我想尝试 JavaFX 网络浏览器部署，所以我使用 IntelliJ 社区版 14.0.2 JavaFX 应用程序模板开始了一个非常简单的测试项目。这是代码：（没有插件，外部库或Maven）
主.java
@Override
public void start(Stage primaryStage) throws Exception{
Parent root = FXMLLoader.load(getClass().getResource("sample.fxml"));
primaryStage.setTitle("Hello World");
primaryStage.setScene(new Scene(root, 300, 275));
primaryStage.show();
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
launch(args);
}
Controller.java（附加到 sample.fxml）
@FXML
private TextField textField;
@FXML
private Label label;
@FXML
private void setLabelText() {
label.setText(textField.getText());
}
sample.fxml（布局文件）
<VBox alignment="TOP_CENTER" maxHeight="-Infinity" maxWidth="-Infinity" minHeight="-Infinity" minWidth="-Infinity"
prefHeight="400.0" prefWidth="600.0" spacing="20.0" xmlns="http://javafx.com/javafx/8"
xmlns:fx="http://javafx.com/fxml/1" fx:controller="sample.Controller">
<padding>
<Insets bottom="20.0" left="20.0" right="20.0" top="20.0"/>
</padding>
<TextField fx:id="textField" onAction="#setLabelText"/>
<Label fx:id="label" text="Label">
<font>
<Font size="96.0"/>
</font>
</Label>
</VBox>
现在，当我将应用程序构建为 JAR 时，它可以毫无问题地运行。但是，当我使用预定义的“JavaFXApp”工件构建它时，它会生成一个 html、一个 jnlp 和一个 jar。当我在我的网络浏览器（Firefox Nightly 64bit）中打开 html 时，它给了我以下错误：
java.lang.NullPointerException: Location is required.
at javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.loadImpl(Unknown Source)
at javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.loadImpl(Unknown Source)
at javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.loadImpl(Unknown Source)
at javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.loadImpl(Unknown Source)
at javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.loadImpl(Unknown Source)
at javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.load(Unknown Source)
at sample.Main.start(Main.java:13)
at com.sun.javafx.applet.FXApplet2$2.run(Unknown Source)
at com.sun.javafx.application.PlatformImpl.lambda$null$164(Unknown Source)
at com.sun.javafx.application.PlatformImpl$$Lambda$45/1838209255.run(Unknown Source)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at com.sun.javafx.application.PlatformImpl.lambda$runLater$165(Unknown Source)
at com.sun.javafx.application.PlatformImpl$$Lambda$44/1604839423.run(Unknown Source)
at com.sun.glass.ui.InvokeLaterDispatcher$Future.run(Unknown Source)
at com.sun.glass.ui.win.WinApplication._runLoop(Native Method)
at com.sun.glass.ui.win.WinApplication.lambda$null$141(Unknown Source)
at com.sun.glass.ui.win.WinApplication$$Lambda$36/982109627.run(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source)
Exception in thread "JavaFX Application Thread" java.lang.RuntimeException: java.lang.NullPointerException: Location is required.
at com.sun.javafx.applet.FXApplet2$2.run(Unknown Source)
at com.sun.javafx.application.PlatformImpl.lambda$null$164(Unknown Source)
at com.sun.javafx.application.PlatformImpl$$Lambda$45/1838209255.run(Unknown Source)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at com.sun.javafx.application.PlatformImpl.lambda$runLater$165(Unknown Source)
at com.sun.javafx.application.PlatformImpl$$Lambda$44/1604839423.run(Unknown Source)
at com.sun.glass.ui.InvokeLaterDispatcher$Future.run(Unknown Source)
at com.sun.glass.ui.win.WinApplication._runLoop(Native Method)
at com.sun.glass.ui.win.WinApplication.lambda$null$141(Unknown Source)
at com.sun.glass.ui.win.WinApplication$$Lambda$36/982109627.run(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source)
Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException: Location is required.
at javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.loadImpl(Unknown Source)
at javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.loadImpl(Unknown Source)
at javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.loadImpl(Unknown Source)
at javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.loadImpl(Unknown Source)
at javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.loadImpl(Unknown Source)
at javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.load(Unknown Source)
at sample.Main.start(Main.java:13)
... 11 more
相关的代码行似乎是
Parent root = FXMLLoader.load(getClass().getResource("sample.fxml"));
然而，当作为单个独立 JAR 构建和打开时，同样的代码行工作得很好！关于为什么会发生错误或如何修复它的任何想法？