我是 Spring MVC 的新手，目前正在编写一个 @Controller 类，但这些方法都没有业务逻辑，更不用说“/static/”下的视图的 HTML 文件了。首先，我想看看如何对每个方法进行单元测试，以确保在插入业务逻辑之前所有端点都响应 200/ok，你知道测试驱动开发。然后，我在对分配有 @ModelAttribute 的 @PostMapping 注释方法进行单元测试时遇到了困难。在昨天的整个搜索之后，我为某人整理了代码，以便对涉及@PostMapping 和@ModelAttribute 的此类案例进行单元测试，您需要在“post”方法上更新模型属性的参数值。我非常欢迎积极的反馈，以使我的测试更好，只是想在其他人的情况下发布这个'
pom.xml 文件：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.2.2.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.example</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-mvc-hotel-app</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>serving-web-content</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<!-- Spring Boot Test Starter is Starter for testing Spring Boot applications
with libraries including JUnit, Hamcrest and Mockito. -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
模型属性类：
package com.corplithotel.eventsapp.domain;
//Create the Model Attribute class, and its class members
public class QuoteRequest {
String customer;
String age;
String budget;
String eventType;
String foodAllergies;
//getters and setters
public String getCustomer() {
return customer;
}
public void setCustomer(String customer) {
this.customer = customer;
}
public String getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(String age) {
this.age = age;
}
public String getBudget() {
return budget;
}
public void setBudget(String budget) {
this.budget = budget;
}
public String getEventType() {
return eventType;
}
public void setEventType(String eventType) {
this.eventType = eventType;
}
public String getFoodAllergies() {
return foodAllergies;
}
public void setFoodAllergies(String foodAllergies) {
this.foodAllergies = foodAllergies;
}
}
主类：
package com.corplithotel.eventsapp;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
public class CorpLitHotel {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(CorpLitHotel.class, args);
}
}
@控制器1
package com.corplithotel.eventsapp.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import com.corplithotel.eventsapp.domain.QuoteRequest;
//Step 1: * Create QuoteRequestController *
/*@Conroller annotation makes this class a controller, next we need to
* add 'handler mappings' to provide the controller some functionality.
* For Step 1, we won't add logic for @RequestMapping 'beginQuoteRequest()'
* & @Postrequest 'submitQuoteRequest()' methods, we will Mock the class
* and unit test in Step 2 for TDD examples:
*
*
*/
@Controller
public class QuoteRequestController {
/*@GetMapping annotation is a 'handler mapping' annotation.
* When a user comes to the page to fill out the Quote form, they
* first need to get the page. The return of the method will be a
* 'logical view name', which is just a string, and tends to correlate
* to some HTML, JSP or whatever file you're using for your View.
*
*/
@GetMapping("/newquote")
public String beginQuoteRequest(Model model) {
//Check Unit Test for logic
return "newQuote";
}//beginQuoteRequest()
/*@PosMapping annotation is another 'handler mapping' annotation.
* Once a user fills out the Quote form with their name and
* other event details, they may want to save or post that quote.
* We need to add a handler for the Post, and needs to be a separate
* method. Will be a separate page with a confirmation message to let
* the user know their Quote request has been received.
*/
@PostMapping("/newquote")
public String submitQuoteRequest(@ModelAttribute QuoteRequest formBean) {
//Check Unit Test for ideal logic
return "newQuoteConfirmation";
}//submitQuoteRequest()
}
控制器 1 单元测试：
package com.corplithotel.eventsapp.controller;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders.get;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders.post;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.status;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeAll;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.DisplayName;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.TestInstance;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.TestInstance.Lifecycle;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.extension.ExtendWith;
import org.mockito.InjectMocks;
import org.mockito.Mock;
import org.mockito.junit.jupiter.MockitoExtension;
import org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.web.servlet.WebMvcTest;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.setup.MockMvcBuilders;
import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext;
import com.corplithotel.eventsapp.domain.QuoteRequest;
/*Step 2 *Create Unit tests for QuoteRequestController*:
* this tests are assuming
*/
@ExtendWith(MockitoExtension.class)
@WebMvcTest( QuoteRequestController.class)
@TestInstance(Lifecycle.PER_CLASS)
public class QuoteRequestController_UnitTests {
@Mock
private WebApplicationContext wac;
@InjectMocks
private QuoteRequestController qrc;
private MockMvc qrcMockMvc;
@BeforeAll
public void setUp() {
qrcMockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(qrc).build();
}//BeforeAll
@Test
@DisplayName("testGetQuoteForm.. beginQuoteRequest().. Expected to pass..")
