c - 在linux中使用execv而不是execl

Question

我编写了一个使用 execl 的程序，我想拥有相同的功能，但使用 execv。

这是我的 execl 程序：

    #include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>

int main (int argc, char *argv[])
{
  int pid, status,waitPid, childPid;

     pid = fork (); / Duplicate /
     if (pid == 0 && pid != -1) / Branch based on return value from fork () /
     {
       childPid = getpid();
       printf ("(The Child)\nProcess ID: %d, Parent process ID: %d, Process Group ID: %d\n",childPid,getppid (),getgid ());
       execl("/bin/cat","cat","-b","-t","-v",argv[1],(char*)NULL);
   }
     else
   {
     printf ("(The Parent)\nProcess ID: %d, The Parent Process ID: %d, Process Group ID: %d\n",getpid (),getppid (),getgid ());
     waitPid = wait(childPid,&status,0); / Wait for PID 0 (child) to finish . /
   }
   return 1; 
}

然后我尝试修改它以便改用 execv ，但我无法让它工作（因为它会说没有找到这样的文件或目录）

您使用 ./ProgramName testfile.txt 调用程序

这是我在 execv 的尝试：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>

int main ()
{
  int pid, status,waitPid, childPid;
  char *cmd_str = "cat/bin";
  char *argv[] = {cmd_str, "cat","-b","-t","-v", NULL };
     pid = fork (); / Duplicate /
     if (pid == 0 && pid != -1) / Branch based on return value from fork () /
     {
       childPid = getpid();
       printf ("(The Child)\nProcess ID: %d, Parent process ID: %d, Process Group ID: %d\n",childPid,getppid (),getgid ());
       execv(cmd_str,argv);
   }
     else
   {
     printf ("(The Parent)\nProcess ID: %d, The Parent Process ID: %d, Process Group ID: %d\n",getpid (),getppid (),getgid ());
     waitPid = wait(childPid,&status,0); / Wait for PID 0 (child) to finish . /
   }
   return 1; 
}

任何帮助都会很大，现在已经坚持了很长时间。谢谢！

Answer 1

您的代码中有一些错误，我将其标记为：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>

int main(int argc, char *argv[])     // <-- missing argc/argv
{
    int pid, status,waitPid, childPid;
    char *cmd_str = "/bin/cat";      // <-- copy/pasta error
    char *args[] = { "cat", "-b", "-t", "-v", argv[1], NULL }; // <-- renamed to args and added argv[1]
    pid = fork (); // Duplicate /
    if (pid == 0) // Branch based on return value from fork () /
    {
        childPid = getpid();
        printf ("(The Child)\nProcess ID: %d, Parent process ID: %d, Process Group ID: %d\n",childPid,getppid (),getgid ());
        execv(cmd_str,args);         // <-- renamed to args
    }
    else
    {
        printf ("(The Parent)\nProcess ID: %d, The Parent Process ID: %d, Process Group ID: %d\n",getpid (),getppid (),getgid ());
        waitPid = wait(childPid,&status,0); // Wait for PID 0 (child) to finish . /
    }
    return 1; 
}