javascript - 从javascript中的平面数组构建树数组

Question

我有一个复杂的 json 文件，我必须用 javascript 处理它以使其分层，以便以后构建一棵树。json 的每个条目都有： id：唯一的 id，parentId：父节点的 id（如果节点是树的根，则为 0） level：树中的深度级别

json 数据已经“有序”了。我的意思是一个条目将在其自身之上有一个父节点或兄弟节点，在其自身之下有一个子节点或兄弟节点。

输入：

{
    "People": [
        {
            "id": "12",
            "parentId": "0",
            "text": "Man",
            "level": "1",
            "children": null
        },
        {
            "id": "6",
            "parentId": "12",
            "text": "Boy",
            "level": "2",
            "children": null
        },
                {
            "id": "7",
            "parentId": "12",
            "text": "Other",
            "level": "2",
            "children": null
        },
        {
            "id": "9",
            "parentId": "0",
            "text": "Woman",
            "level": "1",
            "children": null
        },
        {
            "id": "11",
            "parentId": "9",
            "text": "Girl",
            "level": "2",
            "children": null
        }
    ],
    "Animals": [
        {
            "id": "5",
            "parentId": "0",
            "text": "Dog",
            "level": "1",
            "children": null
        },
        {
            "id": "8",
            "parentId": "5",
            "text": "Puppy",
            "level": "2",
            "children": null
        },
        {
            "id": "10",
            "parentId": "13",
            "text": "Cat",
            "level": "1",
            "children": null
        },
        {
            "id": "14",
            "parentId": "13",
            "text": "Kitten",
            "level": "2",
            "children": null
        },
    ]
}

预期输出：

{
    "People": [
        {
            "id": "12",
            "parentId": "0",
            "text": "Man",
            "level": "1",
            "children": [
                {
                    "id": "6",
                    "parentId": "12",
                    "text": "Boy",
                    "level": "2",
                    "children": null
                },
                {
                    "id": "7",
                    "parentId": "12",
                    "text": "Other",
                    "level": "2",
                    "children": null
                }   
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "9",
            "parentId": "0",
            "text": "Woman",
            "level": "1",
            "children":
            {

                "id": "11",
                "parentId": "9",
                "text": "Girl",
                "level": "2",
                "children": null
            }
        }

    ],    

    "Animals": [
        {
            "id": "5",
            "parentId": "0",
            "text": "Dog",
            "level": "1",
            "children": 
                {
                    "id": "8",
                    "parentId": "5",
                    "text": "Puppy",
                    "level": "2",
                    "children": null
                }
        },
        {
            "id": "10",
            "parentId": "13",
            "text": "Cat",
            "level": "1",
            "children": 
            {
                "id": "14",
                "parentId": "13",
                "text": "Kitten",
                "level": "2",
                "children": null
            }
        }

    ]
}

score 211 · Accepted Answer

如果您使用地图查找，则有一个有效的解决方案。如果父母总是先于他们的孩子，您可以合并两个 for 循环。它支持多个根。它在悬空分支上给出错误，但可以修改为忽略它们。它不需要第 3 方库。据我所知，这是最快的解决方案。

function list_to_tree(list) {
  var map = {}, node, roots = [], i;
  
  for (i = 0; i < list.length; i += 1) {
    map[list[i].id] = i; // initialize the map
    list[i].children = []; // initialize the children
  }
  
  for (i = 0; i < list.length; i += 1) {
    node = list[i];
    if (node.parentId !== "0") {
      // if you have dangling branches check that map[node.parentId] exists
      list[map[node.parentId]].children.push(node);
    } else {
      roots.push(node);
    }
  }
  return roots;
}

var entries = [{
    "id": "12",
    "parentId": "0",
    "text": "Man",
    "level": "1",
    "children": null
  },
  {
    "id": "6",
    "parentId": "12",
    "text": "Boy",
    "level": "2",
    "children": null
  },
  {
    "id": "7",
    "parentId": "12",
    "text": "Other",
    "level": "2",
    "children": null
  },
  {
    "id": "9",
    "parentId": "0",
    "text": "Woman",
    "level": "1",
    "children": null
  },
  {
    "id": "11",
    "parentId": "9",
    "text": "Girl",
    "level": "2",
    "children": null
  }
];

console.log(list_to_tree(entries));

如果你进入复杂性理论，这个解决方案是 Θ(n log(n))。递归过滤器解决方案是 Θ(n^2)，这对于大型数据集可能是个问题。

score 101 · Accepted Answer

（奖励 1：节点可能会或可能不会被订购）

（奖励 2：不需要 3RD 方库，普通 JS）

（奖励 3：用户“Elias Rabl”说这是最高效的解决方案，请参阅下面的答案）

这里是：

const createDataTree = dataset => {
  const hashTable = Object.create(null);
  dataset.forEach(aData => hashTable[aData.ID] = {...aData, childNodes: []});
  const dataTree = [];
  dataset.forEach(aData => {
    if(aData.parentID) hashTable[aData.parentID].childNodes.push(hashTable[aData.ID])
    else dataTree.push(hashTable[aData.ID])
  });
  return dataTree;
};

这是一个测试，它可能会帮助您了解解决方案的工作原理：

it('creates a correct shape of dataTree', () => {
  const dataSet = [{
    "ID": 1,
    "Phone": "(403) 125-2552",
    "City": "Coevorden",
    "Name": "Grady"
  }, {
    "ID": 2,
    "parentID": 1,
    "Phone": "(979) 486-1932",
    "City": "Chełm",
    "Name": "Scarlet"
  }];

  const expectedDataTree = [{
    "ID": 1,
    "Phone": "(403) 125-2552",
    "City": "Coevorden",
    "Name": "Grady",
    childNodes: [{
      "ID": 2,
      "parentID": 1,
      "Phone": "(979) 486-1932",
      "City": "Chełm",
      "Name": "Scarlet",
      childNodes : []
    }]
  }];

  expect(createDataTree(dataSet)).toEqual(expectedDataTree);
});

score 78 · Accepted Answer

正如@Sander 所提到的，@Halcyon 的答案假定一个预先排序的数组，而以下则没有。（但它确实假设您已经加载了 underscore.js - 尽管它可以用 vanilla javascript 编写）：

