我对编码完全陌生,我想用数字求解这 5 个微分方程。我拿了一个python 模板并将其应用到我的案例中。这是我写的简化版本:
import numpy as np
from math import *
from matplotlib import rc, font_manager
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from scipy.integrate import odeint
#Constants and parameters
alpha=1/137.
k=1.e-9
T=40.
V= 6.e-6
r = 6.9673e12
u = 1.51856e7
#defining dy/dt's
def f(y, t):
A = y[0]
B = y[1]
C = y[2]
D = y[3]
E = y[4]
# the model equations
f0 = 1.519e21*(-2*k/T*(k - (alpha/pi)*(B+V))*A)
f1 = (3*B**2 + 3*C**2 + 6*B*C + 2*pi**2*B*T + pi**2*T**2)**-1*(-f0*alpha/(3*pi**3) - 2*r*(B**3 + 3*B*C**2 + pi**2*T**2*B) - u*(D**3 - E**3))
f2 = u*(D**3 - E**3)/(3*C**2)
f3 = -u*(D**3 - E**3)/(3*D**2)
f4 = u*(D**3 - E**3)/(3*E**2) + r*(B**3 + 3*B*C**2 + pi**2*T**2*B)/(3*E**2)
return [f0, f1, f2, f3, f4]
# initial conditions
A0 = 2.e13
B0 = 0.
C0 = 50.
D0 = 50.
E0 = C0/2.
y0 = [A0, B0, C0, D0, E0] # initial condition vector
t = np.linspace(1e-15, 1e-10, 1000000) # time grid
# solve the DEs
soln = odeint(f, y0, t, mxstep = 5000)
A = soln[:, 0]
B = soln[:, 1]
C = soln[:, 2]
D = soln[:, 3]
E = soln[:, 4]
y2 = [A[-1], B[-1], C[-1], D[-1], E[-1]]
t2 = np.linspace(1.e-10, 1.e-5, 1000000)
soln2 = odeint(f, y2, t2, mxstep = 5000)
A2 = soln2[:, 0]
B2 = soln2[:, 1]
C2 = soln2[:, 2]
D2 = soln2[:, 3]
E2 = soln2[:, 4]
y3 = [A2[-1], B2[-1], C2[-1], D2[-1], E2[-1]]
t3 = np.linspace(1.e-5, 1e1, 1000000)
soln3 = odeint(f, y3, t3)
A3 = soln3[:, 0]
B3 = soln3[:, 1]
C3 = soln3[:, 2]
D3 = soln3[:, 3]
E3 = soln3[:, 4]
#Plot
rc('text', usetex=True)
plt.subplot(2, 1, 1)
plt.semilogx(t, B, 'k')
plt.semilogx(t2, B2, 'k')
plt.semilogx(t3, B3, 'k')
plt.subplot(2, 1, 2)
plt.loglog(t, A, 'k')
plt.loglog(t2, A2, 'k')
plt.loglog(t3, A3, 'k')
plt.show()
我收到以下错误:
lsoda-- warning..internal t (=r1) and h (=r2) are
such that in the machine, t + h = t on the next step
(h = step size). solver will continue anyway
In above, R1 = 0.2135341098625E-06 R2 = 0.1236845248713E-22
对于某些参数集,在使用mxstep
odeint (也尝试过hmin
但hmax
没有发现任何区别)时,虽然错误仍然存在,但我的图表看起来不错并且没有受到影响,但大多数时候它们是。有时我得到的错误要求我使用 odeint 选项运行,full_output=1
这样做我得到:
A2 = soln2[:, 0]
TypeError: tuple indices must be integers, not tuple
搜索时我不明白这意味着什么。
我想了解问题出在哪里以及如何解决。odeint 是否适合我正在尝试做的事情?