform linux -- Python 3.5.1, pytest-2.9.2, py-1.4.31, pluggy-0.3.1
django settings: mineral_catalog.settings (from ini file)
rootdir: [...]/mineral_catalog, inifile: pytest.ini
plugins: django-2.9.1
collected 2 items
minerals/tests.py ..
========================================= 2 passed in 10.88 seconds ==========================================
$ coverage report -m
Name Stmts Miss Cover Missing
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
minerals/__init__.py 0 0 100%
minerals/admin.py 3 0 100%
minerals/apps.py 3 3 0% 1-5
minerals/migrations/0001_initial.py 6 0 100%
minerals/migrations/0002_auto_20160608_1153.py 5 0 100%
minerals/migrations/__init__.py 0 0 100%
minerals/models.py 24 1 96% 30
minerals/templatetags/__init__.py 0 0 100%
minerals/templatetags/mineral_extras.py 12 2 83% 22-23
minerals/tests.py 20 0 100%
minerals/urls.py 5 0 100%
minerals/views.py 18 1 94% 42
TOTAL 96 7 93%