代码

// Example usage
var arr = [
    {'id':1 ,'parentid' : 0},
    {'id':2 ,'parentid' : 1},
    {'id':3 ,'parentid' : 1},
    {'id':4 ,'parentid' : 2},
    {'id':5 ,'parentid' : 0},
    {'id':6 ,'parentid' : 0},
    {'id':7 ,'parentid' : 4}
];

unflatten = function( array, parent, tree ){
    tree = typeof tree !== 'undefined' ? tree : [];
    parent = typeof parent !== 'undefined' ? parent : { id: 0 };
        
    var children = _.filter( array, function(child){ return child.parentid == parent.id; });
    
    if( !_.isEmpty( children )  ){
        if( parent.id == 0 ){
           tree = children;   
        }else{
           parent['children'] = children
        }
        _.each( children, function( child ){ unflatten( array, child ) } );                    
    }
    
    return tree;
}

tree = unflatten( arr );
document.body.innerHTML = "<pre>" + (JSON.stringify(tree, null, " "))

<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/underscore.js/1.9.1/underscore-min.js"></script>

要求

它假定属性“id”和“parentid”分别表示 ID 和父 ID。必须有父 ID 为 0 的元素，否则返回一个空数组。孤立元素及其后代“丢失”

http://jsfiddle.net/LkkwH/1/

score 59 · Accepted Answer

使用这种 ES6 方法。像魅力一样工作

// Data Set
// One top level comment 
const comments = [{
    id: 1,
    parent_id: null
}, {
    id: 2,
    parent_id: 1
}, {
    id: 3,
    parent_id: 1
}, {
    id: 4,
    parent_id: 2
}, {
    id: 5,
    parent_id: 4
}];

const nest = (items, id = null, link = 'parent_id') =>
  items
    .filter(item => item[link] === id)
    .map(item => ({ ...item, children: nest(items, item.id) }));

console.log(
  nest(comments)
)

score 38 · Accepted Answer

有同样的问题，但我无法确定数据是否已排序。我不能使用 3rd 方库，所以这只是 vanilla Js；输入数据可以取自@Stephen 的例子；

 var arr = [
        {'id':1 ,'parentid' : 0},
        {'id':4 ,'parentid' : 2},
        {'id':3 ,'parentid' : 1},
        {'id':5 ,'parentid' : 0},
        {'id':6 ,'parentid' : 0},
        {'id':2 ,'parentid' : 1},
        {'id':7 ,'parentid' : 4},
        {'id':8 ,'parentid' : 1}
      ];
    function unflatten(arr) {
      var tree = [],
          mappedArr = {},
          arrElem,
          mappedElem;

      // First map the nodes of the array to an object -> create a hash table.
      for(var i = 0, len = arr.length; i < len; i++) {
        arrElem = arr[i];
        mappedArr[arrElem.id] = arrElem;
        mappedArr[arrElem.id]['children'] = [];
      }


      for (var id in mappedArr) {
        if (mappedArr.hasOwnProperty(id)) {
          mappedElem = mappedArr[id];
          // If the element is not at the root level, add it to its parent array of children.
          if (mappedElem.parentid) {
            mappedArr[mappedElem['parentid']]['children'].push(mappedElem);
          }
          // If the element is at the root level, add it to first level elements array.
          else {
            tree.push(mappedElem);
          }
        }
      }
      return tree;
    }

var tree = unflatten(arr);
document.body.innerHTML = "<pre>" + (JSON.stringify(tree, null, " "))

JS小提琴

平面数组到树

score 18 · Accepted Answer

一个更简单的函数list-to-tree-lite

npm install list-to-tree-lite

listToTree(list)

资源：

function listToTree(data, options) {
    options = options || {};
    var ID_KEY = options.idKey || 'id';
    var PARENT_KEY = options.parentKey || 'parent';
    var CHILDREN_KEY = options.childrenKey || 'children';

    var tree = [],
        childrenOf = {};
    var item, id, parentId;

    for (var i = 0, length = data.length; i < length; i++) {
        item = data[i];
        id = item[ID_KEY];
        parentId = item[PARENT_KEY] || 0;
        // every item may have children
        childrenOf[id] = childrenOf[id] || [];
        // init its children
        item[CHILDREN_KEY] = childrenOf[id];
        if (parentId != 0) {
            // init its parent's children object
            childrenOf[parentId] = childrenOf[parentId] || [];
            // push it into its parent's children object
            childrenOf[parentId].push(item);
        } else {
            tree.push(item);
        }
    };

    return tree;
}

jsfiddle

score 14 · Accepted Answer

您只需两行编码即可处理此问题：

_(flatArray).forEach(f=>
           {f.nodes=_(flatArray).filter(g=>g.parentId==f.id).value();});

var resultArray=_(flatArray).filter(f=>f.parentId==null).value();

在线测试（查看创建树的浏览器控制台）

要求：

1- 安装 lodash 4（一个 Javascript 库，用于使用高性能方法操作对象和集合 => 就像 c# 中的 Linq）Lodash

2- 如下所示的 flatArray：

    var flatArray=
    [{
      id:1,parentId:null,text:"parent1",nodes:[]
    }
   ,{
      id:2,parentId:null,text:"parent2",nodes:[]
    }
    ,
    {
      id:3,parentId:1,text:"childId3Parent1",nodes:[]
    }
    ,
    {
      id:4,parentId:1,text:"childId4Parent1",nodes:[]
    }
    ,
    {
      id:5,parentId:2,text:"childId5Parent2",nodes:[]
    }
    ,
    {
      id:6,parentId:2,text:"childId6Parent2",nodes:[]
    }
    ,
    {
      id:7,parentId:3,text:"childId7Parent3",nodes:[]
    }
    ,
    {
      id:8,parentId:5,text:"childId8Parent5",nodes:[]
    }];

