我看到 Ansible 提供了一些我们可以在剧本和模板文件中使用的预定义变量。例如，主机 IP 地址是ansible_eth0.ipv4.address。谷歌和搜索文档我找不到所有可用变量的列表。
有人会为我列出它们吗？
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213
从常见问题解答：
如何查看所有 ansible_ 变量的列表？
Ansible 默认收集有关受管理机器的“事实”，这些事实可以在剧本和模板中访问。要查看有关机器的所有可用事实的列表，您可以将
setup模块作为临时操作运行：ansible -m setup hostname这将打印出该特定主机可用的所有事实的字典。您可能希望将输出通过管道传输到寻呼机。这不包括库存变量或内部“魔术”变量。如果您需要的不仅仅是“事实”，请参阅下一个问题。
这是我的流浪虚拟机的输出，名为scdev：
scdev | success >> {
"ansible_facts": {
"ansible_all_ipv4_addresses": [
"10.0.2.15",
"192.168.10.10"
],
"ansible_all_ipv6_addresses": [
"fe80::a00:27ff:fe12:9698",
"fe80::a00:27ff:fe74:1330"
],
"ansible_architecture": "i386",
"ansible_bios_date": "12/01/2006",
"ansible_bios_version": "VirtualBox",
"ansible_cmdline": {
"BOOT_IMAGE": "/vmlinuz-3.2.0-23-generic-pae",
"quiet": true,
"ro": true,
"root": "/dev/mapper/precise32-root"
},
"ansible_date_time": {
"date": "2013-09-17",
"day": "17",
"epoch": "1379378304",
"hour": "00",
"iso8601": "2013-09-17T00:38:24Z",
"iso8601_micro": "2013-09-17T00:38:24.425092Z",
"minute": "38",
"month": "09",
"second": "24",
"time": "00:38:24",
"tz": "UTC",
"year": "2013"
},
"ansible_default_ipv4": {
"address": "10.0.2.15",
"alias": "eth0",
"gateway": "10.0.2.2",
"interface": "eth0",
"macaddress": "08:00:27:12:96:98",
"mtu": 1500,
"netmask": "255.255.255.0",
"network": "10.0.2.0",
"type": "ether"
},
"ansible_default_ipv6": {},
"ansible_devices": {
"sda": {
"holders": [],
"host": "SATA controller: Intel Corporation 82801HM/HEM (ICH8M/ICH8M-E) SATA Controller [AHCI mode] (rev 02)",
"model": "VBOX HARDDISK",
"partitions": {
"sda1": {
"sectors": "497664",
"sectorsize": 512,
"size": "243.00 MB",
"start": "2048"
},
"sda2": {
"sectors": "2",
"sectorsize": 512,
"size": "1.00 KB",
"start": "501758"
},
},
"removable": "0",
"rotational": "1",
"scheduler_mode": "cfq",
"sectors": "167772160",
"sectorsize": "512",
"size": "80.00 GB",
"support_discard": "0",
"vendor": "ATA"
},
"sr0": {
"holders": [],
"host": "IDE interface: Intel Corporation 82371AB/EB/MB PIIX4 IDE (rev 01)",
"model": "CD-ROM",
"partitions": {},
"removable": "1",
"rotational": "1",
"scheduler_mode": "cfq",
"sectors": "2097151",
"sectorsize": "512",
"size": "1024.00 MB",
"support_discard": "0",
"vendor": "VBOX"
},
"sr1": {
"holders": [],
"host": "IDE interface: Intel Corporation 82371AB/EB/MB PIIX4 IDE (rev 01)",
"model": "CD-ROM",
"partitions": {},
"removable": "1",
"rotational": "1",
"scheduler_mode": "cfq",
"sectors": "2097151",
"sectorsize": "512",
"size": "1024.00 MB",
"support_discard": "0",
"vendor": "VBOX"
}
},
"ansible_distribution": "Ubuntu",
"ansible_distribution_release": "precise",
"ansible_distribution_version": "12.04",
"ansible_domain": "",
"ansible_eth0": {
"active": true,
"device": "eth0",
"ipv4": {
"address": "10.0.2.15",
"netmask": "255.255.255.0",
"network": "10.0.2.0"
},
"ipv6": [
{
"address": "fe80::a00:27ff:fe12:9698",
"prefix": "64",
"scope": "link"
}
],
"macaddress": "08:00:27:12:96:98",
"module": "e1000",
"mtu": 1500,
"type": "ether"
},
"ansible_eth1": {
"active": true,
"device": "eth1",
