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我正在尝试在 2D 中实现三边测量过程。与此相关的维基百科文章:Tilateration

我在这个网站上找到了一个很好的问题,其中算法得到了很好的解释:人工智能

毕竟,我试图在 C++ 中实现该算法。不幸的是我遇到了一些问题......让我们看看我的实现。它只是一个函数:第一个输入是三个向量,每个向量代表一个带有 X、Y 坐标的 2D 点。其他 (r1,r2,r3) 输入变量代表每个点的距离/半径。

#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <sstream>
#include <math.h> 
#include <vector>
using namespace std;

std::vector<double> trilateration(double point1[], double point2[], double point3[], double r1, double r2, double r3) {
    std::vector<double> resultPose;
    //unit vector in a direction from point1 to point 2
    double p2p1Distance = pow(pow(point2[0]-point1[0],2) + pow(point2[1]-point1[1],2),0.5);
    double exx = (point2[0]-point1[0])/p2p1Distance;
    double exy = (point2[1]-point1[1])/p2p1Distance;
    //signed magnitude of the x component
    double ix = exx*(point3[0]-point1[0]);
    double iy = exy*(point3[1]-point1[1]);
    //the unit vector in the y direction. 
    double eyx = (point3[0]-point1[0]-ix*exx)/pow(pow(point3[0]-point1[0]-ix*exx,2) + pow(point3[1]-point1[1]-iy*exy,2),0.5);
    double eyy = (point3[1]-point1[1]-iy*exy)/pow(pow(point3[0]-point1[0]-ix*exx,2) + pow(point3[1]-point1[1]-iy*exy,2),0.5);
    //the signed magnitude of the y component
    double jx = eyx*(point3[0]-point1[0]);
    double jy = eyy*(point3[1]-point1[1]);
    //coordinates
    double x = (pow(r1,2) - pow(r2,2) + pow(p2p1Distance,2))/ (2 * p2p1Distance);
    double y = (pow(r1,2) - pow(r3,2) + pow(iy,2) + pow(jy,2))/2*jy - ix*x/jx;
    //result coordinates
    double finalX = point1[0]+ x*exx + y*eyx;
    double finalY = point1[1]+ x*exy + y*eyy;
    resultPose.push_back(finalX);
    resultPose.push_back(finalY);
    return resultPose;
}

正如我提到的,我关注了这篇文章。我认为问题出在计算 y 坐标的部分。我也不确定最后一部分,我计算finalX,finalY ...

我的主要功能如下:

int main(int argc, char* argv[]){
    std::vector<double> finalPose;
    double p1[] = {4.0,4.0};
    double p2[] = {9.0,7.0};
    double p3[] = {9.0,1.0};
    double r1,r2,r3;
    r1 = 4;
    r2 = 3;
    r3 = 3.25;
    finalPose = trilateration(p1,p2,p3,r1,r2,r3);
    cout<<"X:::  "<<finalPose[0]<<endl;
    cout<<"Y:::  "<<finalPose[1]<<endl; 
    //x = 8, y = 4.1

}

结果应该在 X~8 和 Y~4.1 左右,但我得到 X = 13.5542 和 Y=-5.09038

所以我的问题是:我在划分 x 和 y 的计算时遇到了问题。我想我可以解决算法直到 x,之后我在计算 y 时遇到问题。

y 的计算如下: y = (r12 - r32 + i2 + j2) / 2j - ix / j

我不知道我应该在这里使用哪个 i 和 j,因为我有两个 i (ix,iy) 和两个 j(jx,jy)。正如你所看到的,我使用了 iy 和 jy,但在行尾我使用了 ix,因为它与 x 相乘。提前致谢!

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2 回答 2

3

我使用了几个辅助变量,但它工作得很好......

#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <sstream>
#include <math.h> 
#include <vector>
using namespace std;

struct point 
{
    float x,y;
};

float norm (point p) // get the norm of a vector
{
    return pow(pow(p.x,2)+pow(p.y,2),.5);
}

point trilateration(point point1, point point2, point point3, double r1, double r2, double r3) {
    point resultPose;
    //unit vector in a direction from point1 to point 2
    double p2p1Distance = pow(pow(point2.x-point1.x,2) + pow(point2.y-   point1.y,2),0.5);
    point ex = {(point2.x-point1.x)/p2p1Distance, (point2.y-point1.y)/p2p1Distance};
    point aux = {point3.x-point1.x,point3.y-point1.y};
    //signed magnitude of the x component
    double i = ex.x * aux.x + ex.y * aux.y;
    //the unit vector in the y direction. 
    point aux2 = { point3.x-point1.x-i*ex.x, point3.y-point1.y-i*ex.y};
    point ey = { aux2.x / norm (aux2), aux2.y / norm (aux2) };
    //the signed magnitude of the y component
    double j = ey.x * aux.x + ey.y * aux.y;
    //coordinates
    double x = (pow(r1,2) - pow(r2,2) + pow(p2p1Distance,2))/ (2 * p2p1Distance);
    double y = (pow(r1,2) - pow(r3,2) + pow(i,2) + pow(j,2))/(2*j) - i*x/j;
    //result coordinates
    double finalX = point1.x+ x*ex.x + y*ey.x;
    double finalY = point1.y+ x*ex.y + y*ey.y;
    resultPose.x = finalX;
    resultPose.y = finalY;
    return resultPose;
}

int main(int argc, char* argv[]){
    point finalPose;
    point p1 = {4.0,4.0};
    point p2 = {9.0,7.0};
    point p3 = {9.0,1.0};
    double r1,r2,r3;
    r1 = 4;
    r2 = 3;
    r3 = 3.25;
    finalPose = trilateration(p1,p2,p3,r1,r2,r3);
    cout<<"X:::  "<<finalPose.x<<endl;
    cout<<"Y:::  "<<finalPose.y<<endl; 
}

$ 输出是:

X:::  8.02188
Y:::  4.13021
于 2016-06-17T00:23:37.473 回答
2

在链接的 SO 答案中有点不清楚,也可能是不正确的,即i和的值j是标量值,并且与其他向量的计算方式略有不同。更明确地说,您应该拥有:

i = e x · (P3 - P1) = e xx (P3 x - P1 x ) + e xy (P3 y - P1 y ) = ix + iy

j = e y · (P3 - P1) = e yx (P3 x - P1 x ) + e yy (P3 y - P1 y ) = jx + jy

请注意,·这里是两个向量的点积。因此,在您的代码中不应有ix,iy或.jxjy

此外,在您的计算中,y您应该将分母更改/2*j为:

 / (2*j)

否则,您将乘以j而不是除以。进行这些更改使我的结果[7.05, 5.74]更接近您的预期值。

于 2015-04-15T18:33:22.217 回答