感谢巴赫沙巴迪先生

祝你好运

score 7 · Accepted Answer

包列表到树安装可能很有用：

bower install list-to-tree --save

或者

npm install list-to-tree --save

例如，有列表：

var list = [
  {
    id: 1,
    parent: 0
  }, {
    id: 2,
    parent: 1
  }, {
    id: 3,
    parent: 1
  }, {
    id: 4,
    parent: 2
  }, {
    id: 5,
    parent: 2
  }, {
    id: 6,
    parent: 0
  }, {
    id: 7,
    parent: 0
  }, {
    id: 8,
    parent: 7
  }, {
    id: 9,
    parent: 8
  }, {
    id: 10,
    parent: 0
  }
];

使用包列表到树：

var ltt = new LTT(list, {
  key_id: 'id',
  key_parent: 'parent'
});
var tree = ltt.GetTree();

结果：

[{
  "id": 1,
  "parent": 0,
  "child": [
    {
      "id": 2,
      "parent": 1,
      "child": [
        {
          "id": 4,
          "parent": 2
        }, {
          "id": 5, "parent": 2
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": 3,
      "parent": 1
    }
  ]
}, {
  "id": 6,
  "parent": 0
}, {
  "id": 7,
  "parent": 0,
  "child": [
    {
      "id": 8,
      "parent": 7,
      "child": [
        {
          "id": 9,
          "parent": 8
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
}, {
  "id": 10,
  "parent": 0
}];

score 6 · Accepted Answer

我编写了一个测试脚本来评估用户 shekhardtu 提出的两种最通用解决方案的性能（这意味着不必预先对输入进行排序，并且代码不依赖于第三方库）（见答案）和 FurkanO（见答案）。

http://playcode.io/316025?tabs=console&script.js&output

FurkanO 的解决方案似乎是最快的。

/*
** performance test for https://stackoverflow.com/questions/18017869/build-tree-array-from-flat-array-in-javascript
*/

// Data Set (e.g. nested comments)
var comments = [{
    id: 1,
    parent_id: null
}, {
    id: 2,
    parent_id: 1
}, {
    id: 3,
    parent_id: 4
}, {
    id: 4,
    parent_id: null
}, {
    id: 5,
    parent_id: 4
}];

// add some random entries
let maxParentId = 10000;
for (let i=6; i<=maxParentId; i++)
{
  let randVal = Math.floor((Math.random() * maxParentId) + 1);
  comments.push({
    id: i,
    parent_id: (randVal % 200 === 0 ? null : randVal)
  });
}

// solution from user "shekhardtu" (https://stackoverflow.com/a/55241491/5135171)
const nest = (items, id = null, link = 'parent_id') =>
  items
    .filter(item => item[link] === id)
    .map(item => ({ ...item, children: nest(items, item.id) }));
;

// solution from user "FurkanO" (https://stackoverflow.com/a/40732240/5135171)
const createDataTree = dataset => {
    let hashTable = Object.create(null)
    dataset.forEach( aData => hashTable[aData.id] = { ...aData, children : [] } )
    let dataTree = []
    dataset.forEach( aData => {
      if( aData.parent_id ) hashTable[aData.parent_id].children.push(hashTable[aData.id])
      else dataTree.push(hashTable[aData.id])
    } )
    return dataTree
};


/*
** lets evaluate the timing for both methods
*/
let t0 = performance.now();
let createDataTreeResult = createDataTree(comments);
let t1 = performance.now();
console.log("Call to createDataTree took " + Math.floor(t1 - t0) + " milliseconds.");

t0 = performance.now();
let nestResult = nest(comments);
t1 = performance.now();
console.log("Call to nest took " + Math.floor(t1 - t0) + " milliseconds.");




//console.log(nestResult);
//console.log(createDataTreeResult);

// bad, but simple way of comparing object equality
console.log(JSON.stringify(nestResult)===JSON.stringify(createDataTreeResult));

score 4 · Accepted Answer

2022 年更新

这是针对未订购商品的提案。此函数适用于单个循环和哈希表，并使用它们的id. 如果找到根节点，则将该对象添加到结果数组中。

const
    getTree = (data, root) => {
        const t = {};
        data.forEach(o => ((t[o.parentId] ??= {}).children ??= []).push(Object.assign(t[o.id] ??= {}, o)));
        return t[root].children;
    },
    data = { People: [{ id: "12", parentId: "0", text: "Man", level: "1", children: null }, { id: "6", parentId: "12", text: "Boy", level: "2", children: null }, { id: "7", parentId: "12", text: "Other", level: "2", children: null }, { id: "9", parentId: "0", text: "Woman", level: "1", children: null }, { id: "11", parentId: "9", text: "Girl", level: "2", children: null }], Animals: [{ id: "5", parentId: "0", text: "Dog", level: "1", children: null }, { id: "8", parentId: "5", text: "Puppy", level: "2", children: null }, { id: "10", parentId: "13", text: "Cat", level: "1", children: null }, { id: "14", parentId: "13", text: "Kitten", level: "2", children: null }] },
    result = Object.fromEntries(Object
        .entries(data)
        .map(([k, v]) => [k, getTree(v, '0')])
    );

console.log(result);

.as-console-wrapper { max-height: 100% !important; top: 0; }

score 3 · Accepted Answer

经过多次尝试，我想出了这个：

const arrayToTree = (arr, parent = 0) => arr .filter(item => item.parent === parent).map(child => ({ ...child, children: arrayToTree(arr, child.index) }));

const entries = [
  {
    index: 1,
    parent: 0
  },
  {
    index: 2,
    parent: 1
  },
  {
    index: 3,
    parent: 2
  },
  {
    index: 4,
    parent: 2
  },
  {
    index: 5,
    parent: 4
  },
  {
    index: 6,
    parent: 5
  },
  {
    index: 7,
    parent: 6
  },
  {
    index: 8,
    parent: 7
  },
  {
    index: 9,
    parent: 8
  },
  {
    index: 10,
    parent: 9
  },
  {
    index: 11,
    parent: 7
  },
  {
    index: 13,
    parent: 11
  },
  {
    index: 12,
    parent: 0
  }
];