"ipv4": {
"address": "192.168.10.10",
"netmask": "255.255.255.0",
"network": "192.168.10.0"
},
"ipv6": [
{
"address": "fe80::a00:27ff:fe74:1330",
"prefix": "64",
"scope": "link"
}
],
"macaddress": "08:00:27:74:13:30",
"module": "e1000",
"mtu": 1500,
"type": "ether"
},
"ansible_form_factor": "Other",
"ansible_fqdn": "scdev",
"ansible_hostname": "scdev",
"ansible_interfaces": [
"lo",
"eth1",
"eth0"
],
"ansible_kernel": "3.2.0-23-generic-pae",
"ansible_lo": {
"active": true,
"device": "lo",
"ipv4": {
"address": "127.0.0.1",
"netmask": "255.0.0.0",
"network": "127.0.0.0"
},
"ipv6": [
{
"address": "::1",
"prefix": "128",
"scope": "host"
}
],
"mtu": 16436,
"type": "loopback"
},
"ansible_lsb": {
"codename": "precise",
"description": "Ubuntu 12.04 LTS",
"id": "Ubuntu",
"major_release": "12",
"release": "12.04"
},
"ansible_machine": "i686",
"ansible_memfree_mb": 23,
"ansible_memtotal_mb": 369,
"ansible_mounts": [
{
"device": "/dev/mapper/precise32-root",
"fstype": "ext4",
"mount": "/",
"options": "rw,errors=remount-ro",
"size_available": 77685088256,
"size_total": 84696281088
},
{
"device": "/dev/sda1",
"fstype": "ext2",
"mount": "/boot",
"options": "rw",
"size_available": 201044992,
"size_total": 238787584
},
{
"device": "/vagrant",
"fstype": "vboxsf",
"mount": "/vagrant",
"options": "uid=1000,gid=1000,rw",
"size_available": 42013151232,
"size_total": 484145360896
}
],
"ansible_os_family": "Debian",
"ansible_pkg_mgr": "apt",
"ansible_processor": [
"Pentium(R) Dual-Core CPU E5300 @ 2.60GHz"
],
"ansible_processor_cores": "NA",
"ansible_processor_count": 1,
"ansible_product_name": "VirtualBox",
"ansible_product_serial": "NA",
"ansible_product_uuid": "NA",
"ansible_product_version": "1.2",
"ansible_python_version": "2.7.3",
"ansible_selinux": false,
"ansible_swapfree_mb": 766,
"ansible_swaptotal_mb": 767,
"ansible_system": "Linux",
"ansible_system_vendor": "innotek GmbH",
"ansible_user_id": "neves",
"ansible_userspace_architecture": "i386",
"ansible_userspace_bits": "32",
"ansible_virtualization_role": "guest",
"ansible_virtualization_type": "virtualbox"
},
"changed": false
}
当前文档现在有一个关于发现变量的完整章节：事实和魔术变量。
于 2013-09-17T00:38:28.470 回答
72
ansible -m setup hostname
仅获取设置模块收集的事实。
Gilles Cornu 发布了一个模板技巧来列出特定主机的所有变量。
模板（后来称为dump_variables）：
HOSTVARS (ANSIBLE GATHERED, group_vars, host_vars) :
{{ hostvars[inventory_hostname] | to_yaml }}
PLAYBOOK VARS:
{{ vars | to_yaml }}
使用它的剧本：
- hosts: all
tasks:
- template:
src: templates/dump_variables
dest: /tmp/ansible_variables
- fetch:
src: /tmp/ansible_variables
dest: "{{inventory_hostname}}_ansible_variables"
之后，您将在每台主机上转储所有变量，并在本地工作站上的 tmp 文件夹中复制每个文本转储文件。如果您不想要本地副本，则可以删除 fetch 语句。
这包括收集的事实、主变量和组变量。因此，您会看到诸如group_names、inventory_hostname、ansible_ssh_host等 ansible 默认变量。
于 2014-10-02T12:25:58.747 回答
34
Ansible 中有 3 个变量来源：
从事实中收集的变量。您可以通过运行命令获取它们：
ansible -m setup hostname内置（预定义）Ansible 变量（又名“魔术”变量）。它们记录在 Ansible 文档中：http
://docs.ansible.com/playbooks_variables.html#magic-variables-and-how-to-access-information-about-other-hosts 以下是从 Ansible 1.9 文档中提取的列表：- 组名
