objective-c - 在方法调配中使用 dispatch_once

Question

在 NSHipter 关于方法swizzling 的文章中，它说“Swizzling 应该始终在 dispatch_once 中完成”。为什么这是必要的，因为 +load 每个类只发生一次？

Answer 1

这不是必需的。+load保证是线程安全和可重入的。见：load_images_objc-runtime-new.mm

/***********************************************************************
* load_images
* Process +load in the given images which are being mapped in by dyld.
* Calls ABI-agnostic code after taking ABI-specific locks.
*
* Locking: write-locks runtimeLock and loadMethodLock
**********************************************************************/
const char *
load_images(enum dyld_image_states state, uint32_t infoCount,
            const struct dyld_image_info infoList[])
{
    BOOL found;

    recursive_mutex_lock(&loadMethodLock);

    // Discover load methods
    rwlock_write(&runtimeLock);
    found = load_images_nolock(state, infoCount, infoList);
    rwlock_unlock_write(&runtimeLock);

    // Call +load methods (without runtimeLock - re-entrant)
    if (found) {
        call_load_methods();
    }

    recursive_mutex_unlock(&loadMethodLock);

    return nil;
}

请注意递归互斥锁，它保证所有加载都在阻塞时完成，call_load_methods()并将确保 +load 每次实现仅调用一次+load.

请注意，+load它的特殊之处在于每个类可以有多个实现，这就是为什么它更适合 swizzling 的原因之一 - 你的+load, 以及原始+load的都保证被调用。

奖励：这里的相关文档call_load_methods()直接解决了为什么这是线程安全的方式：

/***********************************************************************
* call_load_methods
* Call all pending class and category +load methods.
* Class +load methods are called superclass-first. 
* Category +load methods are not called until after the parent class's +load.
* 
* This method must be RE-ENTRANT, because a +load could trigger 
* more image mapping. In addition, the superclass-first ordering 
* must be preserved in the face of re-entrant calls. Therefore, 
* only the OUTERMOST call of this function will do anything, and 
* that call will handle all loadable classes, even those generated 
* while it was running.
*
* The sequence below preserves +load ordering in the face of 
* image loading during a +load, and make sure that no 
* +load method is forgotten because it was added during 
* a +load call.
* Sequence:
* 1. Repeatedly call class +loads until there aren't any more
* 2. Call category +loads ONCE.
* 3. Run more +loads if:
*    (a) there are more classes to load, OR
*    (b) there are some potential category +loads that have 
*        still never been attempted.
* Category +loads are only run once to ensure "parent class first" 
* ordering, even if a category +load triggers a new loadable class 
* and a new loadable category attached to that class. 
*
* Locking: loadMethodLock must be held by the caller 
*   All other locks must not be held.
**********************************************************************/
void call_load_methods(void)

Answer 2

我认为那篇文章建议“Swizzling 应该在 +load 中完成”。但是您仍然可以在其他地方进行调酒。在这种情况下，您应该在 dispatch_once 中进行调配以实现原子性。我认为也没有必要在 +load 中将 swizzling 包装在 dispatch_once 中。