我有以下问题,我找不到解决方案。当然,可能根本不存在解决方案,但我想在放弃之前尝试一下SO。
首先,一个编译没有错误的片段:
#include <unordered_set>
#include <memory>
struct S {
enum class E: unsigned int { FOO = 0, BAR };
};
namespace std
{
template<>
struct hash<S::E> {
using argument_type = S::E;
using underlying_type = std::underlying_type<argument_type>::type;
using result_type = std::size_t;
result_type operator()(argument_type const &s) const noexcept {
const underlying_type us = static_cast<underlying_type>(s);
hash<underlying_type> hfn;
return hfn(us);
}
};
}
int main() {
std::unordered_set<S::E> set;
}
考虑到这段代码,我发现自己需要将其unordered_set
作为派生类的数据成员,S
或者至少是派生类。std
一个可能的工作解决方案是在命名空间关闭后添加以下行:
struct D: public S {
std::unordered_set<S::E> set;
};
另一种可能的解决方案可能是(我没有尝试过)使用无范围的枚举。无论如何,我所做的第一次尝试是修改的定义struct S
如下:
struct S {
enum class E: unsigned int { FOO = 0, BAR };
std::unordered_set<E> set;
};
这以错误告终,因为(如果我正确理解了问题)unordered_set
需要专门的hash
功能。无论如何,后者S::E
至少需要声明,因此交换两段代码是不够的。
这是错误日志的第一部分(因为它很长):
In file included from /usr/include/c++/5/bits/hashtable.h:35:0,
from /usr/include/c++/5/unordered_set:47,
from main.cpp:1:
/usr/include/c++/5/bits/hashtable_policy.h: In instantiation of ‘struct std::__detail::__is_noexcept_hash<S::E, std::hash<S::E> >’:
/usr/include/c++/5/type_traits:137:12: required from ‘struct std::__and_<std::__is_fast_hash<std::hash<S::E> >, std::__detail::__is_noexcept_hash<S::E, std::hash<S::E> > >’
/usr/include/c++/5/type_traits:148:38: required from ‘struct std::__not_<std::__and_<std::__is_fast_hash<std::hash<S::E> >, std::__detail::__is_noexcept_hash<S::E, std::hash<S::E> > > >’
/usr/include/c++/5/bits/unordered_set.h:95:63: required from ‘class std::unordered_set<S::E>’
main.cpp:6:27: required from here
/usr/include/c++/5/bits/hashtable_policy.h:85:34: error: no match for call to ‘(const std::hash<S::E>) (const S::E&)’
noexcept(declval<const _Hash&>()(declval<const _Key&>()))>
^
In file included from /usr/include/c++/5/bits/move.h:57:0,
from /usr/include/c++/5/bits/stl_pair.h:59,
from /usr/include/c++/5/utility:70,
from /usr/include/c++/5/unordered_set:38,
from main.cpp:1:
/usr/include/c++/5/type_traits: In instantiation of ‘struct std::__not_<std::__and_<std::__is_fast_hash<std::hash<S::E> >, std::__detail::__is_noexcept_hash<S::E, std::hash<S::E> > > >’:
/usr/include/c++/5/bits/unordered_set.h:95:63: required from ‘class std::unordered_set<S::E>’
main.cpp:6:27: required from here
/usr/include/c++/5/type_traits:148:38: error: ‘value’ is not a member of ‘std::__and_<std::__is_fast_hash<std::hash<S::E> >, std::__detail::__is_noexcept_hash<S::E, std::hash<S::E> > >’
: public integral_constant<bool, !_Pp::value>
^
In file included from /usr/include/c++/5/unordered_set:48:0,
from main.cpp:1:
/usr/include/c++/5/bits/unordered_set.h: In instantiation of ‘class std::unordered_set<S::E>’:
main.cpp:6:27: required from here
/usr/include/c++/5/bits/unordered_set.h:95:63: error: ‘value’ is not a member of ‘std::__not_<std::__and_<std::__is_fast_hash<std::hash<S::E> >, std::__detail::__is_noexcept_hash<S::E, std::hash<S::E> > > >’
typedef __uset_hashtable<_Value, _Hash, _Pred, _Alloc> _Hashtable;
^
/usr/include/c++/5/bits/unordered_set.h:102:45: error: ‘value’ is not a member of ‘std::__not_<std::__and_<std::__is_fast_hash<std::hash<S::E> >, std::__detail::__is_noexcept_hash<S::E, std::hash<S::E> > > >’
typedef typename _Hashtable::key_type key_type;
通常,在这种情况下,我可以使用前向声明之类的方法来解决,如下例所示:
struct B;
struct A { B *link; };
struct B { A *link; };
不幸的是,我无法对嵌入在结构中的枚举做类似的事情,这就是我开始这个问题的原因。是否有可能解决它,从而避免定义派生类,或者派生是这种情况下唯一可行的解决方案?D