我正在尝试制作一个 Card 类，它可以复制仪表板小部件的行为，您可以在卡片的两侧放置控件或图像或其他任何东西并在它们之间翻转。
支持图层的视图有一个变换属性，但改变它并没有做我期望它做的事情（围绕 y 轴旋转图层会将其折叠到左侧）。
我被指出了一些未记录的功能和一个名为 cgsprivate.h 的 .h 文件，但我想知道是否有官方方法可以做到这一点？这个软件必须交付，我不想看到它以后失败，因为苹果人把它拉进了 10.6。
任何人都知道如何做到这一点？对我来说很奇怪，一个简单的小部件在 Core Animation 中很难做到。
提前致谢！
编辑：我可以使用图层上的图像来完成此行为，但我不知道如何获得更高级的控件/视图/图层上的任何内容。卡片示例使用图像。
Mike Lee 有一个翻转效果的实现，他已经发布了一些示例代码。（不幸的是，这不再在线提供，但 Drew McCormack在他自己的实现中构建了它。）看起来他抓住了要交换的“背景”和“前景”视图的图层，使用 CATransform3D 旋转动画中的两个视图，然后在动画完成后交换视图。
通过使用视图中的图层，您可以避免需要缓存到位图中，因为这就是图层正在做的事情。无论如何，他的视图控制器看起来是一个很好的解决方案，可以满足您的需求。
使用像 e.James 概述的核心动画......注意，这是使用垃圾收集和托管层：
#import "AnimationWindows.h"
@interface AnimationFlipWindow (PrivateMethods)
NSRect RectToScreen(NSRect aRect, NSView *aView);
NSRect RectFromScreen(NSRect aRect, NSView *aView);
NSRect RectFromViewToView(NSRect aRect, NSView *fromView, NSView *toView);
@end
#pragma mark -
@implementation AnimationFlipWindow
@synthesize flipForward = _flipForward;
- (id) init {
if ( self = [super init] ) {
_flipForward = YES;
}
return self;
}
- (void) finalize {
// Hint to GC for cleanup
[[NSGarbageCollector defaultCollector] collectIfNeeded];
[super finalize];
}
- (void) flip:(NSWindow *)activeWindow
toBack:(NSWindow *)targetWindow {
CGFloat duration = 1.0f * (activeWindow.currentEvent.modifierFlags & NSShiftKeyMask ? 10.0 : 1.0);
CGFloat zDistance = 1500.0f;
NSView *activeView = [activeWindow.contentView superview];
NSView *targetView = [targetWindow.contentView superview];
// Create an animation window
CGFloat maxWidth = MAX(NSWidth(activeWindow.frame), NSWidth(targetWindow.frame)) + 500;
CGFloat maxHeight = MAX(NSHeight(activeWindow.frame), NSHeight(targetWindow.frame)) + 500;
CGRect animationFrame = CGRectMake(NSMidX(activeWindow.frame) - (maxWidth / 2),
NSMidY(activeWindow.frame) - (maxHeight / 2),
maxWidth,
maxHeight);
mAnimationWindow = [NSWindow initForAnimation:NSRectFromCGRect(animationFrame)];
// Add a touch of perspective
CATransform3D transform = CATransform3DIdentity;
transform.m34 = -1.0 / zDistance;
[mAnimationWindow.contentView layer].sublayerTransform = transform;
// Relocate target window near active window
CGRect targetFrame = CGRectMake(NSMidX(activeWindow.frame) - (NSWidth(targetWindow.frame) / 2 ),
NSMaxY(activeWindow.frame) - NSHeight(targetWindow.frame),
NSWidth(targetWindow.frame),
NSHeight(targetWindow.frame));
[targetWindow setFrame:NSRectFromCGRect(targetFrame) display:NO];
mTargetWindow = targetWindow;
// New Active/Target Layers
[CATransaction begin];
CALayer *activeWindowLayer = [activeView layerFromWindow];
CALayer *targetWindowLayer = [targetView layerFromWindow];
[CATransaction commit];
activeWindowLayer.frame = NSRectToCGRect(RectFromViewToView(activeView.frame, activeView, [mAnimationWindow contentView]));
targetWindowLayer.frame = NSRectToCGRect(RectFromViewToView(targetView.frame, targetView, [mAnimationWindow contentView]));
[CATransaction begin];
[[mAnimationWindow.contentView layer] addSublayer:activeWindowLayer];
[CATransaction commit];
[mAnimationWindow orderFront:nil];
[CATransaction begin];
[[mAnimationWindow.contentView layer] addSublayer:targetWindowLayer];
[CATransaction commit];
// Animate our new layers
[CATransaction begin];
CAAnimation *activeAnim = [CAAnimation animationWithDuration:(duration * 0.5) flip:YES forward:_flipForward];
CAAnimation *targetAnim = [CAAnimation animationWithDuration:(duration * 0.5) flip:NO forward:_flipForward];
[CATransaction commit];
targetAnim.delegate = self;
[activeWindow orderOut:nil];
[CATransaction begin];
[activeWindowLayer addAnimation:activeAnim forKey:@"flip"];
[targetWindowLayer addAnimation:targetAnim forKey:@"flip"];
[CATransaction commit];
}
- (void) animationDidStop:(CAAnimation *)animation finished:(BOOL)flag {
if (flag) {
[mTargetWindow makeKeyAndOrderFront:nil];
[mAnimationWindow orderOut:nil];
mTargetWindow = nil;
mAnimationWindow = nil;
}
}
#pragma mark PrivateMethods:
NSRect RectToScreen(NSRect aRect, NSView *aView) {
aRect = [aView convertRect:aRect toView:nil];