const arrayToTree = (arr, parent = 0) => arr .filter(item => item.parent === parent) .map(child => ({ ...child, children: arrayToTree(arr, child.index) })); console.log(arrayToTree(entries));

score 2 · Accepted Answer

我喜欢@WilliamLeung 的纯 JavaScript 解决方案，但有时您需要更改现有数组以保留对对象的引用。

function listToTree(data, options) {
  options = options || {};
  var ID_KEY = options.idKey || 'id';
  var PARENT_KEY = options.parentKey || 'parent';
  var CHILDREN_KEY = options.childrenKey || 'children';

  var item, id, parentId;
  var map = {};
    for(var i = 0; i < data.length; i++ ) { // make cache
    if(data[i][ID_KEY]){
      map[data[i][ID_KEY]] = data[i];
      data[i][CHILDREN_KEY] = [];
    }
  }
  for (var i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
    if(data[i][PARENT_KEY]) { // is a child
      if(map[data[i][PARENT_KEY]]) // for dirty data
      {
        map[data[i][PARENT_KEY]][CHILDREN_KEY].push(data[i]); // add child to parent
        data.splice( i, 1 ); // remove from root
        i--; // iterator correction
      } else {
        data[i][PARENT_KEY] = 0; // clean dirty data
      }
    }
  };
  return data;
}

示例： https ://jsfiddle.net/kqw1qsf0/17/

score 1 · Accepted Answer

万一任何人都需要它以供多个父母使用。请参阅有多个父母的 id 2

  const dataSet = [{
        "ID": 1,    
        "Phone": "(403) 125-2552",
        "City": "Coevorden",
        "Name": "Grady"
      }, 
        {"ID": 2,
        "Phone": "(403) 125-2552",
        "City": "Coevorden",
        "Name": "Grady"
      },
      {
        "ID": 3,
        "parentID": [1,2],
        "Phone": "(979) 486-1932",
        "City": "Chełm",
        "Name": "Scarlet"
      }];




      const expectedDataTree = [
       {
          "ID":1,
          "Phone":"(403) 125-2552",
          "City":"Coevorden",
          "Name":"Grady",
          "childNodes":[{
                "ID":2,
                "parentID":[1,3],
                "Phone":"(979) 486-1932",
                "City":"Chełm",
                "Name":"Scarlet",
                "childNodes":[]
             }]
       },
       {
          "ID":3,
          "parentID":[],
          "Phone":"(403) 125-2552",
          "City":"Coevorden",
          "Name":"Grady",
          "childNodes":[
             {
                "ID":2,
                "parentID":[1,3],
                "Phone":"(979) 486-1932",
                "City":"Chełm",
                "Name":"Scarlet",
                "childNodes":[]
             }
          ]
       }
    ];
      
      
      const createDataTree = dataset => {
      const hashTable = Object.create(null);
      dataset.forEach(aData => hashTable[aData.ID] = {...aData, childNodes: []});
      const dataTree = [];
      dataset.forEach(Datae => {  
        if (Datae.parentID  && Datae.parentID.length > 0) {    
          Datae.parentID.forEach( aData => {    
            hashTable[aData].childNodes.push(hashTable[Datae.ID])
        });
        }
        else{
        dataTree.push(hashTable[Datae.ID])
        }
        
      });
      return dataTree;
    };   
    
    window.alert(JSON.stringify(createDataTree(dataSet)));

score 1 · Accepted Answer

将节点数组转换为树

将节点数组（由父 ID相关）转换为树结构的ES6 函数：

/**
 * Convert nodes list related by parent ID - to tree.
 * @syntax getTree(nodesArray [, rootID [, propertyName]])
 *
 * @param {Array} arr   Array of nodes
 * @param {integer} id  Defaults to 0
 * @param {string} p    Property name. Defaults to "parent_id"
 * @returns {Object}    Nodes tree
 */

const getTree = (arr, p = "parent_id") => arr.reduce((o, n) => {

  if (!o[n.id]) o[n.id] = {};
  if (!o[n[p]]) o[n[p]] = {};
  if (!o[n[p]].nodes) o[n[p]].nodes= [];
  if (o[n.id].nodes) n.nodes= o[n.id].nodes;

  o[n[p]].nodes.push(n);
  o[n.id] = n;

  return o;
}, {});

从节点树生成 HTML 列表

有了我们的树，这里有一个递归函数来构建 UL > LI 元素：

/**
 * Convert Tree structure to UL>LI and append to Element
 * @syntax getTree(treeArray [, TargetElement [, onLICreatedCallback ]])
 *
 * @param {Array} tree Tree array of nodes
 * @param {Element} el HTMLElement to insert into
 * @param {function} cb Callback function called on every LI creation
 */

const treeToHTML = (tree, el, cb) => el.append(tree.reduce((ul, n) => {
  const li = document.createElement('li');

  if (cb) cb.call(li, n);
  if (n.nodes?.length) treeToHTML(n.nodes, li, cb);

  ul.append(li);
  return ul;
}, document.createElement('ul')));

演示时间

这是一个具有节点线性数组并使用上述两个函数的示例：

const getTree = (arr, p = "parent_id") => arr.reduce((o, n) => {
  if (!o[n.id]) o[n.id] = {};
  if (!o[n[p]]) o[n[p]] = {};
  if (!o[n[p]].nodes) o[n[p]].nodes = [];
  if (o[n.id].nodes) n.nodes = o[n.id].nodes;
  o[n[p]].nodes.push(n);
  o[n.id] = n;
  return o;
}, {});


const treeToHTML = (tree, el, cb) => el.append(tree.reduce((ul, n) => {
  const li = document.createElement('li');
  if (cb) cb.call(li, n);
  if (n.nodes?.length) treeToHTML(n.nodes, li, cb);
  ul.append(li);
  return ul;
}, document.createElement('ul')));


