当一些 div 或输入添加到 html 时,我想执行一个函数。这可能吗?
例如,添加了一个文本输入,然后应该调用该函数。
当一些 div 或输入添加到 html 时,我想执行一个函数。这可能吗?
例如,添加了一个文本输入,然后应该调用该函数。
(IE11+、FF、Webkit)
使用MutationObserver并在需要时回退到已弃用的 Mutation 事件:(
下面的示例仅适用于与附加或删除节点有关的 DOM 更改)
var observeDOM = (function(){
var MutationObserver = window.MutationObserver || window.WebKitMutationObserver;
return function( obj, callback ){
if( !obj || obj.nodeType !== 1 ) return;
if( MutationObserver ){
// define a new observer
var mutationObserver = new MutationObserver(callback)
// have the observer observe foo for changes in children
mutationObserver.observe( obj, { childList:true, subtree:true })
return mutationObserver
}
// browser support fallback
else if( window.addEventListener ){
obj.addEventListener('DOMNodeInserted', callback, false)
obj.addEventListener('DOMNodeRemoved', callback, false)
}
}
})()
//------------< DEMO BELOW >----------------
// add item
var itemHTML = "<li><button>list item (click to delete)</button></li>",
listElm = document.querySelector('ol');
document.querySelector('body > button').onclick = function(e){
listElm.insertAdjacentHTML("beforeend", itemHTML);
}
// delete item
listElm.onclick = function(e){
if( e.target.nodeName == "BUTTON" )
e.target.parentNode.parentNode.removeChild(e.target.parentNode);
}
// Observe a specific DOM element:
observeDOM( listElm, function(m){
var addedNodes = [], removedNodes = [];
m.forEach(record => record.addedNodes.length & addedNodes.push(...record.addedNodes))
m.forEach(record => record.removedNodes.length & removedNodes.push(...record.removedNodes))
console.clear();
console.log('Added:', addedNodes, 'Removed:', removedNodes);
});
// Insert 3 DOM nodes at once after 3 seconds
setTimeout(function(){
listElm.removeChild(listElm.lastElementChild);
listElm.insertAdjacentHTML("beforeend", Array(4).join(itemHTML));
}, 3000);
<button>Add Item</button>
<ol>
<li><button>list item (click to delete)</button></li>
<li><button>list item (click to delete)</button></li>
<li><button>list item (click to delete)</button></li>
<li><button>list item (click to delete)</button></li>
<li><em>…More will be added after 3 seconds…</em></li>
</ol>
MutationObserver
现代浏览器支持新的:Chrome 18+、Firefox 14+、IE 11+、Safari 6+
如果您需要支持较旧的方法,您可以尝试使用其他方法,例如下面这个5(!)岁答案中提到的方法。有龙。享受 :)
其他人正在更改文件?因为如果您可以完全控制更改,您只需要创建自己的domChanged
API - 使用函数或自定义事件 - 并在您修改内容的任何地方触发/调用它。
DOM Level-2 有Mutation 事件类型,但旧版本的IE 不支持它。请注意,突变事件在 DOM3 事件规范中已被弃用,并且会降低性能。
您可以尝试onpropertychange
在 IE中模拟突变事件(如果它们都不可用,则回退到蛮力方法)。
对于完整的 domChange,间隔可能是过度杀戮。想象一下,您需要存储整个文档的当前状态,并检查每个元素的每个属性是否相同。
也许如果您只对元素及其顺序感兴趣(正如您在问题中提到的那样),agetElementsByTagName("*")
可以工作。如果您添加元素、删除元素、替换元素或更改文档结构,这将自动触发。
我写了一个概念证明:
(function (window) {
var last = +new Date();
var delay = 100; // default delay
// Manage event queue
var stack = [];
function callback() {
var now = +new Date();
if (now - last > delay) {
for (var i = 0; i < stack.length; i++) {
stack[i]();
}
last = now;
}
}
// Public interface
var onDomChange = function (fn, newdelay) {
if (newdelay) delay = newdelay;
stack.push(fn);
};
// Naive approach for compatibility
function naive() {
var last = document.getElementsByTagName('*');
var lastlen = last.length;
var timer = setTimeout(function check() {
// get current state of the document
var current = document.getElementsByTagName('*');
var len = current.length;
// if the length is different
// it's fairly obvious
if (len != lastlen) {
// just make sure the loop finishes early
last = [];
}
// go check every element in order
for (var i = 0; i < len; i++) {
if (current[i] !== last[i]) {
callback();
last = current;
lastlen = len;
break;
}
}
// over, and over, and over again
setTimeout(check, delay);
}, delay);
}
//
// Check for mutation events support
//
var support = {};
var el = document.documentElement;
var remain = 3;
// callback for the tests
function decide() {
if (support.DOMNodeInserted) {
window.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", function () {
if (support.DOMSubtreeModified) { // for FF 3+, Chrome
el.addEventListener('DOMSubtreeModified', callback, false);
} else { // for FF 2, Safari, Opera 9.6+
el.addEventListener('DOMNodeInserted', callback, false);
el.addEventListener('DOMNodeRemoved', callback, false);
}
}, false);
} else if (document.onpropertychange) { // for IE 5.5+
document.onpropertychange = callback;
} else { // fallback
naive();
}
}
// checks a particular event
function test(event) {
el.addEventListener(event, function fn() {
support[event] = true;
el.removeEventListener(event, fn, false);
if (--remain === 0) decide();
}, false);
}
// attach test events
if (window.addEventListener) {
test('DOMSubtreeModified');
test('DOMNodeInserted');
test('DOMNodeRemoved');
} else {
decide();
}
// do the dummy test
var dummy = document.createElement("div");
el.appendChild(dummy);
el.removeChild(dummy);
// expose
window.onDomChange = onDomChange;
})(window);