- 团体
- 库存主机名
- ansible_hostname
- 库存主机名短
- 播放主机
- 委托人
- 库存目录
- 库存文件
- 通过命令行传递给 ansible 的变量。但显然你知道它们是什么
于 2015-04-30T21:49:21.093 回答
17
我使用这个简单的剧本：
---
# vars.yml
#
# Shows the value of all variables/facts.
#
# Example:
#
# ansible-playbook vars.yml -e 'hosts=localhost'
#
- hosts: localhost
tasks:
- fail: "You must specify a value for `hosts` variable - e.g.: ansible-playbook vars.yml -e 'hosts=localhost'"
when: hosts is not defined
- hosts: "{{ hosts }}"
tasks:
- debug: var=vars
- debug: var=hostvars[inventory_hostname]
于 2015-05-25T17:24:15.380 回答
10
有很多变量被定义为事实——http: //docs.ansible.com/ansible/playbooks_variables.html#information-discovered-from-systems-facts
"ansible_all_ipv4_addresses": [
"REDACTED IP ADDRESS"
],
"ansible_all_ipv6_addresses": [
"REDACTED IPV6 ADDRESS"
],
"ansible_architecture": "x86_64",
"ansible_bios_date": "09/20/2012",
"ansible_bios_version": "6.00",
"ansible_cmdline": {
"BOOT_IMAGE": "/boot/vmlinuz-3.5.0-23-generic",
"quiet": true,
"ro": true,
"root": "UUID=4195bff4-e157-4e41-8701-e93f0aec9e22",
"splash": true
},
"ansible_date_time": {
"date": "2013-10-02",
"day": "02",
"epoch": "1380756810",
"hour": "19",
"iso8601": "2013-10-02T23:33:30Z",
"iso8601_micro": "2013-10-02T23:33:30.036070Z",
"minute": "33",
"month": "10",
"second": "30",
"time": "19:33:30",
"tz": "EDT",
"year": "2013"
},
"ansible_default_ipv4": {
"address": "REDACTED",
"alias": "eth0",
"gateway": "REDACTED",
"interface": "eth0",
"macaddress": "REDACTED",
"mtu": 1500,
"netmask": "255.255.255.0",
"network": "REDACTED",
"type": "ether"
},
"ansible_default_ipv6": {},
"ansible_devices": {
"fd0": {
"holders": [],
"host": "",
"model": null,
"partitions": {},
"removable": "1",
"rotational": "1",
"scheduler_mode": "deadline",
"sectors": "0",
"sectorsize": "512",
"size": "0.00 Bytes",
"support_discard": "0",
"vendor": null
},
"sda": {
"holders": [],
"host": "SCSI storage controller: LSI Logic / Symbios Logic 53c1030 PCI-X Fusion-MPT Dual Ultra320 SCSI (rev 01)",
"model": "VMware Virtual S",
"partitions": {
"sda1": {
"sectors": "39843840",
"sectorsize": 512,
"size": "19.00 GB",
"start": "2048"
},
"sda2": {
"sectors": "2",
"sectorsize": 512,
"size": "1.00 KB",
"start": "39847934"
},
"sda5": {
"sectors": "2093056",
"sectorsize": 512,
"size": "1022.00 MB",
"start": "39847936"
}
},
"removable": "0",
"rotational": "1",
"scheduler_mode": "deadline",
"sectors": "41943040",
"sectorsize": "512",
"size": "20.00 GB",
"support_discard": "0",
"vendor": "VMware,"
},
"sr0": {
"holders": [],
"host": "IDE interface: Intel Corporation 82371AB/EB/MB PIIX4 IDE (rev 01)",
"model": "VMware IDE CDR10",
"partitions": {},
"removable": "1",