// DEMO TIME:

const nodesList = [
  {id: 10,  parent_id: 4,  text: "Item 10"}, // PS: Order does not matters
  {id: 1,   parent_id: 0,  text: "Item 1"},  
  {id: 4,   parent_id: 0,  text: "Item 4"},
  {id: 3,   parent_id: 5,  text: "Item 3"},
  {id: 5,   parent_id: 4,  text: "Item 5"},
  {id: 2,   parent_id: 1,  text: "Item 2"},
];
const myTree = getTree(nodesList)[0].nodes; // Get nodes of Root (0)

treeToHTML(myTree, document.querySelector("#tree"), function(node) {
  this.textContent = `(${node.parent_id} ${node.id}) ${node.text}`;
  this._node = node;
  this.addEventListener('click', clickHandler);
});

function clickHandler(ev) {
  if (ev.target !== this) return;
  console.clear();
  console.log(this._node.id);
};

<div id="tree"></div>

score 1 · Accepted Answer

几天前我遇到了类似的问题，当时我必须从平面数组中显示文件夹树。我在这里没有在 TypeScript 中看到任何解决方案，所以我希望它会有所帮助。

在我的情况下，主要父母只有一个，也不必对 rawData 数组进行排序。基于准备临时对象的解决方案，例如 {parentId: [child1, child2, ...] }

示例原始数据

const flatData: any[] = Folder.ofCollection([
  {id: '1', title: 'some title' },
  {id: '2', title: 'some title', parentId: 1 },
  {id: '3', title: 'some title', parentId: 7 },
  {id: '4', title: 'some title', parentId: 1 },
  {id: '5', title: 'some title', parentId: 2 },
  {id: '6', title: 'some title', parentId: 5 },
  {id: '7', title: 'some title', parentId: 5 },

]);

文件夹的定义

export default class Folder {
    public static of(data: any): Folder {
        return new Folder(data);
    }

    public static ofCollection(objects: any[] = []): Folder[] {
        return objects.map((obj) => new Folder(obj));
    }

    public id: string;
    public parentId: string | null;
    public title: string;
    public children: Folder[];

    constructor(data: any = {}) {
        this.id = data.id;
        this.parentId = data.parentId || null;
        this.title = data.title;
        this.children = data.children || [];
    }
}

解决方案：为平面参数返回树结构的函数

    public getTree(flatData: any[]): Folder[] {
        const addChildren = (item: Folder) => {
            item.children = tempChild[item.id] || [];
            if (item.children.length) {
                item.children.forEach((child: Folder) => {
                    addChildren(child);
                });
            }
        };

        const tempChild: any = {};
        flatData.forEach((item: Folder) => {
            const parentId = item.parentId || 0;
            Array.isArray(tempChild[parentId]) ? tempChild[parentId].push(item) : (tempChild[parentId] = [item]);
        });

        const tree: Folder[] = tempChild[0];
        tree.forEach((base: Folder) => {
            addChildren(base);
        });
        return tree;
    }

score 1 · Accepted Answer

我根据@Halcyon 的回答写了一个 ES6 版本

const array = [
  {
    id: '12',
    parentId: '0',
    text: 'one-1'
  },
  {
    id: '6',
    parentId: '12',
    text: 'one-1-6'
  },
  {
    id: '7',
    parentId: '12',
    text: 'one-1-7'
  },

  {
    id: '9',
    parentId: '0',
    text: 'one-2'
  },
  {
    id: '11',
    parentId: '9',
    text: 'one-2-11'
  }
];

// Prevent changes to the original data
const arrayCopy = array.map(item => ({ ...item }));

const listToTree = list => {
  const map = {};
  const roots = [];

  list.forEach((v, i) => {
    map[v.id] = i;
    list[i].children = [];
  });

  list.forEach(v => (v.parentId !== '0' ? list[map[v.parentId]].children.push(v) : roots.push(v)));

  return roots;
};

console.log(listToTree(arrayCopy));

该算法的原理是利用“map”建立索引关系。很容易通过“parentId”在列表中找到“item”，并为每个“item”添加“children”，因为“list”是引用关系，所以“roots”会与整棵树建立关系。

score 1 · Accepted Answer

var data = [{"country":"india","gender":"male","type":"lower","class":"X"},
			{"country":"china","gender":"female","type":"upper"},
			{"country":"india","gender":"female","type":"lower"},
			{"country":"india","gender":"female","type":"upper"}];
var seq = ["country","type","gender","class"];
var treeData = createHieArr(data,seq);
console.log(treeData)
function createHieArr(data,seq){
	var hieObj = createHieobj(data,seq,0),
		hieArr = convertToHieArr(hieObj,"Top Level");
		return [{"name": "Top Level", "parent": "null",
				     "children" : hieArr}]
	function convertToHieArr(eachObj,parent){
		var arr = [];
		for(var i in eachObj){
			arr.push({"name":i,"parent":parent,"children":convertToHieArr(eachObj[i],i)})
		}
		return arr;
	}
	function createHieobj(data,seq,ind){
		var s = seq[ind];
		if(s == undefined){
			return [];
		}
		var childObj = {};
		for(var ele of data){
			if(ele[s] != undefined){
				if(childObj[ele[s]] == undefined){
					childObj[ele[s]] = [];
				}
				childObj[ele[s]].push(ele);
			}
		}
		ind = ind+1;
		for(var ch in childObj){
			childObj[ch] = createHieobj(childObj[ch],seq,ind)
		}
		return childObj;
	}
}

score 1 · Accepted Answer

这是我在反应项目中使用的

// ListToTree.js
import _filter from 'lodash/filter';
import _map from 'lodash/map';

export default (arr, parentIdKey) => _map(_filter(arr, ar => !ar[parentIdKey]), ar => ({
  ...ar,
  children: _filter(arr, { [parentIdKey]: ar.id }),
}));

用法：

// somewhere.js
import ListToTree from '../Transforms/ListToTree';

const arr = [
   {
      "id":"Bci6XhCLZKPXZMUztm1R",
      "name":"Sith"
   },
   {
      "id":"C3D71CMmASiR6FfDPlEy",
      "name":"Luke",
      "parentCategoryId":"ltatOlEkHdVPf49ACCMc"
   },
   {
      "id":"aS8Ag1BQqxkO6iWBFnsf",
      "name":"Obi Wan",
      "parentCategoryId":"ltatOlEkHdVPf49ACCMc"
   },
   {
      "id":"ltatOlEkHdVPf49ACCMc",
      "name":"Jedi"
   },
   {
      "id":"pw3CNdNhnbuxhPar6nOP",
      "name":"Palpatine",
      "parentCategoryId":"Bci6XhCLZKPXZMUztm1R"
   }
];
const response = ListToTree(arr, 'parentCategoryId');