public void testGetQuoteForm() throws Exception {
//simulate getting a new form for the user to fill in (GET)
qrcMockMvc
.perform(get("/newquote"))
.andExpect(status().is(200))
.andReturn();
}//testGetQuoteForm()
@Test
@DisplayName("testPostQuoteForm().. submitQuoteRequest.. Expected to pass..")
public void testPostQuoteForm() throws Exception {
QuoteRequest aFormBean = new QuoteRequest();
qrcMockMvc
.perform(post("/newquote", aFormBean))
.andExpect(status().isOk())
.andReturn();
}//testGetQuoteForm()
}// QuoteRequestController_UnitTests
结果1：
Junit 控制器 1 个结果
控制器 2：
package com.corplithotel.eventsapp.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import com.corplithotel.eventsapp.domain.QuoteRequest;
/*Step 3 *Creating QuoteRequestManagementController
* This is the controller that the sales team member
* uses to reply to a customer's request for an estimate.
* Sale's Team member can see all the incoming requests.
*
*Controller method's body for Step 3 will be empty, we will unit test
* every method of the Controller first in Step 4.
*/
@Controller
public class QuoteRequestManagementController {
/*
* We will be specifying, parameters, look for a parameter of
* a particular value; or looking for the absence of a parameter
*/
//Specifying: Sale's Team member can see all the incoming requests.
@GetMapping(path = "/quoteRequests")
public String listQuoteRequests() {
return "quoteRequestsList";
}//listRequests()
/*Parameter Of A Specific Value: Narrow down search for different
* types of sales reps. Look for 'eventType' = 'wedding' for sales reps that
* only deal with weddings and only see events associated
* with weddings.
*/
@GetMapping(path = "/quoteRequests", params="eventType=wedding")
public String listWeddingRequests() {
return "quoteWeddingRequestsList";
}//listWeddingRequests()
/*Parameter Of A Specific Value: Narrow down search for different types of sales
reps.
* Look for 'eventType' = 'birthday' for sales reps that
* only deal with weddings and only see events associated
* with weddings.
*/
@GetMapping(path = "/quoteRequests", params="eventType=birthday")
public String listBirthdayRequests() {
return "quoteBirthdayRequestsList";
}//listBirthdayRequests()
/*
* Look for 'eventType' parameter regardless of its value
*/
@GetMapping(path = "/quoteRequests", params="eventType")
public String listAllEventTypeRequests() {
return "quoteAllEventTypeRequestList";
}//listAllEventTypeRequests()
/*
* Absence of a parameter: Look for requests with no 'eventType' parameter
*/
@GetMapping(path = "/quoteRequests", params="!eventType")
public String listNoneEventTypeRequests() {
return "quoteNoneEventTypeRequestsList";
}//listNoneEventTypeRequests()
/*
* Specifying: Create another mapping for a sales rep to drill down
* from what I see in a list and pick one particular quote
* request. We will accomplish this by providing each
* quote request a unique quoteID using @PathVariable
*/
@GetMapping("/quoteRequests/{quoteID}")
public String viewQuoteRequest(@PathVariable int quoteID) {
//refer to quoteID in my implementation
return "quoteRequestsDetails";
}//viewQuoteRequest()
/*
*For this scenario lets say a sales rep is in a particular
* quote and maybe want to add a note, which will require them
* to save the content of the screen. This means we need a
* @PostMapping. The sales rep might want to update the customer
* name, event type, food allergy side note, etc.
*
*Once they hit 'save', all the data will come in and be accessible
* through @ModelAttribute and we can reference the Model Attribute in
* the method signature. So as we implement the logic in the controller
* we get to use a Model Bean and pull in all the updated data
* and ultimately save the data somewhere.
