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事实证明,在 GHC 7.10 中,这编译得很好:

mysum xs = foldr (+) 0 xs

但是这个:

mysum    = foldr (+) 0

导致以下错误:

No instance for (Foldable t0) arising from a use of ‘foldr’
The type variable ‘t0’ is ambiguous
Relevant bindings include
  mysum :: t0 Integer -> Integer (bound at src/Main.hs:37:1)
Note: there are several potential instances:
  instance Foldable (Either a) -- Defined in ‘Data.Foldable’
  instance Foldable Data.Functor.Identity.Identity
    -- Defined in ‘Data.Functor.Identity’
  instance Foldable Data.Proxy.Proxy -- Defined in ‘Data.Foldable’
  ...plus five others
In the expression: foldr (+) 0
In an equation for ‘mysum’: mysum = foldr (+) 0

为什么会发生这种情况,通过理解这种差异可以获得什么洞察力?另外,我可以给这个函数一个类型(仍然是通用的)以使这个错误消失吗?

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1 回答 1

13

像往常一样,使类型良好的函数无点突然导致关于未满足的类型类约束的类型错误的情况,最终原因是默认启用的单态限制

您可以通过向以下方式添加类型签名来解决此问题mysum

mysum :: (Foldable f, Num a) => f a -> a

或者通过关闭单态限制:

{-# LANGUAGE NoMonomorphismRestriction #-}
于 2015-05-12T05:03:51.933 回答