输出：

[
   {
      "id":"Bci6XhCLZKPXZMUztm1R",
      "name":"Sith",
      "children":[
         {
            "id":"pw3CNdNhnbuxhPar6nOP",
            "name":"Palpatine",
            "parentCategoryId":"Bci6XhCLZKPXZMUztm1R"
         }
      ]
   },
   {
      "id":"ltatOlEkHdVPf49ACCMc",
      "name":"Jedi",
      "children":[
         {
            "id":"C3D71CMmASiR6FfDPlEy",
            "name":"Luke",
            "parentCategoryId":"ltatOlEkHdVPf49ACCMc"
         },
         {
            "id":"aS8Ag1BQqxkO6iWBFnsf",
            "name":"Obi Wan",
            "parentCategoryId":"ltatOlEkHdVPf49ACCMc"
         }
      ]
   }
]```

score 1 · Accepted Answer

基于@FurkanO 的回答，我创建了另一个不会改变原始数据的版本（如@Dac0d3r 要求的）。我真的很喜欢@shekhardtu 的回答，但意识到它必须多次过滤数据。我认为一个解决方案可能是通过首先复制数据来使用 FurkanO 的答案。我在jsperf中尝试了我的版本，但不幸的是（非常）惨淡的结果......似乎接受的答案真的是一个很好的答案！不过，我的版本非常可配置且故障安全，所以无论如何我都会与你们分享；这是我的贡献：

function unflat(data, options = {}) {
    const { id, parentId, childrenKey } = {
        id: "id",
        parentId: "parentId",
        childrenKey: "children",
        ...options
    };
    const copiesById = data.reduce(
        (copies, datum) => ((copies[datum[id]] = datum) && copies),
        {}
    );
    return Object.values(copiesById).reduce(
        (root, datum) => {
            if ( datum[parentId] && copiesById[datum[parentId]] ) {
                copiesById[datum[parentId]][childrenKey] = [ ...copiesById[datum[parentId]][childrenKey], datum ];
            } else {
                root = [ ...root, datum ];
            }
            return root
        }, []
    );
}

const data = [
    {
        "account": "10",
        "name": "Konto 10",
        "parentAccount": null
    },{
        "account": "1010",
        "name": "Konto 1010",
        "parentAccount": "10"
    },{
        "account": "10101",
        "name": "Konto 10101",
        "parentAccount": "1010"
    },{
        "account": "10102",
        "name": "Konto 10102",
        "parentAccount": "1010"
    },{
        "account": "10103",
        "name": "Konto 10103",
        "parentAccount": "1010"
    },{
        "account": "20",
        "name": "Konto 20",
        "parentAccount": null
    },{
        "account": "2020",
        "name": "Konto 2020",
        "parentAccount": "20"
    },{
        "account": "20201",
        "name": "Konto 20201",
        "parentAccount": "2020"
    },{
        "account": "20202",
        "name": "Konto 20202",
        "parentAccount": "2020"
    }
];

const options = {
    id: "account",
    parentId: "parentAccount",
    childrenKey: "children"
};

console.log(
    "Hierarchical tree",
    unflat(data, options)
);

使用 options 参数，可以配置用作 id 或 parent id 的属性。如果有人想要"childNodes": []什么，也可以配置 children 属性的名称。

OP 可以简单地使用默认选项：

input.People = unflat(input.People);

如果父 id 是假的（null或undefined其他假值）或父对象不存在，我们认为该对象是根节点。

score 0 · Accepted Answer

您可以在此处使用来自 Github或NPM的“treeify”包。

安装：

$ npm install --save-dev treeify-js

score 0 · Accepted Answer

您可以使用 npm 包 array-to-tree https://github.com/alferov/array-to-tree。它将一个普通的节点数组（带有指向父节点的指针）转换为嵌套数据结构。

解决了从数据库中检索的数据集转换为嵌套数据结构（即导航树）的问题。

用法：

var arrayToTree = require('array-to-tree');

var dataOne = [
  {
    id: 1,
    name: 'Portfolio',
    parent_id: undefined
  },
  {
    id: 2,
    name: 'Web Development',
    parent_id: 1
  },
  {
    id: 3,
    name: 'Recent Works',
    parent_id: 2
  },
  {
    id: 4,
    name: 'About Me',
    parent_id: undefined
  }
];

arrayToTree(dataOne);

/*
 * Output:
 *
 * Portfolio
 *   Web Development
 *     Recent Works
 * About Me
 */

score 0 · Accepted Answer

回答一个类似的问题：

https://stackoverflow.com/a/61575152/7388356

更新

您可以使用MapES6 中引入的对象。基本上，不是通过再次遍历数组来查找父项，而是通过父项的 id 从数组中获取父项，就像通过索引获取数组中的项一样。

这是一个简单的例子：

const people = [
  {
    id: "12",
    parentId: "0",
    text: "Man",
    level: "1",
    children: null
  },
  {
    id: "6",
    parentId: "12",
    text: "Boy",
    level: "2",
    children: null
  },
  {
    id: "7",
    parentId: "12",
    text: "Other",
    level: "2",
    children: null
  },
  {
    id: "9",
    parentId: "0",
    text: "Woman",
    level: "1",
    children: null
  },
  {
    id: "11",
    parentId: "9",
    text: "Girl",
    level: "2",
    children: null
  }
];

function toTree(arr) {
  let arrMap = new Map(arr.map(item => [item.id, item]));
  let tree = [];

  for (let i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
    let item = arr[i];

    if (item.parentId !== "0") {
      let parentItem = arrMap.get(item.parentId);

      if (parentItem) {
        let { children } = parentItem;

