compiler-construction - 删除可为空的产生式

Question

我正在为pascal的一个子集创建一个词法分析器，这是编译器红龙教科书后面推荐的一个编程项目。我正在将语法更改为 LL，以便创建解析表。我忽略了悬而未决的其他歧义，并相信这是唯一存在的歧义。我刚刚删除了所有的 epsilon 产品。在我继续左分解之前，我想要一些关于我是否正确删除了 epsilon 产生式的反馈。我已经盯着这个看了很长一段时间，所以真的不确定我是否错过了一些会在以后引起问题并且没有人检查的东西。我知道这是一个很长的帖子，我真的不知道还有什么地方可以让知道的人检查一下。我真的很感谢你的时间！

原文语法：

<statement> →
    if <expression> then <statement>
<factor> → id
<program> →
     <program> id (<identifier_list>);
     <declarations>
     <subprogram_declarations>
     <compound_statement>
     .
<identifier_list> →
     id
     | <identifier_list>, id
<declarations> →
     <declarations> var id : <type>;
     |E
<type> → 
     <standard_type>
     |array[num..num] of <standard_type>
<standard type> →
     integer
     | real
<subprogram_declarations> →
     <subprogram_declarations> <subprogram_declaration>;
     |E
<subprogram_declaration> →
     <subprogram_head declarations> 
     <subprogram_declarations> 
     <compound_statement>
<subprogram_head> → 
     function id <arguments> : <standard_type>;
<arguments> → 
    (<parameter_list>)
    | E
<parameter_list> →
     id : <type> 
     | <parameter_list>; id : <type>
<compound statement> →
     begin
     <optional_statements>
     end
<optional_statements> →
     <statement_list>
     | E
<statement_list> →
     <statement>
     |<statement_list>; <statement>
<statement> →
     <variable> assignop <expression>
     | <procedure_statement>
     | <compound_statement>
     | if <expression then statement> else <statement>
     | while <expression> do <statement>
     | if <expression> then <statement>
<variable> → 
     id
     | id [<expression> ]
<expression_list> →
     <expression>
     |<expression_list> , <expression>
<expression> →
     <simple_expression>
     | <simple_expression> relop <simple_expression>
<simple_expression> →
     <term>
     | sign <term>
     | <simple_expression> addop <term>
<term> →
     <factor>
     | <term> mulop <factor>
<factor> →
     id
     | id (<expression_list>)
     | num
     | (<expression>)
     | not <factor>
     | id [<expression>]
<sign> →
     + | -

语法后ε产生消除

<statement> →
    if <expression> then <statement>
<factor> → id
<program> →
     <program><id (<identifier_list>);
     <declarations>
     <subprogram_declarations>
     .
     |<program> id (<identifier_list>);
      <subprogram_declarations>
      .
     |<program>id (<identifier_list>);
      <declarations>
      .
     |<program> id (<identifier_list>);
      .
     |<program><id (<identifier_list>);
      <declarations>
      <subprogram_declarations>
      begin
      <statement_list>
      end
      .
     |<program> id (<identifier_list>);
      <subprogram_declarations>
      begin
      <statement_list>
      end
      .
     |<program>id (<identifier_list>);
      <declarations>
      begin
      <statement_list>
      end
      .
     |<program> id (<identifier_list>);
      begin
      <statement_list>
      end
      .
<identifier_list> →
     id
     | <identifier_list>, id
<declarations> →
     <declarations> var id : <type>;
<type> → 
     <standard_type>
     |array[num..num] of standard_type
<standard type> →
     <integer>
     | <real>
     <subprogram_declarations> →
     <subprogram_declarations>  <subprogram_declaration>;
<subprogram_declaration> →
     <subprogram_head> <declarations> 
     <subprogram_declarations >
     begin
     <statement_list>
     end
     |<subprogram_head>
      <subprogram_declarations >
      begin
      <statement_list>
      end
     |<subprogram_head> <declarations> 
      begin
      <statement_list>
      end
     |<subprogram_head>
      begin
      <statement_list>
      end
     |<subprogram_head> <declarations> 
      <subprogram_declarations >
     |<subprogram_head>
      <subprogram_declarations >
     |<subprogram_head> <declarations> 
     |<subprogram_head>
<subprogram_head> → 
      function id (<parameter_list>) : <standard_type>;
      |function id : <standard_type>;
<parameter_list> →
     id : <type> 
     |<parameter_list>; id : <type>
<statement_list> →
     <statement>
     |<statement_list>;< statement>
<statement> →
     <variable> assignop <expression>
     | <procedure_statement>
     | <compound_statement>
     | if <expression> then <statement> else <statement>
     | while <expression> do <statement>
     | if <expression> then <statement>
<variable> → 
     id
     |id [<expression>]
<expression_list> →
     <expression>
     |<expression_list> , <expression>
<expression> →
     <simple_expression>
     | <simple_expression> relop <simple_expression>
<simple_expression> →
     <term>
     | <sign> <term>
     | <simple_expression> addop <term>
<term> →
     <factor>
     | <term> mulop <factor>
<factor> →
     id
     | id (<expression_list>)
     | num
     | (<expression>)
     | not <factor>
     | id [<expression>]
<sign> →
     + | -

当然，第二种语法明显不同。我通过查找对它的引用并创建一个 | 删除了所有 epsilon 产生式。有和没有它的选项。当删除 epsilon 只在生产中留下一条生产线时，我完全删除了该生产并将该生产线移动到之前调用生产的任何位置。例如，我通过更改以下方式完全消除了这种方式：

 <subprogram_head> → 
      function id <arguments> : <standard_type>;
 <arguments> → 
      (<parameter_list>)
      | E

至

<subprogram_head> → 
     function id (<parameter_list>) : <standard_type>;
     |function id : <standard_type>;