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所以,我得到了 obj1 + obj2 的类内运算符重载:

fraction operator+ (fraction op);

同样, cout << obj 通过重载运算符重载 ostream 来工作:

ostream& operator<< (ostream& os, fraction& frac);

但是,如果我尝试将两者结合起来,一切都将崩溃。

fraction.cpp:77:27: error: no match for ‘operator<<’ in 
‘std::operator<< [with _Traits = std::char_traits<char>]((* & std::cout), ((const char*)"Sum: ")) 
<< f1.fraction::operator+(f2)’

这是代码:

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

class fraction
{
    private:
        int n, d;

    public:
        fraction ()
        {
            this->n = 1;
            this->d = 0;
        }

        fraction (int n, int d)
        {
            this->n = n;
            this->d = d;
        }

        int getNumerator ()
        {
            return n;
        }

        int getDenominator ()
        {
            return d;
        }

        fraction operator+ (fraction op)
        {
            return *(new fraction(this->n*op.d + op.n*this->d, this->d*op.d));
        }

        fraction operator- (fraction op)
        {

            return *(new fraction(this->n*op.d - op.n*this->d, this->d*op.d));
        }

        fraction operator* (fraction op)
        {
            return *(new fraction(this->n*op.n, this->d*op.d));
        }

        fraction operator/ (fraction op)
        {
            return *(new fraction(this->n*op.d, this->d*op.n));
        }
};

ostream& operator<< (ostream& os, fraction& frac)
{
    int n = frac.getNumerator();
    int d = frac.getDenominator();

    if(d == 0 && n == 0)
        os << "NaN";
    else if(d == 0 && n != 0)
        os << "Inf";
    else if(d == 1)
        os << n;
    else
        os << n << "/" << d;
}

int main ()
{
    fraction f1(2, 3);
    fraction f2(1, 3);

    cout << f1 << " " << f2 << endl;

    /*
    cout << "Sum: " << f1+f2 << endl;
    cout << "Difference: " << f1-f2 << endl;
    cout << "Product: " << f1*f2 << endl;
    cout << "Quotient: " << f1/f2 << endl;
    */

    return 0;
}

帮助。丁:

4

1 回答 1

9

眼前的问题是

ostream& operator<< (ostream& os, fraction& frac)

不会接受临时的,因为frac不是const参考 - 将其更改为

ostream& operator<< (ostream& os, const fraction& frac)

operator+在两个分数之间将返回一个不能绑定到非const引用的临时值。

在这些情况下还有一个非常严重的内存泄漏:

fraction operator+ (fraction )
{
   return *(new fraction(this->n*op.d + op.n*this->d, this->d*op.d)); 
}

new将返回一个动态分配的对象,然后您将其复制并从函数返回。

就像大多数人一样:

fraction operator+ (const fraction& op) const
{
   return fraction(this->n*op.d + op.n*this->d, this->d*op.d); 
}

(注意两个额外的常量和引用传递)

于 2013-07-29T15:22:08.967 回答