"rotational": "1",
"scheduler_mode": "deadline",
"sectors": "2097151",
"sectorsize": "512",
"size": "1024.00 MB",
"support_discard": "0",
"vendor": "NECVMWar"
}
},
"ansible_distribution": "Ubuntu",
"ansible_distribution_release": "precise",
"ansible_distribution_version": "12.04",
"ansible_domain": "",
"ansible_env": {
"COLORTERM": "gnome-terminal",
"DISPLAY": ":0",
"HOME": "/home/mdehaan",
"LANG": "C",
"LESSCLOSE": "/usr/bin/lesspipe %s %s",
"LESSOPEN": "| /usr/bin/lesspipe %s",
"LOGNAME": "root",
"LS_COLORS": "rs=0:di=01;34:ln=01;36:mh=00:pi=40;33:so=01;35:do=01;35:bd=40;33;01:cd=40;33;01:or=40;31;01:su=37;41:sg=30;43:ca=30;41:tw=30;42:ow=34;42:st=37;44:ex=01;32:*.tar=01;31:*.tgz=01;31:*.arj=01;31:*.taz=01;31:*.lzh=01;31:*.lzma=01;31:*.tlz=01;31:*.txz=01;31:*.zip=01;31:*.z=01;31:*.Z=01;31:*.dz=01;31:*.gz=01;31:*.lz=01;31:*.xz=01;31:*.bz2=01;31:*.bz=01;31:*.tbz=01;31:*.tbz2=01;31:*.tz=01;31:*.deb=01;31:*.rpm=01;31:*.jar=01;31:*.war=01;31:*.ear=01;31:*.sar=01;31:*.rar=01;31:*.ace=01;31:*.zoo=01;31:*.cpio=01;31:*.7z=01;31:*.rz=01;31:*.jpg=01;35:*.jpeg=01;35:*.gif=01;35:*.bmp=01;35:*.pbm=01;35:*.pgm=01;35:*.ppm=01;35:*.tga=01;35:*.xbm=01;35:*.xpm=01;35:*.tif=01;35:*.tiff=01;35:*.png=01;35:*.svg=01;35:*.svgz=01;35:*.mng=01;35:*.pcx=01;35:*.mov=01;35:*.mpg=01;35:*.mpeg=01;35:*.m2v=01;35:*.mkv=01;35:*.webm=01;35:*.ogm=01;35:*.mp4=01;35:*.m4v=01;35:*.mp4v=01;35:*.vob=01;35:*.qt=01;35:*.nuv=01;35:*.wmv=01;35:*.asf=01;35:*.rm=01;35:*.rmvb=01;35:*.flc=01;35:*.avi=01;35:*.fli=01;35:*.flv=01;35:*.gl=01;35:*.dl=01;35:*.xcf=01;35:*.xwd=01;35:*.yuv=01;35:*.cgm=01;35:*.emf=01;35:*.axv=01;35:*.anx=01;35:*.ogv=01;35:*.ogx=01;35:*.aac=00;36:*.au=00;36:*.flac=00;36:*.mid=00;36:*.midi=00;36:*.mka=00;36:*.mp3=00;36:*.mpc=00;36:*.ogg=00;36:*.ra=00;36:*.wav=00;36:*.axa=00;36:*.oga=00;36:*.spx=00;36:*.xspf=00;36:",
"MAIL": "/var/mail/root",
"OLDPWD": "/root/ansible/docsite",
"PATH": "/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin",
"PWD": "/root/ansible",
"SHELL": "/bin/bash",
"SHLVL": "1",
"SUDO_COMMAND": "/bin/bash",
"SUDO_GID": "1000",
"SUDO_UID": "1000",
"SUDO_USER": "mdehaan",
"TERM": "xterm",
"USER": "root",
"USERNAME": "root",
"XAUTHORITY": "/home/mdehaan/.Xauthority",
"_": "/usr/local/bin/ansible"
},
"ansible_eth0": {
"active": true,
"device": "eth0",
"ipv4": {
"address": "REDACTED",
"netmask": "255.255.255.0",
"network": "REDACTED"
},
"ipv6": [
{
"address": "REDACTED",
"prefix": "64",
"scope": "link"
}
],
"macaddress": "REDACTED",
"module": "e1000",
"mtu": 1500,
"type": "ether"
},
"ansible_form_factor": "Other",
"ansible_fqdn": "ubuntu2.example.com",
"ansible_hostname": "ubuntu2",
"ansible_interfaces": [