aRect.origin = [aView.window convertBaseToScreen:aRect.origin];
return aRect;
}
NSRect RectFromScreen(NSRect aRect, NSView *aView) {
aRect.origin = [aView.window convertScreenToBase:aRect.origin];
aRect = [aView convertRect:aRect fromView:nil];
return aRect;
}
NSRect RectFromViewToView(NSRect aRect, NSView *fromView, NSView *toView) {
aRect = RectToScreen(aRect, fromView);
aRect = RectFromScreen(aRect, toView);
return aRect;
}
@end
#pragma mark -
#pragma mark CategoryMethods:
@implementation CAAnimation (AnimationFlipWindow)
+ (CAAnimation *) animationWithDuration:(CGFloat)time flip:(BOOL)bFlip forward:(BOOL)forwardFlip{
CABasicAnimation *flipAnimation = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"transform.rotation.y"];
CGFloat startValue, endValue;
if ( forwardFlip ) {
startValue = bFlip ? 0.0f : -M_PI;
endValue = bFlip ? M_PI : 0.0f;
} else {
startValue = bFlip ? 0.0f : M_PI;
endValue = bFlip ? -M_PI : 0.0f;
}
flipAnimation.fromValue = [NSNumber numberWithDouble:startValue];
flipAnimation.toValue = [NSNumber numberWithDouble:endValue];
CABasicAnimation *shrinkAnimation = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"transform.scale"];
shrinkAnimation.toValue = [NSNumber numberWithFloat:1.3f];
shrinkAnimation.duration = time * 0.5;
shrinkAnimation.autoreverses = YES;
CAAnimationGroup *animationGroup = [CAAnimationGroup animation];
animationGroup.animations = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:flipAnimation, shrinkAnimation, nil];
animationGroup.timingFunction = [CAMediaTimingFunction functionWithName:kCAMediaTimingFunctionEaseInEaseOut];
animationGroup.duration = time;
animationGroup.fillMode = kCAFillModeForwards;
animationGroup.removedOnCompletion = NO;
return animationGroup;
}
@end
#pragma mark -
@implementation NSWindow (AnimationFlipWindow)
+ (NSWindow *) initForAnimation:(NSRect)aFrame {
NSWindow *window = [[NSWindow alloc] initWithContentRect:aFrame
styleMask:NSBorderlessWindowMask
backing:NSBackingStoreBuffered
defer:NO];
[window setOpaque:NO];
[window setHasShadow:NO];
[window setBackgroundColor:[NSColor clearColor]];
[window.contentView setWantsLayer:YES];
return window;
}
@end
#pragma mark -
@implementation NSView (AnimationFlipWindow)
- (CALayer *) layerFromWindow {
NSBitmapImageRep *image = [self bitmapImageRepForCachingDisplayInRect:self.bounds];
[self cacheDisplayInRect:self.bounds toBitmapImageRep:image];
CALayer *layer = [CALayer layer];
layer.contents = (id)image.CGImage;
layer.doubleSided = NO;
// Shadow settings based upon Mac OS X 10.6
[layer setShadowOpacity:0.5f];
[layer setShadowOffset:CGSizeMake(0,-10)];
[layer setShadowRadius:15.0f];
return layer;
}
@end
头文件：
@interface AnimationFlipWindow : NSObject {
BOOL _flipForward;
NSWindow *mAnimationWindow;
NSWindow *mTargetWindow;
}
// Direction of flip animation (property)
@property (readwrite, getter=isFlipForward) BOOL flipForward;
- (void) flip:(NSWindow *)activeWindow
toBack:(NSWindow *)targetWindow;
@end
#pragma mark -
#pragma mark CategoryMethods:
@interface CAAnimation (AnimationFlipWindow)
+ (CAAnimation *) animationWithDuration:(CGFloat)time
flip:(BOOL)bFlip // Flip for each side
forward:(BOOL)forwardFlip; // Direction of flip
@end
@interface NSWindow (AnimationFlipWindow)
+ (NSWindow *) initForAnimation:(NSRect)aFrame;
@end
@interface NSView (AnimationFlipWindow)
- (CALayer *) layerFromWindow;
@end
编辑：这将动画从一个窗口翻转到另一个窗口。您可以将相同的主体应用于视图。
就您的目的而言，这太过分了（因为它包含一个基本完整的棋盘和纸牌游戏参考应用程序），但请查看ADC 中的此示例。它附带的纸牌游戏很好地完成了翻转效果。
如果您能够对图像执行此操作，也许您可以将所有控件保留在一个NSView对象中（像往常一样），然后在执行翻转效果之前将其渲染NSView为位图图像。cacheDisplayInRect:toBitmapImageRep:步骤是：
NSView到位图
NSView和暴露图像层
我知道这已经很晚了，但是 Apple 在这里有一个示例项目，可能对仍然遇到这个问题的任何人都有帮助。
Mizage 的人有一个完整的开源实现。
2008 年问这个问题时可能不是这种情况，但现在这很容易：
[UIView animateWithDuration:0.5 animations:^{
[UIView setAnimationTransition:UIViewAnimationTransitionFlipFromRight forView:self.iconView cache:YES];
/* changes to the view made here will be reflected on the flipped to side */
}];
注意：显然，这仅适用于 iOS。