除了评论中提供的精美低级信息外,让我向您展示Spirit的方式。
当然,我将以一个不使用语义动作的演示结束。是的,它涉及更多代码,但它也将解析与评估分离。这在更复杂的情况下很有用(想想回溯的解析器)。
1.
从稍微简化您的代码开始:第 1 步
auto parser =
double_ [_val = _1] // (1)
>> *( (lit('+') >> double_[_val += _1]) // (2)
| (lit('-') >> double_[_val -= _1]) // (3)
);
2.
您当然可以对函数使用常规绑定:步骤 2
void add_operand(double& lhs, double rhs) { lhs += rhs; }
void sub_operand(double& lhs, double rhs) { lhs -= rhs; }
auto parser =
double_ [_val = _1]
>> *( (lit('+') >> double_[bind(add_operand, _val, _1)])
| (lit('-') >> double_[bind(sub_operand, _val, _1)])
);
3.
现在,使用 BOOST_PHOENIX_ADAPT_FUNCTION 让它变得更漂亮:第 3 步
BOOST_PHOENIX_ADAPT_FUNCTION(void, add_, add_operand, 2)
BOOST_PHOENIX_ADAPT_FUNCTION(void, sub_, sub_operand, 2)
double_ [_val = _1]
>> *( (lit('+') >> double_[add_(_val, _1)])
| (lit('-') >> double_[sub_(_val, _1)])
);
4.
或者您可以使用仿函数:步骤 4
struct add_operand {
template<typename...> struct result { typedef void type; };
template<typename L, typename R>
void operator()(L& lhs, R rhs) const { lhs += rhs; }
};
struct sub_operand {
template<typename...> struct result { typedef void type; };
template<typename L, typename R>
void operator()(L& lhs, R rhs) const { lhs -= rhs; }
};
auto parser =
double_ [_val = _1]
>> *( (lit('+') >> double_[bind(add_operand(), _val, _1)])
| (lit('-') >> double_[bind(sub_operand(), _val, _1)])
);
哎呀,漂亮就这么多。
5.
但是,不用担心,您也可以调整这些:步骤 5
phx::function<add_operand> add_;
phx::function<sub_operand> sub_;
auto parser =
double_ [_val = _1]
>> *( (lit('+') >> double_[add_(_val, _1)])
| (lit('-') >> double_[sub_(_val, _1)])
);
最后:去Pro
最后,您可以使用简单的 AST 完全无需任何语义操作即可完成此操作:
rule<iterator_type, term<add>() , ascii::space_type> add_term;
rule<iterator_type, term<subtract>(), ascii::space_type> sub_term;
rule<iterator_type, expression() , ascii::space_type> parser;
add_term = '+' >> double_;
sub_term = '-' >> double_;
parser = double_ >> *(add_term|sub_term);
现在我们解析成一个表达式 AST:
expression result;
ok = phrase_parse(begin, end, parser, ascii::space, result);
我们使用eval
函数打印结果:
std::cout << "parsed, result = " << eval(result) << std::endl;
它是如何工作的?你自己看:
#define BOOST_SPIRIT_USE_PHOENIX_V3
#include <boost/fusion/adapted/struct.hpp>
#include <boost/spirit/include/qi.hpp>
/////////////////
// AST
template <typename> struct term {
term(double value=0) : value(value) {}
double value;
};
using operation = boost::variant<term<struct add>, term<struct subtract> >;
struct expression
{
double initial;
std::vector<operation> operations;
};
BOOST_FUSION_ADAPT_STRUCT(expression, (double, initial)(std::vector<operation>,operations))
// End of AST
/////////////////
double eval(expression const& e)
{
double result = e.initial;
struct visitor : boost::static_visitor<> {
double& _v; visitor(double& ref) : _v(ref) {}
void operator()(term<add> const& rhs) const { _v += rhs.value; }
void operator()(term<subtract> const& rhs) const { _v -= rhs.value; }
};
for(auto& o : e.operations)
boost::apply_visitor(visitor(result), o);
return result;
}
int main()
{
const std::string INPUT_DATA = "12e-1 + 3.4 - .67";
typedef std::string::const_iterator iterator_type;
iterator_type begin = std::begin(INPUT_DATA);
iterator_type end = std::end(INPUT_DATA);
namespace qi = boost::spirit::qi;
namespace ascii = boost::spirit::qi::ascii;
bool ok;
expression result;
{
using namespace qi;
rule<iterator_type, term<add>() , ascii::space_type> add_term;
rule<iterator_type, term<subtract>(), ascii::space_type> sub_term;
rule<iterator_type, expression() , ascii::space_type> parser;
add_term = '+' >> double_;
sub_term = '-' >> double_;
parser = double_ >> *(add_term|sub_term);
ok = phrase_parse(begin, end, parser, ascii::space, result);
}
if (ok && begin == end)
std::cout << "parsed, result = " << eval(result) << std::endl;
else
std::cout << "not parsed" << std::endl;
}