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我的基数树实现有问题。这个想法是我创建第一个节点,然后输入一些二进制数。二进制数确定是创建左节点 (0) 还是创建右节点 (1)。一旦我到达二进制数的末尾,我将一个节点设置为“活动”。

然后我在树中搜索找到一个活动节点,并通过检查我必须朝哪个方向到达活动节点来再次输出原始二进制数。

这是完整的代码:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

typedef int bool;
enum { false, true };

typedef struct radixNode {
    bool active;
    struct radixNode * pnt;
    struct radixNode * l;
    struct radixNode * r;
} node;

void insert(node *root, char * B) {

    printf("String: %s\n", B);
    printf("1st: %c", B[0]);
    printf("\n\n", B);

    // digit is zero so we go left
    if (B[0] == '0') {

        printf("till here if");

        // left child doesn't exist, create it
        if (root->l == NULL) {

            root->l = malloc(sizeof(node));

            /* if the next index in the string does NOT contain a 1 or 0,
            the current index is the last index and the node is activated */
            if (B[1] == 1 || B[1] == 0)
                root->l->active = false;
            else
                root->l->active = true;

            root->l->pnt = root;
            root->l->l = NULL;
            root->l->r = NULL;
            insert(root->l,B++); // B++ removes the first digit of the string
        }

        // left child exists, traverse
        else {
            insert(root->l,B++);
        }
    }

    // digit is one, go right
    else if (B[0] == '1') {
        printf("first was 1\n");

        // right child doesn't exist, create it
        if (root->r == NULL) {

            printf("if triggered\n");

            root->r = malloc(sizeof(node));

            /* if the next index in the string does NOT contain a 1 or 0,
            the current index is the last index and the node is activated */
            if (B[1] == 1 || B[1] == 0)
                root->r->active = false;
            else
                root->r->active = true;

            root->r->pnt = root;
            root->r->l = NULL;
            root->r->r = NULL;
            insert(root->r,B++);
        }

        // left child exists, traverse
        else {
            printf("else triggered\n");
            insert(root->r,B++);
        }
    }
}

node * printTreeMin(node *root) {

    char C[10];

    /* goes left until it can't, appends 0 to string
    till it can't. if node is active, print the string */
    while (root->l != NULL) {

        C[strlen(C)] = '0';

        if (root->active == true)
            printf("%s\n",C);

        root = root->l;
    }

    return root;
}

// prints the next smallest binary number in the tree, returns the node it printed
node * printNextSmallest(node * root) {

    char C[10];

    // if right child exists, go there and find lowest node (after if same deal as printTreeMin() )
    if (root->r != NULL) {

        C[strlen(C)] = '1';
        if (root->active == true)
            printf("%s\n",C);

        root = root->r;

        while (root->l != NULL) {

            C[strlen(C)] = '0';
            if (root->active == true)
                printf("%s\n",C);

            root = root->l;
        }

        return root;
    }

    node * temp = root->pnt;

    while (temp != NULL && root == temp->r) {

        root = temp;
        temp = temp->pnt;
    }

    return temp;
}

void printRadixTree(node *root) {

    root = printTreeMin(root);

    while (printNextSmallest(root) != NULL)
        root = printNextSmallest(root);
}

void test() {

    node * tree = malloc(sizeof(node));
    tree->l = NULL;
    tree->r = NULL;

    // a)
    insert(tree,"101000");
    insert(tree,"10100");
    insert(tree,"10110");
    insert(tree,"101");
    insert(tree,"1111");

    // b)
    printRadixTree(tree);

}

int main() {
    test();
}

这是输出:

if triggered
String: 101000
1st: 1

first was 1
if triggered
String: 101000
1st: 1

first was 1
if triggered
String: 101000
1st: 1

(和无限继续)

显然我在insert()函数的递归中有一个问题,但考虑到我在执行递归时删除了二进制数字符串的第一个字符,我不明白它是如何无限运行的。

4

1 回答 1

2

无限递归的原因是您选择了自增运算符。你想要前缀,而不是后缀形式。

insert(..., B++)

调用 insert增加指针(去除第一个字符) 。

相反,电话应该是

insert (..., ++B)

你的active旗帜也有问题,这是你的罪魁祸首

if (B[1] == 1 || B[1] == 0)

我想你的意思是

if (B[1] == '1' || B[1] == '0')

第一种形式是检查二进制零或一,而不是 ASCII 字符。

这样做的结果是,您的active标志可能会为大多数节点设置不正确。我希望这会在遍历树时引起问题。事实上,active只会false在您查看最后一个'0''1'字符串时设置为(因为B[1]此时将是 terminating '\0')。

此外,对于递归例程,使基本情况明确而不是隐含总是一个好主意。因此,其中的第一个代码块insert可能应该是

if (B[0] != '1' && B[0] != `0`)
    return;

然后你可以else if用一个简单的替换else

if (B[0] == '0')
{
    // ... go left
}
else
{
    // ... go right
}
于 2015-04-27T16:29:52.193 回答