要进行搜索,您必须使用单项列表作为“bsearch()”的关键参数。
在上下文中,搜索 in 处的a_list[n]
条目b_list
:
void *found = bsearch(&a_list[n], b_list, b_list, b_size, Compare);
因此,要查找列表 A 中的列表 B 中的元素,您将执行以下操作:
- 对列表 B 排序(除非您愿意,否则您不需要对这部分练习的列表 A 进行排序)
- 对于列表 A 中的每个元素,搜索(已排序的)列表 B 中的项目。
为了找到 B 中不在 A 中的元素,您需要对 List A 进行排序,然后对于 List B 中的每个元素,使用反向搜索查看该元素是否在 List A 中。
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
static char *a_list[] = { "Bob", "Jimmy", "Lee", "James", "Anne" };
static char *b_list[] = { "Jen", "Jon", "Lee", "James", "Steph" };
static size_t a_number = sizeof(a_list)/sizeof(a_list[0]);
static size_t b_number = sizeof(b_list)/sizeof(b_list[0]);
static int Compare(const void *a, const void *b)
{
return (strcmp(*(char **)a, *(char **)b));
}
void SortStudents(char *studentList[], size_t studentCount)
{
qsort(studentList, studentCount, sizeof(studentList[0]), Compare);
}
static void dump_list(const char *tag, char **list, size_t number)
{
size_t i;
printf("%s:\n", tag);
for (i = 0; i < number; i++)
printf(" %s%s", list[i], (i == number - 1) ? "" : ",");
putchar('\n');
}
static char *search_list(char *name, char **list, size_t number)
{
char **found = bsearch(&name, list, number, sizeof(*list), Compare);
return((found == 0) ? 0 : *found);
}
static void names_in_list(char **find_list, size_t find_number, char **name_list, size_t name_number)
{
size_t i;
for (i = 0; i < find_number; i++)
{
char *name = search_list(find_list[i], name_list, name_number);
if (name != 0)
printf("Found %s in list at %s\n", find_list[i], name);
}
}
static void names_not_in_list(char **find_list, size_t find_number, char **name_list, size_t name_number)
{
size_t i;
for (i = 0; i < find_number; i++)
{
char *name = search_list(find_list[i], name_list, name_number);
if (name == 0)
printf("Did not find %s in list\n", find_list[i]);
}
}
int main(void)
{
dump_list("Unsorted A list", a_list, a_number);
dump_list("Unsorted B list", b_list, b_number);
SortStudents(a_list, a_number);
SortStudents(b_list, b_number);
dump_list("Sorted A list", a_list, a_number);
dump_list("Sorted B list", b_list, b_number);
dump_list("Searching in B list for people in A list", b_list, b_number);
names_in_list(a_list, a_number, b_list, b_number);
dump_list("Searching in A list for people not in B list", a_list, a_number);
names_not_in_list(b_list, b_number, a_list, a_number);
return(0);
}
输出是:
Unsorted A list:
Bob, Jimmy, Lee, James, Anne
Unsorted B list:
Jen, Jon, Lee, James, Steph
Sorted A list:
Anne, Bob, James, Jimmy, Lee
Sorted B list:
James, Jen, Jon, Lee, Steph
Searching in B list for people in A list:
James, Jen, Jon, Lee, Steph
Found James in list at James
Found Lee in list at Lee
Searching in A list for people not in B list:
Anne, Bob, James, Jimmy, Lee
Did not find Jen in list
Did not find Jon in list
Did not find Steph in list