        if (children) {
          parentItem.children.push(item);
        } else {
          parentItem.children = [item];
        }
      }
    } else {
      tree.push(item);
    }
  }

  return tree;
}

let tree = toTree(people);

console.log(tree);

score 0 · Accepted Answer

这是 Steven Harris 的修改版本，它是纯 ES5 并返回一个以 id 为键的对象，而不是在顶层和子级返回一个节点数组。

unflattenToObject = function(array, parent) {
  var tree = {};
  parent = typeof parent !== 'undefined' ? parent : {id: 0};

  var childrenArray = array.filter(function(child) {
    return child.parentid == parent.id;
  });

  if (childrenArray.length > 0) {
    var childrenObject = {};
    // Transform children into a hash/object keyed on token
    childrenArray.forEach(function(child) {
      childrenObject[child.id] = child;
    });
    if (parent.id == 0) {
      tree = childrenObject;
    } else {
      parent['children'] = childrenObject;
    }
    childrenArray.forEach(function(child) {
      unflattenToObject(array, child);
    })
  }

  return tree;
};

var arr = [
    {'id':1 ,'parentid': 0},
    {'id':2 ,'parentid': 1},
    {'id':3 ,'parentid': 1},
    {'id':4 ,'parentid': 2},
    {'id':5 ,'parentid': 0},
    {'id':6 ,'parentid': 0},
    {'id':7 ,'parentid': 4}
];
tree = unflattenToObject(arr);

score 0 · Accepted Answer

数组元素可以是混乱的顺序

let array = [
  { id: 1, data: 'something', parent_id: null, children: [] },
  { id: 2, data: 'something', parent_id: 1, children: [] },
  { id: 5, data: 'something', parent_id: 4, children: [] },
  { id: 4, data: 'something', parent_id: 3, children: [] },
  { id: 3, data: 'something', parent_id: null, children: [] },
  { id: 6, data: 'something', parent_id: null, children: [] }
]

function buildTree(array) {
  let tree = []
  for (let i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
    if (array[i].parent_id) {
      let parent = array.filter(elem => elem.id === array[i].parent_id).pop()
      parent.children.push(array[i])
    } else {
      tree.push(array[i])
    }
  }
  return tree
}

const tree = buildTree(array)
console.log(tree);

.as-console-wrapper { min-height: 100% }

score 0 · Accepted Answer

这是上面的修改版本，适用于多个根项目，我将 GUID 用于我的 id 和 parentId，因此在创建它们的 UI 中，我将根项目硬编码为 0000000-00000-00000-TREE-ROOT-ITEM

var tree = unflatten(records, "TREE-ROOT-ITEM");

function unflatten(records, rootCategoryId, parent, tree){
    if(!_.isArray(tree)){
        tree = [];
        _.each(records, function(rec){
            if(rec.parentId.indexOf(rootCategoryId)>=0){        // change this line to compare a root id
            //if(rec.parentId == 0 || rec.parentId == null){    // example for 0 or null
                var tmp = angular.copy(rec);
                tmp.children = _.filter(records, function(r){
                    return r.parentId == tmp.id;
                });
                tree.push(tmp);
                //console.log(tree);
                _.each(tmp.children, function(child){
                    return unflatten(records, rootCategoryId, child, tree);
                });
            }
        });
    }
    else{
        if(parent){
            parent.children = _.filter(records, function(r){
                return r.parentId == parent.id;
            });
            _.each(parent.children, function(child){
                return unflatten(records, rootCategoryId, child, tree);
            });
        }
    }
    return tree;
}

score 0 · Accepted Answer

我的打字稿解决方案，也许它可以帮助你：

type ITreeItem<T> = T & {
    children: ITreeItem<T>[],
};

type IItemKey = string | number;

function createTree<T>(
    flatList: T[],
    idKey: IItemKey,
    parentKey: IItemKey,
): ITreeItem<T>[] {
    const tree: ITreeItem<T>[] = [];

    // hash table.
    const mappedArr = {};
    flatList.forEach(el => {
        const elId: IItemKey = el[idKey];

        mappedArr[elId] = el;
        mappedArr[elId].children = [];
    });

    // also you can use Object.values(mappedArr).forEach(...
    // but if you have element which was nested more than one time
    // you should iterate flatList again:
    flatList.forEach((elem: ITreeItem<T>) => {
        const mappedElem = mappedArr[elem[idKey]];

        if (elem[parentKey]) {
            mappedArr[elem[parentKey]].children.push(elem);
        } else {
            tree.push(mappedElem);
        }
    });

    return tree;
}

使用示例：

createTree(yourListData, 'id', 'parentId');

score 0 · Accepted Answer

这是我根据上述答案创建的一个简单的辅助函数，针对 Babel 环境量身定制：

import { isEmpty } from 'lodash'

export default function unflattenEntities(entities, parent = {id: null}, tree = []) {

  let children = entities.filter( entity => entity.parent_id == parent.id)

  if (!isEmpty( children )) {
    if ( parent.id == null ) {
      tree = children
    } else {
      parent['children'] = children
    }
    children.map( child => unflattenEntities( entities, child ) )
  }

  return tree

}

score 0 · Accepted Answer

也可以使用 lodashjs(v4.x)

function buildTree(arr){
  var a=_.keyBy(arr, 'id')
  return _
   .chain(arr)
   .groupBy('parentId')
   .forEach(function(v,k){ 
     k!='0' && (a[k].children=(a[k].children||[]).concat(v));
   })
   .result('0')
   .value();
}

score 0 · Accepted Answer

ES6 地图版本：

getTreeData = (items) => {
  if (items && items.length > 0) {
    const data = [];
    const map = {};
    items.map((item) => {
      const id = item.id; // custom id selector !!!
      if (!map.hasOwnProperty(id)) {
        // in case of duplicates
        map[id] = {
          ...item,
          children: [],
        };
      }
    });
    for (const id in map) {
      if (map.hasOwnProperty(id)) {
        let mappedElem = [];
        mappedElem = map[id];
        /// parentId : use custom id selector for parent
        if (
          mappedElem.parentId &&
          typeof map[mappedElem.parentId] !== "undefined"
        ) {
          map[mappedElem.parentId].children.push(mappedElem);
        } else {
          data.push(mappedElem);
        }
      }
    }
    return data;
  }
  return [];
};

