标题几乎说明了一切,例如,我将如何在 C++ 中模拟 ML 样式的模式匹配;
Statement *stm;
match(typeof(stm))
{
case IfThen: ...
case IfThenElse: ...
case While: ...
...
}
其中“IfThen”、“IfThenElse”和“While”是从“Statement”继承的类
标题几乎说明了一切,例如,我将如何在 C++ 中模拟 ML 样式的模式匹配;
Statement *stm;
match(typeof(stm))
{
case IfThen: ...
case IfThenElse: ...
case While: ...
...
}
其中“IfThen”、“IfThenElse”和“While”是从“Statement”继承的类
C++ 委员会最近有一篇论文描述了一个允许这样做的库:
Stroustup、Dos Reis 和 Solodkyy 的 C++ 开放和高效类型切换
http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2012/n3449.pdf
带有源代码的页面链接:
https ://parasol.tamu.edu/~yuriys/pm/
免责声明:我没有尝试编译或使用这个库,但它似乎适合你的问题。
这是该库提供的示例之一:
#include <utility>
#include "match.hpp" // Support for Match statement
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
typedef std::pair<double,double> loc;
// An Algebraic Data Type implemented through inheritance
struct Shape
{
virtual ~Shape() {}
};
struct Circle : Shape
{
Circle(const loc& c, const double& r) : center(c), radius(r) {}
loc center;
double radius;
};
struct Square : Shape
{
Square(const loc& c, const double& s) : upper_left(c), side(s) {}
loc upper_left;
double side;
};
struct Triangle : Shape
{
Triangle(const loc& a, const loc& b, const loc& c) : first(a), second(b), third(c) {}
loc first;
loc second;
loc third;
};
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
loc point_within(const Shape* shape)
{
Match(shape)
{
Case(Circle) return matched->center;
Case(Square) return matched->upper_left;
Case(Triangle) return matched->first;
Otherwise() return loc(0,0);
}
EndMatch
}
int main()
{
point_within(new Triangle(loc(0,0),loc(1,0),loc(0,1)));
point_within(new Square(loc(1,0),1));
point_within(new Circle(loc(0,0),1));
}
这是令人惊讶的干净!
图书馆的内部看起来有点吓人。我快速浏览了一下,似乎有很多高级宏和元编程。