完成您的正确答案后，这是一个创建实例、运行一些命令并删除实例的 shell 脚本。它以与您相同的方式使用 awk。
#!/bin/sh
# Creates an Amazon EC2 virtual machine (an instance) and runs some
# shell commands on it before terminating it. Just an example.
# Stephane Bortzmeyer <stephane+amazon@bortzmeyer.org>
# Parameters you can set.
# Choose an AMI you like (ami-02103876 is a Debian "lenny")
AMI=ami-02103876
# Create your key pair first, for instance on the Web interface
KEY=test-b
KEYDIR=.
# The user name to use depends on the AMI. "root" is common but check
# the documentation of the AMI.
USERNAME=root
# Needs to be a legal Unix group of commands
COMMANDS="(uname -a; df -h; cat /etc/debian_version)"
MAX_CONNECTS=4
MAX_TESTS=6
# If you want to change from the default region, set the environment
# variable EC2_URL for instance 'export
# EC2_URL=https://ec2.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com' to use the 'eu-west-1'
# region
# Also, be sure your default security group allows incoming SSH.
if [ "${EC2_PRIVATE_KEY}" = "" ] || [ "${EC2_CERT}" = "" ]; then
echo "You need to have X.509 certificate and private key locally, and to set the environment variables EC2_PRIVATE_KEY and EC2_CERT to indicate their locations" 1>&2
exit 1
fi
start=$(ec2-run-instances --key ${KEY} $AMI)
if [ $? != 0 ]; then
echo "Machine did not start" 1>&2
exit 1
fi
AMI_E=$(echo "$start" | awk '/^INSTANCE/ {print $3}')
if [ "$AMI_E" != "$AMI" ]; then
echo "AMI does not match (got $AMI_E instead of $AMI), the machine probably did not start" 1>&2
exit 1
fi
INSTANCE=$(echo "$start" | awk '/^INSTANCE/ {print $2}')
# I do not find a way to block until the machine is ready. We
# apparently have to poll.
OVER=0
TESTS=0
while [ $OVER != 1 ] && [ $TESTS -lt $MAX_TESTS ]; do
description=$(ec2-describe-instances ${INSTANCE})
STATE=$(echo "$description" | awk '/^INSTANCE/ {print $6}')
NAME=$(echo "$description" | awk '/^INSTANCE/ {print $4}')
if [ "$NAME" = "" ]; then
echo "No instance ${INSTANCE} available. Crashed or was terminated." 1>&2
exit 1
fi
if [ $STATE = "running" ]; then
OVER=1
else
# I like bc but 'echo $(( TESTS+=1 ))' should work, too. Or expr.
TESTS=$(echo $TESTS+1 | bc)
sleep 2
fi
done
if [ $TESTS = $MAX_TESTS ]; then
echo "${INSTANCE} never got to running state" 1>&2
ec2-terminate-instances ${INSTANCE}
exit 1
fi
echo "$INSTANCE is running, name is $NAME"
# The SSH server does not seem reachable immediately. We again have to poll
OVER=0
TESTS=0
while [ $OVER != 1 ] && [ $TESTS -lt $MAX_CONNECTS ]; do
ssh -o "StrictHostKeyChecking no" -i ${KEYDIR}/${KEY}.pem ${USERNAME}@$NAME "${COMMANDS}"
if [ $? != 255 ]; then
# It means we connected successfully (even if the remote command failed)
OVER=1
else
TESTS=$(echo $TESTS+1 | bc)
sleep 3
fi
done
if [ $TESTS = $MAX_CONNECTS ]; then
echo "Cannot connect to ${NAME}" 1>&2
fi
ec2-terminate-instances ${INSTANCE}