scala - 当混合具有冲突抽象覆盖的多个特征时，我如何预测将选择哪个实现？

Question

考虑这个例子：

abstract class Writer {
  def write(message: String): Unit
}

trait UpperCaseFilter extends Writer {
  abstract override def write(message: String) =
    super.write(message.toUpperCase)
}

trait LowerCaseFilter extends Writer {
  abstract override def write(message: String) =
    super.write(message.toLowerCase)
}

class StringWriter extends Writer {
  val sb = new StringBuilder

  override def write(message: String) =
    sb.append(message)

  override def toString = sb.toString
}

object Main extends App {
  val writer = new StringWriter with UpperCaseFilter with LowerCaseFilter
  writer.write("Hello, world!")
  println(writer)
}

我对“HELLO, WORLD!”的输出感到惊讶。为什么输出不是“你好，世界！” 还是编译错误？

Answer 1

决定它的逻辑称为线性化。您可以在此处找到有关它的更多信息：

http://www.artima.com/pins1ed/traits.html#12.6

在您的情况下，整个类层次结构将像这样线性化：

LowerCaseFilter> UpperCaseFilter> Writer> StringWriter> AnyRef>Any

因此，如您所见，UpperCaseFilter是最后一次转换到StringWriter.