/// use like this :

const treeData = getTreeData(flatList);

score 0 · Accepted Answer

我的解决方案：

允许双向映射（根到叶和叶到根）
返回所有节点、根和叶
一次数据传递和非常快的性能
香草 Javascript

/**
 * 
 * @param data items array
 * @param idKey item's id key (e.g., item.id)
 * @param parentIdKey item's key that points to parent (e.g., item.parentId)
 * @param noParentValue item's parent value when root (e.g., item.parentId === noParentValue => item is root)
 * @param bidirectional should parent reference be added
 */
function flatToTree(data, idKey, parentIdKey, noParentValue = null, bidirectional = true) {
  const nodes = {}, roots = {}, leaves = {};

  // iterate over all data items
  for (const i of data) {

    // add item as a node and possibly as a leaf
    if (nodes[i[idKey]]) { // already seen this item when child was found first
      // add all of the item's data and found children
      nodes[i[idKey]] = Object.assign(nodes[i[idKey]], i);
    } else { // never seen this item
      // add to the nodes map
      nodes[i[idKey]] = Object.assign({ $children: []}, i);
      // assume it's a leaf for now
      leaves[i[idKey]] = nodes[i[idKey]];
    }

    // put the item as a child in parent item and possibly as a root
    if (i[parentIdKey] !== noParentValue) { // item has a parent
      if (nodes[i[parentIdKey]]) { // parent already exist as a node
        // add as a child
        (nodes[i[parentIdKey]].$children || []).push( nodes[i[idKey]] );
      } else { // parent wasn't seen yet
        // add a "dummy" parent to the nodes map and put the item as its child
        nodes[i[parentIdKey]] = { $children: [ nodes[i[idKey]] ] };
      }
      if (bidirectional) {
        // link to the parent
        nodes[i[idKey]].$parent = nodes[i[parentIdKey]];
      }
      // item is definitely not a leaf
      delete leaves[i[parentIdKey]];
    } else { // this is a root item
      roots[i[idKey]] = nodes[i[idKey]];
    }
  }
  return {roots, nodes, leaves};
}

使用示例：

const data = [{id: 2, parentId: 0}, {id: 1, parentId: 2} /*, ... */];
const { nodes, roots, leaves } = flatToTree(data, 'id', 'parentId', 0);

score 0 · Accepted Answer

复制自网上 http://jsfiddle.net/stywell/k9x2a3g6/

    function list2tree(data, opt) {
        opt = opt || {};
        var KEY_ID = opt.key_id || 'ID';
        var KEY_PARENT = opt.key_parent || 'FatherID';
        var KEY_CHILD = opt.key_child || 'children';
        var EMPTY_CHILDREN = opt.empty_children;
        var ROOT_ID = opt.root_id || 0;
        var MAP = opt.map || {};
        function getNode(id) {
            var node = []
            for (var i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
                if (data[i][KEY_PARENT] == id) {
                    for (var k in MAP) {
                        data[i][k] = data[i][MAP[k]];
                    }
                    if (getNode(data[i][KEY_ID]) !== undefined) {
                        data[i][KEY_CHILD] = getNode(data[i][KEY_ID]);
                    } else {
                        if (EMPTY_CHILDREN === null) {
                            data[i][KEY_CHILD] = null;
                        } else if (JSON.stringify(EMPTY_CHILDREN) === '[]') {
                            data[i][KEY_CHILD] = [];
                        }
                    }
                    node.push(data[i]);
                }
            }
            if (node.length == 0) {
                return;
            } else {
                return node;
            }
        }
        return getNode(ROOT_ID)
    }

    var opt = {
        "key_id": "ID",              //节点的ID
        "key_parent": "FatherID",    //节点的父级ID
        "key_child": "children",     //子节点的名称
        "empty_children": [],        //子节点为空时,填充的值  //这个参数为空时,没有子元素的元素不带key_child属性;还可以为null或者[],同理
        "root_id": 0,                //根节点的父级ID
        "map": {                     //在节点内映射一些值  //对象的键是节点的新属性; 对象的值是节点的老属性,会赋值给新属性
            "value": "ID",
            "label": "TypeName",
        }
    };

score -1 · Accepted Answer

这是一个旧线程，但我认为更新永远不会受到伤害，使用 ES6 你可以这样做：

const data = [{
    id: 1,
    parent_id: 0
}, {
    id: 2,
    parent_id: 1
}, {
    id: 3,
    parent_id: 1
}, {
    id: 4,
    parent_id: 2
}, {
    id: 5,
    parent_id: 4
}, {
    id: 8,
    parent_id: 7
}, {
    id: 9,
    parent_id: 8
}, {
    id: 10,
    parent_id: 9
}];

const arrayToTree = (items=[], id = null, link = 'parent_id') => items.filter(item => id==null ? !items.some(ele=>ele.id===item[link]) : item[link] === id ).map(item => ({ ...item, children: arrayToTree(items, item.id) }))
const temp1=arrayToTree(data)
console.log(temp1)

const treeToArray = (items=[], key = 'children') => items.reduce((acc, curr) => [...acc, ...treeToArray(curr[key])].map(({ [`${key}`]: child, ...ele }) => ele), items);
const temp2=treeToArray(temp1)

console.log(temp2)

希望它可以帮助某人

score -1 · Accepted Answer

没有第三方库
无需预购数组
你可以得到你想要的树的任何部分

尝试这个

function getUnflatten(arr,parentid){
  let output = []
  for(const obj of arr){
    if(obj.parentid == parentid)

      let children = getUnflatten(arr,obj.id)

      if(children.length){
        obj.children = children
      }
      output.push(obj)
    }
  }

  return output
 }

在 Jsfiddle 上测试它

javascript - 从javascript中的平面数组构建树数组

33 回答 33

代码

要求

将节点数组转换为树

从节点树生成 HTML 列表

演示时间

更新

Related

Reference