*/
@PostMapping ("/quoteUpdateDetails")
public String updateQuoteRequest(
@ModelAttribute("quoteRequest") QuoteRequest quoteRequest) {
//implement a save of all the form bean information
return "quoteUpdateDetails";
}//updateQuoteRequest()
}
控制器 2 单元测试：
package com.corplithotel.eventsapp.controller;
import static
org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders.get;
import static
org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders.post;
import static
org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.status;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeAll;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.DisplayName;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.TestInstance;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.TestInstance.Lifecycle;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.extension.ExtendWith;
import org.mockito.InjectMocks;
import org.mockito.Mock;
import org.mockito.junit.jupiter.MockitoExtension;
import org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.web.servlet.WebMvcTest;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;
import
org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockHttpServletRequestBuilder;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.setup.MockMvcBuilders;
import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver;
import com.corplithotel.eventsapp.domain.QuoteRequest;
@ExtendWith(MockitoExtension.class)
@WebMvcTest( QuoteRequestManagementController.class)
@TestInstance(Lifecycle.PER_CLASS)
class QuoteRequestManagementController_UnitTests {
@Mock
private WebApplicationContext wac;
@InjectMocks
private QuoteRequestManagementController qrmc;
private MockMvc qrmcMockMvc;
@BeforeAll
public void setUp() {
InternalResourceViewResolver viewResolver = new InternalResourceViewResolver();
viewResolver.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/");
viewResolver.setSuffix(".html");
qrmcMockMvc=
MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(qrmc)
.setViewResolvers(viewResolver).build();
}//BeforeAll
@Test
@DisplayName("testListQuoteRequests().. Test should pass")
void testlistQuoteRequests() throws Exception {
qrmcMockMvc
.perform(get("/quoteRequests"))
.andExpect(status().is(200))
.andReturn();
}//testlistRequests()
@Test
@DisplayName("testListWeddingRequests() .. Parameter Of A Specific Value Test1.. Test should pass")
void testlistWeddingRequests() throws Exception {
qrmcMockMvc
.perform(get("/quoteRequests?eventType=wedding"))
.andExpect(status().is(200))
.andReturn();
}//testlistWeddingRequests()
@Test
@DisplayName("testListBirthdayRequests() .. Parameter Of A Specific Value Test2.. Test should pass")
void testlistBirthdayRequests() throws Exception {
qrmcMockMvc
.perform(get("/quoteRequests?eventType=birthday"))
.andExpect(status().is(200))
.andReturn();
}//testlistBirthdayRequests()
@Test
@DisplayName("testListAllEventsRequests() .. Parameter with no specified value.. Test should pass")
void testlistAllEventsRequests() throws Exception {
qrmcMockMvc
.perform(get("/quoteRequests?eventType"))
.andExpect(status().is(200))
.andReturn();
}//testlistBirthdayRequests()
@Test
@DisplayName("testNoneEventTypeRequests() .. no parameter .. Test should pass")
void testNoneEventTypeRequests() throws Exception {
qrmcMockMvc
.perform(get("/quoteRequests?!eventType"))
.andExpect(status().is(200))
.andReturn();
}//testlistBirthdayRequests()
@Test
@DisplayName("testViewQuoteRequest().. by 'quoteID'.. Test should pass")
void testViewQuoteRequest() throws Exception {
qrmcMockMvc
.perform(get("/quoteRequests/{quoteID}", 4))
.andExpect(status().is(200))
.andReturn();
}//testViewQuoteRequest()
@Test
@DisplayName("test2ViewQuoteRequest().. by 'quoteID'.. Test should pass")
void tes2tViewQuoteRequest() throws Exception {
qrmcMockMvc
.perform(get("/quoteRequests/{quoteID}", 415))
.andExpect(status().is(200))
.andReturn();
}//testViewQuoteRequest()
@Test
void testupdateQuoteRequest() throws Exception {
MockHttpServletRequestBuilder updateDetails = post("/quoteUpdateDetails")
.param("customer", "Joe")
.param("age", "12")
.param("budget", "$1209")
.param("eventType", "wedding")
.param("foodAllergies", "fish")
.flashAttr("quoteRequest", new QuoteRequest());
qrmcMockMvc
.perform( updateDetails)
.andExpect(status().is(200));
}
}
