您需要双重间接来管理对数据的并发访问:
class Object {
public;
class Data {
int get_value() const;
void set_value(int);
};
class Guard {
public:
Guard(Nutex& mutex, Data* data)
: data(data)
{
if( ! data) throw std::runtime_error("No Data");
mutex.lock();
}
~Guard()
{
mutex.unlock();
}
Data& data() { return *m_data; }
private:
Data* data;
};
class ConstGuard {
public:
ConstGuard(Mutex& mutex, const Data* data)
: data(data)
{
if( ! data) throw std::runtime_error("No Data");
mutex.lock();
}
~ConstGuard()
{
mutex.unlock();
}
const Data& data() const { return *m_data; }
private:
const Data* data;
};
private:
friend std::shared_ptr<Object> make_object(const Data&);
Object(const Data& data)
: data(new Data(data))
{}
public:
~Object()
{
delete data;
}
/// Self destruction.
void dispose() {
Guard guard(get());
delete data;
data = 0;
}
// For multiple operations use a Guard.
Guard get() { return Guard(mutex, data); }
ConstGuard get() const { return ConstGuard(mutex, data); }
// For single operations you may provide convenience functions.
int get_value() const { return ConstGuard(mutex, data).data().get_value(); }
void set_value(int value) { Guard(mutex, data).data().set_value(value); }
private:
mutable Mutex mutex;
data* data;
};
std::shared_ptr<Object> make_object(const Object::Data& data) {
return std::make_shared<Object>(data);
}
(注:以上代码只是一个草图,我没有编译过)
那是一个很长的故事。简短的是 [20.7.2.5] shared_ptr 原子访问:
Concurrent access to a shared_ptr object from multiple threads does not
introduce a data race if the access is done exclusively via the functions
in this section and the instance is passed as their first argument.
- shared_ptr atomic_load(const shared_ptr* p);
- void atomic_store(shared_ptr* p, shared_ptr r);
- ...但我不熟悉这些功能。