好的，所以我在 C++11 中遇到了谷物（http://uscilab.github.io/cereal/）的问题。
从抽象的意义上说，我有一个大图，我用大量连接边和顶点的共享指针对其进行序列化。边（和顶点）也附有属性。
现在这些属性之一（基类）是一个帐户（子类）。Account 也继承自 Idable，Idable 也是可序列化的。现在这里有一些相关的代码片段，显示了我的一些谷物用法。我将在这个上下文之后解释这个问题：
属性.hpp/cpp
class Attribute {
...
template<class Archive> void serialize(Archive&)
{
}
friend class cereal::access;
...
CEREAL_REGISTER_TYPE(mgraph::Attribute)
idable.hpp/cpp
class Idable {
...
Id id;
template<class Archive> void serialize(Archive& archive)
{
archive(cereal::make_nvp("id", id));
}
template<class Archive> static void load_and_construct(Archive& ar, cereal::construct<mcommon::Idable>& construct)
{
mcommon::Id id;
ar(id);
construct(id);
}
friend class cereal::access;
...
CEREAL_REGISTER_TYPE(mcommon::Idable)
位置.hpp/cpp
class Position
: public mgraph::Attribute
, public mcommon::Displayable {
template<class Archive> void serialize(Archive& archive)
{
archive(cereal::make_nvp("Attribute",
cereal::base_class<mgraph::Attribute>(this)));
}
friend class cereal::access;
...
CEREAL_REGISTER_TYPE(mfin::Position)
帐户.hpp/cpp
class Account
: public mcommon::Idable
, public Position {
...
Currency balance;
template<class Archive> void serialize(Archive& archive)
{
archive(cereal::make_nvp("Idable",
cereal::base_class<mcommon::Idable>(this)),
cereal::make_nvp("Position",
cereal::base_class<mfin::Position>(this)),
cereal::make_nvp("balance", balance));
}
template<class Archive> static void load_and_construct(Archive& ar, cereal::construct<Account>& construct)
{
mcommon::Id iden;
Currency::Code code;
ar(iden, code);
construct(iden, code);
}
friend class cereal::access;
...
CEREAL_REGISTER_TYPE(mfin::Account)
所以当 mfin::Account 被序列化时问题就来了。mfin::Account 属于 std::list>。当我们进入 Idable 的序列化函数时，对象是无效的。
进入在段错误时停止的 gdb，我将一些堆栈帧向上移动到这一行：/usr/include/cereal/types/polymorphic.hpp:341。这是：
(gdb) list
336
337 auto binding = bindingMap.find(std::type_index(ptrinfo));
338 if(binding == bindingMap.end())
339 UNREGISTERED_POLYMORPHIC_EXCEPTION(save, cereal::util::demangle(ptrinfo.name()))
340
341 binding->second.shared_ptr(&ar, ptr.get());
342 }
343
344 //! Loading std::shared_ptr for polymorphic types
345 template <class Archive, class T> inline
现在这就是 ptr 是什么：
(gdb) print *((mfin::Account*)(ptr.get()))
$10 = {<mcommon::Idable> = {_vptr.Idable = 0x4f0d50 <vtable for mfin::Account+16>, id = "bank"}, <mfin::Position> = {<mgraph::Attribute> = {
_vptr.Attribute = 0x4f0d78 <vtable for mfin::Account+56>}, <mcommon::Displayable> = {_vptr.Displayable = 0x4f0da0 <vtable for mfin::Account+96>}, <No data fields>}, balance = {<mcommon::Displayable> = {
_vptr.Displayable = 0x4f0570 <vtable for mfin::Currency+16>}, amount = 0, code = mfin::Currency::USD}}
(gdb) print ptr
$11 = std::shared_ptr (count 3, weak 0) 0x758ad0
一切看起来都很好。但是请注意，当我将其转换为 void* 时：
$11 = std::shared_ptr (count 3, weak 0) 0x758ad0
(gdb) print *((mfin::Account*)((void*)ptr.get()))
$12 = {<mcommon::Idable> = {_vptr.Idable = 0x4f0d78 <vtable for mfin::Account+56>,
id = "\363aL\000\000\000\000\000PbL\000\000\000\000\000\304\031L\000\000\000\000\000\021#L", '\000' <repeats 13 times>, " \232N", '\000' <repeats 21 times>, "P\251@\000\000\000\000\000\370\377\377\377\377\377\377\377 \232N", '\000' <repeats 21 times>, "\304\031L\000\000\000\000\000P\251@", '\000' <repeats 45 times>, "St19_Sp_counted_deleterIPN4mfin7AccountE"...}, <mfin::Position> = {<mgraph::Attribute> = {
_vptr.Attribute = 0x4f0570 <vtable for mfin::Currency+16>}, <mcommon::Displayable> = {_vptr.Displayable = 0x0}, <No data fields>}, balance = {<mcommon::Displayable> = {_vptr.Displayable = 0x0}, amount = 49,
code = (unknown: 7702648)}}
这当然是在 binding->second.shared_ptr（见下文）中发生的，它采用 const void*。
(gdb) list
295 writeMetadata(ar);
296
297 #ifdef _MSC_VER
298 savePolymorphicSharedPtr( ar, dptr, ::cereal::traits::has_shared_from_this<T>::type() ); // MSVC doesn't like typename here
299 #else // not _MSC_VER
300 savePolymorphicSharedPtr( ar, dptr, typename ::cereal::traits::has_shared_from_this<T>::type() );
301 #endif // _MSC_VER
302 };
303
304 serializers.unique_ptr =
我使用谷物有什么问题会导致这种情况？这是我得到的最后一个错误：
Program received signal SIGSEGV, Segmentation fault.
0x000000000040f7cd in rapidjson::Writer<rapidjson::GenericWriteStream, rapidjson::UTF8<char>, rapidjson::MemoryPoolAllocator<rapidjson::CrtAllocator> >::WriteString (this=0x7fffffffd358,
str=0x4f1ae0 <vtable for mfin::Account+96> "\363aL", length=4989722) at /usr/include/cereal/external/rapidjson/writer.h:276
276 if ((sizeof(Ch) == 1 || characterOk(*p)) && escape[(unsigned char)*p]) {
Missing separate debuginfos, use: debuginfo-install boost-date-time-1.55.0-8.fc21.x86_64 boost-filesystem-1.55.0-8.fc21.x86_64 boost-program-options-1.55.0-8.fc21.x86_64 boost-system-1.55.0-8.fc21.x86_64 boost-thread-1.55.0-8.fc21.x86_64 fcgi-2.4.0-24.fc21.x86_64 glog-0.3.3-3.128tech.x86_64 libgcc-4.9.2-1.fc21.x86_64 libstdc++-4.9.2-1.fc21.x86_64