我正在使用 scikit-learn 方法MDS对某些数据执行降维。我想检查压力值以了解减少的质量。我期待介于 0 - 1 之间的值。但是,我得到的值超出了这个范围。这是一个最小的例子:
%matplotlib inline
from sklearn.preprocessing import normalize
from sklearn import manifold
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.lines import Line2D
import numpy
def similarity_measure(vec1, vec2):
vec1_x = numpy.arctan2(vec1[1], vec1[0])
vec2_x = numpy.arctan2(vec2[1], vec2[0])
vec1_y = numpy.sqrt(numpy.sum(vec1[0] * vec1[0] + vec1[1] * vec1[1]))
vec2_y = numpy.sqrt(numpy.sum(vec2[0] * vec2[0] + vec2[1] * vec2[1]))
dot = numpy.sum(vec1_x * vec2_x + vec1_y * vec2_y)
mag1 = numpy.sqrt(numpy.sum(vec1_x * vec1_x + vec1_y * vec1_y))
mag2 = numpy.sqrt(numpy.sum(vec2_x * vec2_x + vec2_y * vec2_y))
return dot / (mag1 * mag2)
plt.figure(figsize=(15, 15))
delta = numpy.zeros((100, 100))
data_x = numpy.random.randint(0, 100, (100, 100))
data_y = numpy.random.randint(0, 100, (100, 100))
for j in range(100):
for k in range(100):
if j <= k:
dist = similarity_measure((data_x[j].flatten(), data_y[j].flatten()), (data_x[k].flatten(), data_y[k].flatten()))
delta[j, k] = delta[k, j] = dist
delta = 1-((delta+1)/2)
delta /= numpy.max(delta)
mds = manifold.MDS(n_components=2, max_iter=3000, eps=1e-9, random_state=0,
dissimilarity="precomputed", n_jobs=1)
coords = mds.fit(delta).embedding_
print mds.stress_
plt.scatter(coords[:, 0], coords[:, 1], marker='x', s=50, edgecolor='None')
plt.tight_layout()
在我的测试中,它打印了以下内容:
263.412196461
并产生了这个图像:
在不知道最大值的情况下如何分析这个值?或者如何对其进行标准化,使其介于 0 和 1 之间?
谢谢你。