"lo",
"eth0"
],
"ansible_kernel": "3.5.0-23-generic",
"ansible_lo": {
"active": true,
"device": "lo",
"ipv4": {
"address": "127.0.0.1",
"netmask": "255.0.0.0",
"network": "127.0.0.0"
},
"ipv6": [
{
"address": "::1",
"prefix": "128",
"scope": "host"
}
],
"mtu": 16436,
"type": "loopback"
},
"ansible_lsb": {
"codename": "precise",
"description": "Ubuntu 12.04.2 LTS",
"id": "Ubuntu",
"major_release": "12",
"release": "12.04"
},
"ansible_machine": "x86_64",
"ansible_memfree_mb": 74,
"ansible_memtotal_mb": 991,
"ansible_mounts": [
{
"device": "/dev/sda1",
"fstype": "ext4",
"mount": "/",
"options": "rw,errors=remount-ro",
"size_available": 15032406016,
"size_total": 20079898624
}
],
"ansible_nodename": "ubuntu2.example.com",
"ansible_os_family": "Debian",
"ansible_pkg_mgr": "apt",
"ansible_processor": [
"Intel(R) Core(TM) i7 CPU 860 @ 2.80GHz"
],
"ansible_processor_cores": 1,
"ansible_processor_count": 1,
"ansible_processor_threads_per_core": 1,
"ansible_processor_vcpus": 1,
"ansible_product_name": "VMware Virtual Platform",
"ansible_product_serial": "REDACTED",
"ansible_product_uuid": "REDACTED",
"ansible_product_version": "None",
"ansible_python_version": "2.7.3",
"ansible_selinux": false,
"ansible_ssh_host_key_dsa_public": "REDACTED KEY VALUE"
"ansible_ssh_host_key_ecdsa_public": "REDACTED KEY VALUE"
"ansible_ssh_host_key_rsa_public": "REDACTED KEY VALUE"
"ansible_swapfree_mb": 665,
"ansible_swaptotal_mb": 1021,
"ansible_system": "Linux",
"ansible_system_vendor": "VMware, Inc.",
"ansible_user_id": "root",
"ansible_userspace_architecture": "x86_64",
"ansible_userspace_bits": "64",
"ansible_virtualization_role": "guest",
"ansible_virtualization_type": "VMware"
于 2016-10-13T09:05:59.947 回答
4
请注意有关连接配置变量或“行为”变量的官方文档 - 未在主机变量中列出，似乎是清单文档中的行为清单参数列表。
PS 该sudo选项在那里没有记录（是的，它sudo不像ansible_sudo你所期望的那样......）而且可能还有几个不是，但这是我在 em 上找到的最好的文档。
于 2014-04-26T07:27:36.873 回答
1
我知道这个问题已经得到了回答，但我觉得 ansible_* 事实没有涵盖另外一组预定义变量。此文档页面涵盖了我在遇到此页面时正在寻找的指令（修改 Ansible 行为的变量）。
这包括一些常见的和一些特定的用例指令：
- become：控制权限提升（sudo）
- delegate_to：在另一台主机上运行任务（如在 localhost 上运行）
- 序列：允许您在进入下一组之前在特定数量/百分比的主机上运行播放
于 2017-04-25T13:48:53.067 回答
1
某些变量并非在每个主机上都可用，例如ansible_domain和domain。如果情况需要调试，我登录服务器并发出：
user@server:~$ ansible -m setup localhost | grep domain
[WARNING]: provided hosts list is empty, only localhost is available
"ansible_domain": "prd.example.com",
于 2016-09-15T09:46:32.987 回答
0
https://github.com/f500/ansible-dumpall
仅供参考：这个 github 项目向您展示了如何列出所有主机中 90% 的变量。我发现它比单个主机命令更全局有用。自述文件包括构建简单库存报告的说明。在剧本的末尾运行它以查看所有事实更有价值。要调试任务行为，请使用寄存器：
结果缺少一些项目： - 包含的 YAML 文件变量 - 额外变量 - 此处描述的许多 Ansible 内部变量：Ansible Behavioral Params
于 2016-04-10T15:52:21.820 回答