用法:
onDomChange(function(){
alert("The Times They Are a-Changin'");
});
这适用于 IE 5.5+、FF 2+、Chrome、Safari 3+ 和 Opera 9.6+
以下示例改编自 Mozilla Hacks 的博客文章,并使用了MutationObserver。
// Select the node that will be observed for mutations
var targetNode = document.getElementById('some-id');
// Options for the observer (which mutations to observe)
var config = { attributes: true, childList: true };
// Callback function to execute when mutations are observed
var callback = function(mutationsList) {
for(var mutation of mutationsList) {
if (mutation.type == 'childList') {
console.log('A child node has been added or removed.');
}
else if (mutation.type == 'attributes') {
console.log('The ' + mutation.attributeName + ' attribute was modified.');
}
}
};
// Create an observer instance linked to the callback function
var observer = new MutationObserver(callback);
// Start observing the target node for configured mutations
observer.observe(targetNode, config);
// Later, you can stop observing
observer.disconnect();
浏览器支持:Chrome 18+、Firefox 14+、IE 11+、Safari 6+
或者你可以简单地创建你自己的事件,在任何地方运行
$("body").on("domChanged", function () {
//dom is changed
});
$(".button").click(function () {
//do some change
$("button").append("<span>i am the new change</span>");
//fire event
$("body").trigger("domChanged");
});
我最近写了一个插件,正是这样做的 - jquery.initialize
你使用它的方式和.each
函数一样
$(".some-element").initialize( function(){
$(this).css("color", "blue");
});
不同之处.each
在于 - 在这种情况下,它需要您的选择器,.some-element
并在未来等待带有此选择器的新元素,如果要添加这样的元素,它也会被初始化。
在我们的例子中,初始化函数只需将元素颜色更改为蓝色。因此,如果我们要添加新元素(无论是使用 ajax 还是 F12 检查器或其他任何东西),例如:
$("<div/>").addClass('some-element').appendTo("body"); //new element will have blue color!
插件将立即启动它。插件还确保一个元素只初始化一次。因此,如果您添加元素,然后.detach()
从正文中添加,然后再次添加,它将不会再次初始化。
$("<div/>").addClass('some-element').appendTo("body").detach()
.appendTo(".some-container");
//initialized only once
插件基于MutationObserver
- 它可以在 IE9 和 10 上运行,并在自述文件页面上有详细说明。
MutationObserver = window.MutationObserver || window.WebKitMutationObserver;
var observer = new MutationObserver(function(mutations, observer) {
// fired when a mutation occurs
console.log(mutations, observer);
// ...
});
// define what element should be observed by the observer
// and what types of mutations trigger the callback
observer.observe(document, {
subtree: true,
attributes: true
//...
});
使用Gabriele Romanato 的博客中所示的MutationObserver接口
Chrome 18+、Firefox 14+、IE 11+、Safari 6+
// The node to be monitored
var target = $( "#content" )[0];
// Create an observer instance
var observer = new MutationObserver(function( mutations ) {
mutations.forEach(function( mutation ) {
var newNodes = mutation.addedNodes; // DOM NodeList
if( newNodes !== null ) { // If there are new nodes added
var $nodes = $( newNodes ); // jQuery set
$nodes.each(function() {
var $node = $( this );
if( $node.hasClass( "message" ) ) {
// do something
}
});
}
});
});
// Configuration of the observer:
var config = {
attributes: true,
childList: true,
characterData: true
};
// Pass in the target node, as well as the observer options
observer.observe(target, config);
// Later, you can stop observing
observer.disconnect();
为此扩展一个jquery怎么样?
(function () {
var ev = new $.Event('remove'),
orig = $.fn.remove;
var evap = new $.Event('append'),
origap = $.fn.append;
$.fn.remove = function () {
$(this).trigger(ev);
return orig.apply(this, arguments);
}
$.fn.append = function () {
$(this).trigger(evap);
return origap.apply(this, arguments);
}
})();
$(document).on('append', function (e) { /*write your logic here*/ });
$(document).on('remove', function (e) { /*write your logic here*/ });
Jquery 1.9+ 已经建立了对此的支持(我听说没有测试过)。
8 年后,这是我使用的解决MutationObserver
方案RxJS
observeDOMChange(document.querySelector('#dom-changes-here'))
.subscribe(val => log('DOM-change detected'));
与其他方法的主要区别在于,CustomEvent
当 DOM 发生变化时触发一个事件,并通过以下特性监听去抖动的事件以有效地执行用户逻辑;
import { fromEvent, timer} from 'rxjs';
import { debounceTime, takeUntil, tap } from 'rxjs/operators';
function observeDOMChange(el, options={}) {
options = Object.assign({debounce: 100, expires: 2000}, options);
const observer = new MutationObserver(list => {
el.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent('dom-change', {detail: list}));
});
observer.observe(el, {attributes: false, childList: true, subtree: true });
let pipeFn;
if (options.expires) {
setTimeout(_ => observer.disconnect(), options.expires);
pipeFn = takeUntil(timer(options.expires));
} else {
pipeFn = tap(_ => _);
}
return fromEvent(el, 'dom-change')
.pipe(pipeFn, debounceTime(options.debounce));
}
使用 TrackChanges 检测 html 更改。链接:https ://www.npmjs.com/package/track-changes-js
例子
let button = document.querySelector('.button');
trackChanges.addObserver('buttonObserver', () => button);
trackChanges.addHandler('buttonObserver', buttonHandler);
function buttonHandler(button) {
console.log(`Button created: ${button}`);
}